Thomas E Burroughs

Saint Louis University | SLU · College for Public Health & Social Justice

Purpose: To translate and culturally adapt the Diabetes Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory (DQoL-BCI) into Turkish and assess the psychometric properties of the translated version. Methods: A forward-backward translation process was conducted in conformity with international guidelines. A total of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus...

Objective: In animal models, inflammation due to experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) promotes pancreatic carcinogenesis that is preventable by suppressing inflammation. Recent studies noted higher long-term risk of the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) following AP. In this study, we evaluated if the long-term PDAC risk following AP was inf...

Background Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); nevertheless, the true incidence of PDAC in CP patients in the United States remains unclear.AimsWe evaluated the risk of developing PDAC two or more years after a new diagnosis of CP.Methods Retrospective study of veterans from September 1999 to Octo...

Background Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) have been recently linked to a lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in humans with acute pancreatitis. Since it is unclear if this effect results in clinical benefits, the aim of this study was to determine if prior NSAID exposure improves immediate clinical outcomes. Methods Retr...

Background China had the second largest proportion of preterm birth (PTB) internationally. However, only 11% of pregnant women in China meet international guidelines for maternal physical activity, a significantly lower proportion than that in Western countries. This study aims to examine the association between outdoor physical exercise during pre...

Objective Self-referral community cardiovascular screening programs (CCSPs) have a potential to reduce outcome events through early detection of disease. This study evaluated the characteristics of a population that could predict a positive test. Materials and Methods Participants who completed a cardiovascular screening protocol were compared. Th...

Purpose This study aimed to examine the factors associated with diagnosed depression among patients with a metastatic cancer. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 39,223 hospital records from 2008 to 2013 National Inpatient Sample for patients with metastatic cancer. Diagnosed depression was defined using ICD-9-CM for major depressio...

Purpose: To describe the treatment patterns and the predictors of different treatment standards in recently diagnosed diabetic macular edema (DME) patients in a nationally representative sample. Design: A retrospective cohort study using administrative claims data from January 1, 2007, through March 31, 2015. Patients were grouped into yearly co...

Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, with nearly 80 million people currently infected. It causes virtually all cervical cancers in the United States. There are three prophylactic HPV vaccines approved and recommended in the United States, and they protect against 70-90%...

Purpose: Beliefs about addictiveness and harmfulness of tobacco products are associated with intentions to use them. This study aimed to (1) evaluate perceived harmfulness and addictiveness patterns towards multiple tobacco products and (2) examine sociodemographic variables that influence those perceptions. Methods: Weighted multivariate ordinal l...

Purpose: An estimated 8,200 cases of anal cancer will be diagnosed in 2017, accounting for nearly 1,100 deaths. Though anal cancer is a relatively rare malignancy, its increasing incidence has coincided with the increase in prevalence of risky sexual practices associated with anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially among men. At least...

Introduction: Hookah smoking is becoming an increasingly popular choice of tobacco use and is remarkably common among young adults in the United States. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of hookah awareness and perceived harmfulness among US adults and to examine its association with cigarette smoking quit intention and att...

Background Depression contributes to persistent opioid analgesic use (OAU). Treating depression may increase opioid cessation. Aims To determine if adherence to antidepressant medications (ADMs) v . non-adherence was associated with opioid cessation in patients with a new depression episode after >90 days of OAU. Method Patients with non-cancer,...

Background: This study aimed to determine patient-, tumor-, and hospital-level characteristics associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), and to assess the impact of VTE on in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay in hospitalized patients with metastatic cancer. Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, a cross-sectional...

Rural residents of the United States have higher HPV-associated cancer incidence and mortality, and suboptimal HPV vaccine uptake compared to urban residents. This study aimed to assess differences in knowledge and awareness of HPV, the HPV vaccine, and HPV-associated cancers among rural and urban residents. We analyzed data from the Health Informa...

Non-invasive screenings have been widely utilized in the United States and worldwide to provide early identification of cardiovascular disease, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment. Screening sonography detects valve disease, cardiac dysfunction, and carotid disease in 5% to 20% of the population. This review discusses the current data rega...

Women have a higher prevalence of chronic noncancer pain conditions and report more severe pain, yet, it is not known if the association between long-term opioid analgesic use (OAU) and risk of a new depression episode (NDE) differs according to gender. We analyzed patient data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA; 2000–2012; n = 70,997) an...

Background The HPV vaccine prevents HPV-associated cancers and genital warts, which cause significant morbidity and mortality in the US. While the vaccine is targeted toward 11-12-year-old boys and girls, there is a catch-up vaccination range up to 26 years. However, vaccination rates are very low among eligible young adults, aged 18-26 years, and...

Background & Aims Population based data on the burden and patterns of acute pancreatitis (AP) early readmissions (≤30-days) are limited. Methods 2013 Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) was queried. AP etiology was determined using associated diagnoses codes. Proportion, reasons for readmission, and associated costs were evaluated. Multivariate...

Introduction Hookah smoking has recently become a common form of smoking, and its prevalence has increased worldwide. This study determined the prevalence and correlates of hookah awareness and perceived harmfulness among U.S. adults. Methods Weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on 6,711 adults aged ≥18 years collecte...

Methods: VA patients were classified into two groups, those who did not receive an opioid and developed depression (non-OAU+NDE, n=4314) and those that had >90 days OAU and developed NDE (OAU+NDE, n=444). OAU+NDE patients were compared to non-OAU+NDE in terms of depression severity (PHQ-9 scores), incidence of PTSD, other anxiety disorders and sub...

Recent studies suggest that longer durations of opioid use, independent of maximum morphine equivalent dose (MED) achieved, is associated with increased risk of new-onset depression (NOD). Conversely, other studies, not accounting for duration, found that higher MED increased probability of depressive symptoms. To determine whether rate of MED incr...

Background: Quality of life (QoL) assessment provides valuable outcome to support clinical decision-making, particularly for patients with chronic diseases that are incurable. A brief, 15-item diabetes-specific tool [i.e. Diabetes Quality of Life-Brief Clinical Inventory (DQoL-BCI)] is known to be developed in English and validated for use in clin...

Long-term prescription opioid use is associated both with new-onset and recurrence of depression. Whether chronic opioid use interferes with depression management has not been reported, therefore we determined whether patients' longer duration of opioid use and higher opioid dose are associated with new-onset treatment resistant depression (TRD) af...

Purpose To determine the prevalence of and examine factors associated with provider recommendation of human papillomavirus vaccination for U.S. adolescents. Methods Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using data from the National Immunization Survey–Teen 2014 on 34,478 adolescents aged 13–17 years. Results Overall prevalence...

Background: Cancer diagnosis often triggers depression among patients, and depression is associated with poor health behavior as well as poorer overall prognosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the predictors of depression among patients with a metastatic tumor. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 796,072 hospital records...

Background: We aimed to examine the effect of patients’ clinical and sociodemographic, and hospital level factors on in-hospital mortality among patients diagnosed with one of the top 10 deadliest malignant solid tumors (lung, colorectal, pancreas, breast, liver, prostate, bladder, brain, esophagus, and ovary). Methods: We performed a cross-section...

Background: There is an increased risk of depression after a diagnosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) due to associated morbidity and quality of life issues. However, no nationally representative study has quantified prevalence and predictors of depression across head and neck subsites. We describe age-adjusted prevalence, and sociodemographic predi...

Purpose: Longer duration of prescription opioid use is associated with risk of major depression after controlling for daily morphine equivalent dose and pain. It is not known if risk of depression varies as a function of the type of opioid prescribed. Methods: A retrospective cohort design was used to model onset of new depression diagnosis amon...

Unlabelled: Several studies have shown that chronic opioid analgesic use is associated with increased risk of new-onset depression. It is not known if patients with remitted depression are at increased risk of relapse after exposure to opioid analgesics. A retrospective cohort design using patient data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA;...

Purpose: Recent results suggests the risk of a new onset of depression increases with longer duration of opioid analgesic use. It is unclear whether new-onset depression related to opioid analgesic use is a function of the dose prescribed or the duration of use or both. Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design, we collected patient data from...

When evaluating physician performance measures, physician leaders are faced with the quandary of determining whether departures from expected physician performance measurements represent a true signal or random error. This uncertainty impedes the physician leader's ability and confidence to take appropriate performance improvement actions based on...

Introduction The aim of the study was to develop a Polish version of the Diabetes Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory (DQL-BCI) and to perform validating evaluation of selected psychometric aspects. Material and methods The translation process was performed in accordance with generally accepted international principles of translation and cult...

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Depression has complex bidirectional adverse associations with CAD, although the mechanisms mediating these relationships remain unclear. Compared to European Americans, African Americans (AAs) have higher rates of morbidity and mortality from CAD. Althou...

Background: Recent research indicates that sexual minority women are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with heterosexual women; however, few studies of CVD risk exist for sexual minority men (SMM). This study aimed to determine whether disparities in CVD risk exist for SMM and if CVD risk is consistent across subgroups of...

Objective: Prior research on predictors of problem drinking has been limited because of an inability to attribute an unambiguous environmental explanation to observed findings. Using a prospective co-twin control design, we examined the extent to which a history of psychiatric symptoms exerts an environmental influence on problem drinking in midli...

Background: Several studies indicate increased prevalence of tobacco, alcohol and other substance use among sexual minority men (SMM) and women (SMW). One explanation for this disparity is an increased prevalence of depressive symptoms among sexual minorities (SM) due to stigma and discrimination. Previous studies suggest such a relationship; howev...

Diabetic blindness occurs most often among working-age people. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) can prevent this outcome. Administrative data examined changes in PRP incidence rates. Anonymous data from the "claims submitted" files of an insurer with nationwide representation was used. This health insurance was a job benefit, and the sample includ...

The ability to accurately predict a population's long-term survival has important implications for quantifying the benefits of transplantation. To identify a model that can accurately predict a kidney transplant population's long-term graft survival, we retrospectively studied the United Network of Organ Sharing data from 13,111 kidney-only transpl...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Diabetic blindness occurs most often among working-age people. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) can prevent this outcome. Administrative data examined changes in PRP incidence rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Anonymous data from the ”claims submitted” files of an insurer with nationwide representation was used. This health in...

Little is known about associations of family health history with outcomes after kidney donation. Using a database wherein Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network identifiers for 4650 living kidney donors in 1987 to 2007 were linked to administrative data of a US private health insurer (2000-2007 claims), we examined associations of recipient...

We investigated associations between pre-transplant comorbidities, length of stay (LOS) and Medicare payments for transplant hospitalization. We examined United States Renal Data System for 24,963 recipients of first deceased-donor kidney transplants in 1995-2002 for whom Medicare was the primary payer for at least a year pre-transplant. Pre-transp...

Adequate treatment of depression improves the prognosis of depressed individuals. This study identified sociodemographic, medical, psychiatric, and health care utilization factors associated with receipt of adequate antidepressant pharmacotherapy by Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients with recurrent depression. National VHA electronic med...

Little is known about the influence of pre-transplant comorbidities on post-transplant expenditures. We estimated the associations between pre-transplant comorbidities and post-transplant Medicare costs, using several comorbidity classification systems. We included recipients of first-kidney deceased donor transplants from 1995 through 2002 for who...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, neurodegenerative inflammatory disease that affects approximately 400,000 Americans, the majority of whom are female. Although MS prevalence is higher among females, males are more likely to have a more progressive clinical course. For both genders, use of disease-modifying medications (DMMs) in the clinical ma...

Although the effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) alone or in combination is well established, limited data are available on device use and short-term outcomes in older patients. We sought to characterize age-specific practices and outcomes among patients with heart failure unde...

Current guidelines emphasize the need for optimal medical therapy before implantation of cardiac devices (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy). Our objective was to evaluate use of beta-blockers (BB) among patients with heart failure undergoing a cardiac device procedure. We used a large, multistate, managed-ca...

We describe factors associated with immunosuppression compliance after kidney transplantation and examine relationships between compliance with allograft outcomes and costs. Medicare claims for immunosuppression in 15 525 renal transplant recipients with at least 1 year of graft function were used to calculate compliance as medication possession ra...

Risk of new-onset diabetes after transplant (NODAT) is well characterized for adults but much less understood in pediatric transplant. This study examines the incidence and risk factors of NODAT in pediatric renal transplant patients. The incidence of NODAT over the first 3 years after transplant was examined with the United States Renal Data Syste...

Methods of crossmatch testing prior to kidney transplantation are not standardized and there are limited large-scale data on the use and outcomes implications of crossmatch modality. Data describing the most sensitive crossmatch modality for crossmatch-negative kidney transplants were drawn from the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network Registry...

About 300,000 patients in the United States with Chronic Kidney Failure (CKF) are of working age, but up to 70% lose their job within the first year of renal replacement therapy .No study has examined how work ability and perceived health are influenced by the subjects' adjustment to their job. We assessed the association of occupational stress (Ef...

Herpes zoster occurs more commonly in patients taking immunosuppressive medications, although the risk associated with different medications is poorly understood. We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 20,357 patients who were followed in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system and treated for rheumatoid arthritis from October 1998 thro...

Whether to include additional comorbidities beyond diabetes in future kidney allocation schemes is controversial. We investigated the predictive ability of multiple pretransplant comorbidities for graft and patient survival. We included first-kidney transplant deceased donor recipients if Medicare was the primary payer for at least one year pretran...

In an emerging competitive market such as healthcare, managers should focus on achieving excellent ratings to distinguish their organization from others. When it comes to customer loyalty, "excellent" has a different meaning. Customers who are merely satisfied often do not come back. The purpose of this study was to find out what influences adult p...

To quantify the incremental survival benefit of the pancreas allograft in simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplant recipients. Data from the national transplant database from 2000 to 2007 were analyzed. SPK recipients who had functioning allografts to 1-year post transplant (n = 3,304) were compared with those who had failure of the renal (n =...

Pulsatile machine perfusion (PMP) has been shown to reduce delayed graft function (DGF) in expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidneys. Here, we investigate whether there is a cost benefit associated with PMP utilization in ECD kidney transplants. We analyzed United States Renal Data System (USRDS) data describing Medicare-insured ECD kidney transplant r...

The use of implantable cardiac devices in the management of heart failure has increased, but patient selection and inhospital outcomes in clinical practice have not been critically explored. Therefore, we evaluated the inhospital mortality and costs associated with patients with heart failure who received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator,...

Heterogeneity of disease severity and clinical trajectory has been described among patients hospitalized with heart failure (HF). However, little is known about the variability in and contributors to costs associated with HF hospitalizations. We examined the distribution of costs associated with a HF diagnosis in a large contemporary hospital datab...

Gastrointestinal complications are common in patients who undergo kidney transplantation and may affect posttransplant outcomes. We examined the incidence and predictors of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and dyspepsia and their associations with graft survival and mortality after transplant. We examined United States Renal Data System data...

Gastrointestinal complications after kidney transplantation are associated with inferior graft outcomes. We examined the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of posttransplantation diarrhea. Historic cohort study. We examined first kidney transplant recipients in the United States from 1995 to 2002, with follow-up through December 2002. Recipients...

The flow cytometry crossmatch (FXCM) is an increasingly common method for pre-transplant crossmatching. We examined FCXM use in a national sample of kidney transplants, characterizing target cell utilization, results patterns, and associated graft outcomes. We queried Organ Procurement and Transplant Network Registry to identify kidney transplants...

Despite recent improvements in medical therapies, heart failure remains a prevalent condition that places significant burdens on providers, patients, and families. However, there is a paucity of data published describing physician beliefs about heart failure management, especially in its advanced stages. In order to better understand physician deci...

Clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been developed within the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI). Adherence patterns may identify focus areas for quality improvement. We retrospectively studied contemporary CKD care patterns within a private health system in the United States, and system...