Thierno M O Diallo

Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment · Health and Comfort

Most of the proposed Vapor Intrusion (VI) models are developed assuming a steady indoor environment (i.e., building pressure and air exchange rate). To account for variations in these building conditions, these models are coupled with multizone codes to enable more precise modeling of indoor air pollution. In this paper, semi-empirical VI models ar...

Window opening behavior is a critical factor that affects the Indoor Environment Quality and energy consumption of buildings. However, inaccurate consideration of this behavior in performance simulation tools can lead to uncertainty between predicted and actual building performance. Several research studies have been conducted to understand the sti...

Future constructions in the context of the industrial wastelands reuse may be exposed to Vapor Intrusion (VI). VI can be evaluated by combining in-situ measures and analytical models to evaluate exposure risk in future indoor environments. However, the assumptions in the existing models may reduce their accuracy when they do not meet the characteri...

The recently developed TAIL rating scheme enables assessment of the changes in the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) associated with a building’s deep energy renovation (DER) and classification of the resulting quality levels of the thermal (T), acoustic (A), and luminous (visual) (L) environments and indoor air quality (I). Since the TAIL rating...

Various screening-level and analytical models have been proposed in order to evaluate Vapor Intrusion (VI) and provide assessment tools for exposure risk in indoor environments. However, many in situ investigations show important differences between predicted and measured indoor concentrations generally associated with inappropriate conceptual mode...

In the context of the international spread of COVID-19, the Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB) has led a joint research with the French government authorities Hauts-de-Seine department, to analyse the risk in school spaces according to their configuration, ventilation system and spatial segmentation strategy. This paper descri...

It is well established that vapor entry into the buildings is driven by the difference in VOCs concentration in the subsurface and soil gas pressure between the subsurface contaminated areas and the indoor spaces. Various studies have shown that diffusion is the main transport mechanism for VOCs migration in the vadose zone. However, in the neighbo...

This study presents a fast and nonintrusive in situ methodology to characterise the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) fluxes of contaminated sites and to quantify their intrusion into future buildings built on these sites. It could be used to conduct exhaustive ground pre-characterisation and indoor air assessments for future on-site buildings. The...

Various vapour intrusion (VI) models have been proposed in order to predict indoor concentration of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in buildings. However, these models tend to be conservative, and overestimate or underestimate vapour flux emissions due to several assumptions. Particularly, most of these VI models only consider an infinite uniform...

This paper aims to experimentally investigate a novel solar Micro-Channel Loop-Heat-Pipe Photovoltaic/Thermal (MC-LHP-PV/T) system which, making its first attempt to employ the co-axial tubular heat exchanger as the condenser, PV-bound multiple micro-channel tubes array as the PV/evaporator, the upper end liquid header with tiny holes as the liquid...

This chapter presented micro (mini)-channels and their applications in solar systems. Two types of channels, micro (mini)-tubes and micro (mini)-heat pipes, have been presented, and the performance of their use in solar systems has been illustrated by studies in the literature. For solar thermal systems, the integration of micro (mini)-channels can...

For a solar collector with a heat pipe, the tilt angle is an important factor which has a direct impact on the orientation (surface azimuth angle) and affects the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the collector. The performance of the microchannel heat pipe (MCHP), as a highly efficient heat transfer device, can be influenced by gra...

This paper presents a combined analytical and experimental study of an innovative multiple-throughout-flowing micro-channel-panels-array applicable to a solar-powered rural house space heating system. This array, compared to the traditional one-to-one-connection panels-array, can significantly reduce the temperature difference between the head and...

Solar energy application in a wider spectrum has the potential for high efficiency energy conversion. However, solar cells can only absorb photon energy of the solar spectrum near the solar cell band-gap energy, and the remaining energy will be converted into thermal energy. The thermoelectric generator is a good choice to utilize this thermal ener...

This paper presents an analytical investigation of heat-transfer limits of a novel solar loop-heat pipe developed for space heating and domestic hot water use. In the loop-heat pipe, the condensate liquid returns to the evaporator via small specially designed holes, using a mini-channel evaporator. The study considered the commonly known heat-trans...

This paper presents the designing aspects and first experimental characterization of an adaptable Smart Modular Heat Recovery Unit (SMHRU) developed under the scope of the E2VENT Project. This SMHRU is being designed as a part of an adaptable renovation module for the retrofitting of multi-storey residential building from the 60's, 70's across Euro...

The building sector is responsible for more than 40% of the EU’s total energy consumption. To reduce the energy consumption in buildings and to achieve the EU’s fossil fuel saving targets for 2020 and beyond 2050, the energy efficient retrofitting strategies are critically important and need to be implemented effectively. This paper presents a dyna...

The entry of soil gas pollutants into buildings has been the subject of many studies and some analytical airflow models have been developed to estimate this entry into buildings. The existing airflow models do not include the sub-slab gravel layer that can influence significantly the airflow from soil into buildings. In this paper, an analytical ai...

This chapter gives an overview of the current development of the indirect evaporative cooling technologies, PV and PV/T solar energy systems, natural ventilation systems, heat recovery systems, and low-energy lighting technologies. And the fundamentals of these techniques are introduced. The cases of the application of the above technologies in the...

The paper presents an investigation into the energy performance of a novel irregular heat and mass exchanger for dew point cooling which, compared to the existing flat-plate heat exchangers, removed the use of the channel supporting guides and implemented the corrugated heat transfer surface, thus expecting to achieve the reduced air flow resistanc...

The goal of the European project TRIBUTE (2013-2017) is the reduction of the gap between predicted and measured energy performance of buildings, through the improvement of the prediction capacity of energy modeling and simulation tools. This improvement will take into account all key parameters that influence the energy performance of buildings, li...

The entry and the accumulation of soil gas pollutants (Radon, VOC's, …) into indoor environments can cause significant health risks. Some analytical and numerical models have been developed to quantify the soil gas indoor concentrations in order to assess their health risks. However, the different models include large uncertainties in understanding...

The entry of soil gas pollutants (Radon, VOCs,…) into buildings can cause serious health risks to inhabitants. Various systems have been developed to limit this risk. Soil Depressurization System (SDS) is one of the most efficient mitigation systems to prevent buildings against these pollutants. Two operating modes of SDS are currently used: active...

The entry of soil gas pollutants (Radon, VOCs, etc.) into the buildings are known to create serious health risks to building's occupants, and various systems have been developed to lower this risk. Soil Depressurization Systems (SDS) are among the most efficient mitigation systems protecting buildings against soil gas pollutants. In a recent study...

Transfer of soil gas pollutants (Radon, VOC) into buildings can cause significant health risks. However, analytical models used today to estimate health risks associated with these pollutants contain many uncertainties which can lead to poor risk assessment. Initially, the main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the improvement of these m...

Soil gas pollutant intrusion into buildings has been the subject of many studies, but as yet no tool allows a reasonable estimation to be obtained. This is due to complex phenomenologies that need to be taken into account and particularly to the difficulty in estimating pollutant flows at ground-building interface. In this paper, analytical models...

Soil gas pollutants (VOCs, radon, …) have long been known to intrude into buildings through various openings, e.g., cracks and gaps in the foundations. As yet no model has been developed which can quantify this rate of flow whilst taking into account various substructure configurations. This is due to the complex phenomena that need to be consider...