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Introduction
Publications
Publications (65)
How can scientific creativity be fostered or encouraged among researchers ? The present contribution proposes a critical and constructive review of programs or methods designed to develop the creative abilities of individuals, the so-called 'creativity trainings'. More specifically, it examines whether these trainings can be used in the specific co...
The term 'creative' is commonly used in everyday language and in academic discourse to discuss the nature of artistic and innovative productions. This usage inherently implies the existence of a variable of creativity that allows different creative works to be compared. The standard definition of creativity asserts that a production must possess bo...
The 7C’s of creativity (Lubart, 2017) summarize scientific contributions in seven categories as a function of their main object of interest in relation to creativity: Creators, Creating, Collaboration, Context, Creations, Consumption, and Curricula. In its attempt to grasp these different dimensions of the phenomenon of creativity, the psychology o...
To measure conspiracism, researchers have created various scales. Generally, these scales aim to measure the adherence to more or less specific conspiracy beliefs or the presence of a conspiracy mentality among the respondents. The information from the studies carried out in terms of understanding of the conspiracy phenomenon (fundamental research)...
Conservative ideology is closely linked with pathogen prevalence, and adherence to conservative values increases under pathogen threat. To this day, few studies have demonstrated this effect using ecological voter data. For the first time, we analyze results from an election (the 2020 French local election) which was held during the growing coronav...
One of the more important questions about creativity is what makes a creative production a revolution ? The present contribution follows the analysis of the development of scientific knowledge proposed by Thomas Kuhn in ‘The Structure of Scientific Revolutions’ to propose a typology that may contribute to an answer. This typology, based on a retros...
Interpersonal conflicts constitute an essential component of everyday life. The present research aimed to create a measure of the general individual orientation towards conflict, of the individual tendency to seek conflict. We conducted three correlational studies (Ntotal = 652) in order to validate the CONS (CONflict Seeking), to study the associa...
Emergency situations are generally described as combining both threat and time pressure. Creative solutions to deal with such situations are important. The present studies (Ntotal = 1190) investigated how people are able to produce creative solutions in an emergency. Our first study was correlational, and assessed individual creativity and reaction...
The scientific literature on conspiracy theories indicates that (1) conspiracy believers show a greater tendency to use violent means to obtain social change, that (2) they also tend to be dissatisfied with the democratic system in which they live (even denying its democratic character), and (3) this type of dissatisfaction predisposes to the use o...
The world often goes too fast for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to process. We tested the therapeutic effectiveness of input slowing in children with ASD. Over 12 months, 12 children with ASD had weekly speech therapy sessions where stimuli were slowly played on a PC, while 11 age-and level-matched children with ASD had speech therap...
Tribune publiée dans Le Monde
The prevalence of unfounded beliefs (e.g. supernatural or conspiracy beliefs) remains an important issue due to their negative consequences in various domains. Interventions were shown to reduce supernatural beliefs only when addressing pseudoscientific ones. Based on these findings, we designed a single session intervention aiming to teach partici...
The assessment of population mental health relies on survey data from representative samples, which come with considerable costs. Drawing on research which established that absolutist words (e.g. never) are semantic markers for depression, we propose a new measure of population mental health based on the frequency of absolutist words in online sear...
Abstract: Perception of randomness, patterns in visual noise, and coincidences have been associated with propensity to endorse paranormal and conspiracist beliefs. There is, however, controversial evidence about the relationships and related explanatory paths. Whereas some studies report a strong association between pattern and randomness perceptio...
In scientific research on creativity, there has been considerable debate concerning the criteria by which a production can be judged more or less creative, that is, about the definition of creativity. The most frequent definition – the standard definition – incorporates the criteria of novelty and value. However, other definitions, based on a singl...
Résumé
Introduction
Les théories implicites de l’intelligence désignent des croyances concernant la modifiabilité de l’intelligence. Les états d’esprit « de développement » et « fixiste » considèrent respectivement l’intelligence comme une caractéristique qui peut ou ne peut pas être modifiée. La psychologie en tant que science offre, elle aussi,...
Purpose
The assessment of population mental health relies on survey data from representative samples, which come with considerable costs. Drawing on research which established that absolutist words (e.g. never) are semantic markers for depression, we propose a new measure of population mental health based on the frequency of absolutist words in onl...
The prevalence of unfounded beliefs (UB; e.g. supernatural or conspiracy beliefs) remains an important issue due to their negative consequences in various domains. Interventions were shown to reduce supernatural UB only when addressing pseudoscientific beliefs. Based on these findings, we designed a single session intervention aiming to teach parti...
The assessment of population mental health relies on survey data from representative samples, which come with considerable costs. Drawing on research which established that absolutist words (e.g. never) are semantic markers for depression, we propose a new measure of population mental health based on the frequency of absolutist words in online sear...
Conspiracy theories are narratives, they tell mostly fictional stories. In that sense, conspiracy theories are creative productions similar to other productions involving narratives, such as poems, films, or stories. However, contrary to these productions regularly studied in the field of creativity, conspiracy theories remain unexplored in this fi...
Collective action is a key driver of social and political change within societies. So far, the main factor mobilizing individuals into collective action remains the extent to which they feel identified with a protesting group (i.e., social identification). Although the link between social identification and collective action is well-established, cu...
The different definitions of creativity that have been proposed by researchers have developed out of what are called explicit theories of creativity, on the basis of logical and semantic arguments, independently of empirical data. The present paper focuses on two such definitions, the standard definition (M.A. Runco & G.J. Jaeger, 2012), which defi...
Research suggests that belief in conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms and is linked to other belief systems (e.g. religious beliefs). While previous research has extensively examined individual and contextual variables associated with CT beliefs, it has not yet investigated the role of culture. In the current research,...
Research suggests that belief in conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms and is linked to other belief systems (e.g. religious beliefs). While previous research has extensively examined individual and contextual variables associated with CT beliefs, it has not yet investigated the role of culture. In the current research,...
In scientific research on creativity, there has been considerable debate concerning the criteria by which a production can be judged more or less creative, that is, about the definition of creativity. The most frequent definition – the standard definition – incorporates the criteria of novelty and value. However, other definitions, based on a singl...
Collective action is a key driver of social and political change within societies. So far, the main factor mobilizing individuals into collective action remains the extent to which they feel identified with a protesting group (i.e., social identification). Although the link between social identification and collective action is well-established, cu...
Conservative ideology is closely linked with pathogen prevalence, and adherence to conservative values increases under pathogen threat. To this day, few studies have demonstrated this effect using ecological data. For the first time, we analyse results from an election (the 2020 French local election) which was held during the growing COVID-19 spre...
Suicide continues to be a major public health issue, especially in the United States. It is a well-established fact that depression and suicidal ideation are risk factors for suicide. Drawing on recent research that shows that absolutist words (e.g., “completely,” “totally”) constitute linguistic markers of suicidal ideation, we created an online i...
Exposure to death-related threats, thoughts and cues (actual or anticipated death of conspecifics, including oneself) remain powerful stressors across primate species, including humans. Accordingly, a pervasive issue in psychology pertains to the kind of social–cognitive responses exposure to deadly threats generates. To this day, psychological mod...
Psychological research suggests that violent extremism (e.g., terrorism) stems partly from existential motives, such as individuals' need to achieve significance in life after experiencing failure, ostracism, or humiliation (Significance Quest Theory; SQT). Parallel investigations from sociology and criminology established similar findings by linki...
The tendency of terror attacks to generate increased right-wing attitudes is a direct prediction from the motivated cognition approach to political ideology (Jost, 2017). However, due to methodological and theoretical problems, evidence for this 'right-shift' hypothesis is currently mixed. To address these issues, we introduce for the first-time se...
Background: Recent social-psychological research suggests that adherence to conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms. Studies conducted so far have mainly focused on individual difference variables. Here, we wanted to test whether nation-level cultural values could predict the prevalence of CT from a situated cultural cogn...
In France, laïcité is a legal principle enforcing State secularism. However, research indicates that Modern (vs. traditional) beliefs about laïcité (ML) help legitimate prejudice against minorities. From Social Identity Theory, we hypothesized that ML should be positively linked with national identification, stereotyping, prejudice and support for...
Domestic radicalization constitutes a core issue for counter-terrorism in Western countries. One way of looking at its societal roots is to focus on people’s sense making of their social situation. Anomia (Srole, 1956), is characterized by increased individual feelings of normlessness and meaninglessness. Because anomia fits well within the Loss of...
Online search query data (e.g. Google Trends) can be successfully used to analyse collective political behaviour. This novel technique, brought from econometrics, allows for circumscribing complex societal events by tapping into an online pool of shared ideas and representations (Marzouki and Oullier, 2014). For the first time, we introduce search...
In France, laïcité is legal principle from 1905 that enforces a form of ‘State Secularism’. Deeply rooted into French culture, recent research show that modern (vs. traditional) beliefs about laïcité are used as prejudice legitimation and to promote discriminatory behavior against Maghrebi minorities. Using Social Identity Theory, we hypothesized t...
There is growing evidence that infants display preferences for prosocial agents. However, recent studies have reported conflicting results about the impact of appearance on these preferences. The current study investigated the relative influence of behavior and face/race on 6-month-old infants’ evaluation of social agents when these two aspects are...
Online search query data (e.g. Google Trends) can be successfully used to analyse collective political behaviour. This novel technique, brought from econometrics, allows for circumscribing complex societal events by tapping into an online pool of shared ideas and representations (Marzouki and Oullier, 2014). For the first time, we introduce search...
Preference for prosocial behaviors in 6-months-old infants
There is growing evidence that infants display preferences for prosocial agents. However, recent studies have reported conflicting results about the impact of appearance on these preferences. The current study investigated the relative influence of face/race on 6-month-old infants’ preferen...
Recent research suggests that infants prefer prosocial behaviour. However, some studies have failed to report this preference, raising the question of which specific parameters allow it to be observed. We attempted to answer this question by investigating whether the preference varies (1) with age (by testing infants aged 6, 12 and 18 months), (2)...
Abstract
According to the temporal theory of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), audiovisual changes in environment, particularly those linked to facial and verbal language, are often too fast to be faced, perceived, and/or interpreted online by many children with ASD, which could help explain their facial, verbal, and/or socioemotional interaction...
There is growing evidence that infants display preferences for prosocial agents. However, recent studies have reported conflicting results about the impact of appearance on these preferences. The current study investigated the relative influence of face/race on 6-month-old infants' preference for prosocial behaviour. In a short research study featu...
Infants' preferences for photographs of faces of their own race or of other races from birth to 9-months have been well documented. There, we reported findings suggesting that over 12 months, infants do not display any preferences. However, when shown basic cartoons of faces, 12 and 18-month-old infants look significantly longer to faces from other...
This study extends the findings that young infants prefer prosocial to antisocial others (Hamlin & Wynn, Cognitive Development 2011, 26, 30; Hamlin, Wynn, & Bloom, Nature 2007, 450, 557) to older infants (12–24 and 24–36 months) with a novel display. We presented infants with short cartoons in which a character (the “Protoganist”) engaged in a ball...
Further collection of evidence for infants' preference for prosocial behaviors.
Data showed this preference could be modulated when facial features (i.e. their attractivity and familiarity) of protagonists acting prosocially or antisocially are manipulated
Research has recently challenged the conception of infants as selfish beings, showing an ability of social judgment (what is good or bad) in infancy (Hamlin, Wynn, & Bloom, 2007). When watching interactions involving prosocial and antisocial individuals, infants at 6 months of age display a strongly preference for the one producing a prosocial beha...
The aim of the present study is to identify the effects of subjective and objective workload on driving performance, as a function of situation complexity and driving practice. Driving performance can be maintained even in complex situations, when compensatory strategies are set up with practice to reduce the level of workload. However, when the si...
This longitudinal study examined the associations between maternal depressive
symptoms and infant holding bias in a sample of N ¼ 43 women during three
prospective sessions: during pregnancy, two months after childbirth, and when the
child was 19 months of age. The majority of mothers (65.8% on average) held
their children on the left side of their...
We validate, extend, and empirically and theoretically criticize the cultural dimension of humane orientation of the project GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program, House et al., 2004). Theoretically, humane orientation is not just a one-dimensionally positive concept about being caring, altruistic, and...
We validate, extend, and empirically and theoretically criticize the cultural dimension of humane orientation of the project GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program). Theoretically, humane orientation is not just a one-dimensionally positive concept about being caring, altruistic, and kind to others as di...
This study examined the effect of the threat aroused by the perception of thin-ideal images combined with beliefs about the malleability of the body on perceived/objective, ideal/objective and ought/objective body image self-discrepancies. An experimental computer program enabled women (N=82) to artificially increase or decrease the shape of their...
Our objective was to explore the relationships between adult attachment and various aspects of emotional awareness, including alexithymia and level of emotional awareness. Participants were 112 university students who completed the Attachment Style Questionnaire, the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ), and the Level of Emotional Awarene...
Previous terror management theory research has shown that mortality salience (MS; a death reminder) leads to the derogation of those who are perceived to be threats to or violators of one’s cultural worldview. Immigrants may be viewed as such a threat, but not necessarily to all majority group members of the culture. The studies presented here test...
This study assessed the impact of the results of genetic testing for hereditary cancer from a multifactorial health psychology perspective, considering that emotional expression plays a key role in psychological adjustment. Measures of dispositional and transactional coping strategies, anxiety and alexithymia were filled out by 77 participants in a...
Previous terror management theory research has shown that mortality salience (MS; a death reminder) leads to the derogation of those who are perceived to be threats to or violators of one’s cultural worldview. Immigrants may be viewed as such a threat, but not necessarily to all majority group members of the culture. The studies presented here test...
Terrorism as an act of violence involves a vast and multi-factorial network of sociopolitical causes. Yet this choice of action corresponds to another form of social violence. As psychologists, we can try to explain the consequences of terrorism, the reasons why terrorist groups always seem able to recruit new people for their purpose. It is also,...
Terrorism as an act of violence involves a vast and multi-factorial network of sociopolitical causes. Yet this choice of action corresponds to another form of social violence. As psychologists, we can try to explain the consequences of terrorism, the reasons why terrorist groups always seem able to recruit new people for their purpose. It is also,...
