Thiago Ribeiro De Carvalho

Federal University of Minas Gerais | UFMG · Departamento de Zoologia

Male frogs emit stereotypical advertisement calls to attract mates and deter conspecific rivals. The evolution of these calls is thought to be linked to anatomical constraints and the acoustic characteristics of their surroundings. The Acoustic Adaptation Hypothesis (AAH) posits that species evolve calls that maximize propagation distance and reduc...

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian mega...

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classification. In this context, the B Brazilian meg...

The Atlantic Forest is recognized as a biodiversity hotspot because of the high species richness and the remaining natural areas comprising less than 30% relative to its primary vegetation. Even though many anuran species from this biome are ecologically restricted to pristine ecosystems, there are some examples of new species discovered from anthr...

The genus Aplastodiscus (Hylidae) is widely distributed in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and adjacent Argentina, and a single species inhabits the Cerrado in Central Brazil. The genus comprises 16 species included in 4 species groups. The A. albosignatus species group contains 6 described species, as well as two candidate species referred to as Apl...

Systematic assessments of species extinction risk at regular intervals are necessary for informing conservation action1,2. Ongoing developments in taxonomy, threatening processes and research further underscore the need for reassessment3,4. Here we report the findings of the second Global Amphibian Assessment, evaluating 8,011 species for the Inter...

Adenomera is a genus of Neotropical leaf-litter frogs widely distributed in South America and regarded taxonomic-wise challenging. One of these is the open-habitat Adenomera diptyx from Paraguay, which may correspond to a species complex. An integrative analysis of morphological variation, in combination with acoustic and molecular data of several...

Bokermannohyla treefrogs produce a rich array of acoustic signals in their vocal repertoires. Here we report and describe for the first time the vocalizations of B. caramaschii, a species lacking vocal slits. We also extend the known vocal repertoire of B. gouveai by describing a previously unreported note type and revisiting intraspecific variatio...

Supplemental material for this article can be accessed here: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2089269.

We herein present the first annotated anuran checklist for the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia, based on a thorough literature review. We recorded the occurrence of 111 species belonging to 13 anuran families distributed across 48 localities throughout Amapá, within two biomes. Among these species, 62.5% occur exclusively in the Tropical...

Oval frogs (Elachistocleis) have a broad geographic distribution covering nearly all of South America and parts of Central America. They also have a large inter- and intraspecific variation of the few morphological characters commonly used as diagnostic traits among species of the genus. Based on molecular data, we provide the most complete phyloge...

In a recent contribution to the systematics of Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 frogs endemic to the Brazilian campo rupestre (Carvalho et al. 2021), we revealed a genetically divergent lineage as an unnamed species distributed in the northern portion of the Espinhaço Mountain Range (EMR). The species was named and described as Leptodactylus avivoca i...

The campo rupestre is a unique mountaintop ecosystem in eastern South America, recognised for its endemism and as ecological refugia for plant and animal taxa. Multiple clades of frogs are represented in the Brazilian campo rupestre. One such case is four species of the Leptodactylus fuscus group, three of which are endemic to specific mountain ran...

Vocal sounds occur in most anurans and are often emitted as simple and stereotyped acoustic signals. Some frog groups, however, have complex signals and others can produce distinctive acoustic structures, such as purely ultrasonic calls. Crossodactylodes is a genus of bromeligenous frogs that is understudied in many aspects. This genus has been his...

The outstanding species richness of Amazonia has fascinated biologists for centuries. However, the records of actual numbers and distribution of species forming its ecosystems are so incomplete that the understanding of the historical causes and regional determinants of this diversity remain speculative. Anuran clades have repeatedly been documente...

A large proportion of the biodiversity of Amazonia, one of the most diverse rainforest areas in the world, is yet to be formally described. One such case is the Neotropical frog genus Adenomera. We here evaluate the species richness and historical biogeography of the Adenomera heyeri clade by integrating molecular phylogenetic and species delimitat...

The Leptodactylus melanonotus species group is widely distributed across the Neotropics and contains 17 valid species. Here we reassess the taxonomic status of several taxa of the group, focusing mainly on the Amazonian L. petersii and both its junior synonyms (L. brevipes and L. intermedius), based on morphological, acoustic, cytogenetic, and DNA...

We describe a new species of the South American frog genus Adenomera, based on external morphology, color patterns, advertisement call, and mtDNA sequences. The new species was collected from the Japurá River basin in northwestern Brazilian Amazonia and is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of large snout–vent length (SVL), toe tip...

The Leptodactylus latrans species group currently comprises eight medium-to large-sized frog species with a convoluted taxonomic history, particularly related to the specific limits of the L. latrans complex, and the species pair Leptodactylus chaquensis-Leptodactylus macrosternum. Their homogeneous external morphology and continental geographic di...

During recent field expeditions to an Amazonian region in eastern Guiana Shield (Serra do Navio, state of Amapá, northern Brazil), we collected and recorded calls of a species of Adelophryne, a diminutive leaf-litter-dwelling, direct- developing frog genus. After a careful integrative taxonomic evaluation using morphological, molecular, and bioacou...

50% majority-rule consensus tree of Bayesian inference file in nexus format

16S matrix in nexus format used to reconstruct the phylogenetic hypothesis

Many aspects of the Amazonian amphibian fauna are yet under-studied. This is the case of the Amapá treefrog, Boana dentei, which was described in the 1960s based on a single female specimen from Serra do Navio, a Brazilian region of lowland Amazonian forests in the easternmost portion of the Guiana Shield. The species has been reported only a few t...

Foam-nesting frogs of the genus Physalaemus Fitzinger, 1826 have been long known for their diverse acoustic patterns (e.g., Barrio 1965; Bokermann 1966). Of the 49 species, the vocalizations of only three remain unknown to date (see Table 1 of Hepp & Pombal 2020): P. caete Pombal & Madureira, 1997, P. deimaticus Sazima & Caramaschi, 1988, and P. in...

APRESENTAÇÃO O intuito deste livro é divulgar os resultados de pesquisas científicas sobre a ecologia e a conservação dos cerrados, campos e florestas da região do Triângulo Mineiro e Sudeste de Goiás. A maior parte destas pesquisas foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pesquisa Ecológica de Longa Duração (PELD). O PELD é uma iniciativa do Cons...

We describe a new species of Adenomera from southwestern Amazonia. The new species corresponds to one of the acoustic patterns and morphotypes from Tambopata National Reserve (Adenomera ‘‘Forest Call II’’), which was associated with the candidate species identified via molecular data as Adenomera sp. C in the phylogeny of the genus. The new species...

Adenomera simonstuarti is a poorly known species complex inhabiting western Amazonia. Here we reevaluate the species diversity within this complex based on previously documented and newly acquired molecular and phenotypic data. We also redescribe the calling pattern of the nominal species based on the original recording (Peru) and a new recording (...

The Neotropical frog genus Pseudopaludicola includes 25 species distributed throughout South America. Herein we review the taxonomic status of P. parnaiba relative to P. canga and the specific identity of the population treated in previous studies as Pseudopaludicola sp. 3 from Barreirinhas in the Brazilian state of Maranhão. The lack of differenti...

A comparative acoustic analysis of species of Vitreorana (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, with a description of the call of V. baliomma and insights into the taxonomic status of Cerrado populations. Advertisement calls are the primary signaling strategy of mating in most anurans. Examining major patterns within...

Members of the Leptodactylus mystaceus species complex are widely distributed in forests and open formations of South America east of the Andes. Species of the complex are morphologically similar or indistinguishable among each other, but acoustic data have been the cornerstone for species discrimination across their geographic ranges. In this pape...

Taxonomists always have had intense discussions about how species should be delimited and recently many studies have used integrative approaches by combining molecular, morphological, and bioacoustic data. Although these studies are paramount for understanding species diversity, few of them actually formalize species delimitations to the final step...

Adenomera andreae and A. hylaedactyla are two widespread Amazonian frogs that have been traditionally distinguished from each other by the use of different habitats, toe tip development, and more recently through advertisement calls. Yet, taxonomic identification of these species has always been challenging. Herein we undertake a review of type spe...

We describe a new Amazonian species of Adenomera that corresponds to one of the acoustic signals and morphs from Tambopata National Reserve (Adenomera ‘‘Forest Call I’’) and to a confirmed candidate species (Adenomera sp. E) in the most recently published phylogeny for the genus. The new species is distinguished from all 19 described congeners by i...

The bufonid genus Rhaebo contains 13 species, Rhaebo guttatus being one of the two species that occur in Brazil. Here we describe for the first time the release call of R. guttatus from the Brazilian Amazonia. Release calls are highly variable both in the temporal and in the frequency domains. The advertisement and release calls of Rhaebo guttatus...

A new species of Paratelmatobius is described from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest in the state of Paraná in southern Brazil. Adults, tadpoles, and vocalizations are described. Morphological traits and phylogenetic analysis place the new species within the P. cardosoi group. The new species can be readily distinguished from its congeners by its adver...

The frog genus Physalaemus has almost 50 species with vocalizations that are mostly composed of a single note. This note tends to have a broad harmonic structure or a pulsed structure. The sister species P. lateristriga and P. olfersii have pulsed advertisement calls that have been described as a noisy and long-lasting warbling sound. We provide th...

ABSTRACT.—We describe a new species of Adenomera from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest corresponding to one of the candidate species indicated in the published phylogeny of the genus (‘‘sp. R’’). The new species differs from all 18 congeners by the combination of small size, absence of toe discs, and the advertisement call composed of a single nonpuls...

Leptodactylid frogs are phenotypically diverse, widely distributed across the Neotropics, and are known to harbor high levels of cryptic species diversity. This is especially true in Adenomera, where several candidate species have been recognized in a genetics-based study. Here we describe a new Amazonian species of Adenomera, which corresponds to...

Gastrotheca Fitzinger, 1843 (Hemiphractidae) is composed of 70 species classified into four species groups, among which Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1882) and G. microdiscus (Andersson, 1910) species groups are distributed in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Castroviejo-Fisher et al. 2015; Duellman & Venegas 2016). The Gastrotheca fissipes group...

The genus of Neotropical frogs Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 includes 23 species, which occur throughout South America. Herein we describe a new species of Pseudopaludicola from the central region of the state of Minas Gerais (southeastern Brazil). This new species is distinguished by the adult morphology, the advertisement call, and molec...

We describe for the first time the advertisement calls of three Elachistocleis species (E. surumu, E. magna, E. carvalhoi) and provide additional data on the calls of three other species (E. matogrosso, E. helianneae, E. muiraquitan). Additionally , we evaluate intraspecific variation in morphology and color patterns, and comment on species diagnos...

Harlequin toads (Atelopus) are distributed over a wide range in the Amazon Rainforest, mostly associated with streamlets in dense ombrophilous forests in lowland and sub-montane regions. Atelopus hoogmoedi Lescure, 1974a was considered as bearing full species status by Lötters et al. (2005), although until that moment this species had been assigned...

An acoustic and morphometric evaluation of the geographic distribution of Phyllomedusa burmeisteri (Anura: Phyllomedusidae), with comments on P. bahiana. A recent study, based on phylogenetic and phylogeographic multilocus approaches, detected two evolutionary units (BUR and BUR-RJ) within the range of P. burmeisteri. BUR has a wide distribution, w...

Crossodactylus werneri was described based on specimens collected in the 1970’s at Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, being also reported for nearby localities. We collected specimens that we assigned to C. werneri, and recorded calls of the species during fieldworks at Serra das Cabras (Campinas, state of São Paulo). In this paper, we describe for the f...

Scinax exiguus was described from the Gran Sabana, southeastern Venezuela, and its distribution is associated with the one Amazonian savanna region in northern South America. Herein, we describe the aggressive call and redescribe the advertisement call of S. exiguus, including recordings from the type locality. Also, we report on intraspecific vari...

We report the occurrence of the Amazonian hylid Boana alfaroi outside of Ecuador for the first time. The locality (Assis Brasil, state of Acre) lies in northern Brazil, approximately 1,280 km southeast from the easternmost records in Ecuador. Additionally, we describe the vocalization of a male of B. alfaroi from the Brazilian population, including...

The categories of calls previously described for the closely related species Pithecopus azureus and P. hypochondrialis are reassessed. In addition, the advertisement and aggressive calls of P. azureus from Brazil-Paraguay border in southwestern state of Mato Grosso do Sul in western Brazil are redescribed. Intraspecific comparisons of call traits a...

In this study, we re-describe the advertisement and territorial calls of Boana pardalis, carry out an acoustic comparison between the studied species and the other congeners of the B. faber group, and report for the first time the tympanic amplexus for the studied species. The advertisement call of B. pardalis can be used to supplement its diagnosi...

We describe for the first time the vocalization of Scinax haddadorum from its type locality. We also aim to establish an acoustic diagnosis for this species in comparison with the morphologically similar Scinax rupestris, for which we also describe additional note types of its vocalization that were not previously reported. The advertisement call o...

We report the first record of Pseudopaludicola pocoto from Bahia state, Brazil. In addition to the new distributional record, which fill gaps in the species distribution , new data and brief comments on its advertisement call are also provided. We also provide a map of the localities reported in the literature.

We provide the first record of Pseudopaludicola boliviana from the state of Amapá (municipality of Macapá), northern Brazil. It is also the species easternmost record, extending its known geographic distribution in Brazil about 1,260 km from the state of Roraima, northern Brazil. Additionally, we also provide a call description for this population...

Pseudopaludicola atragula is one of the most recently described species for the genus. Distributional records for this species were restricted to two muni-cipalities in northwestern São Paulo state. Herein, we extend its distribution range and report the first record of the species in Cerrado areas of the state of Goiàs, central Brazil.

We report a new distributional record of Allobates goianus in Niquelândia (Goiás State, Central Brazil), and its rediscovery in Minaçu since the creation of the Serra da Mesa dam lake in 1997. Moreover, we describe the species advertisement call from Niquelândia, reporting on a new calling emission pattern for the species, plus we provide the first...

Vocalizations of Hypsiboas beckeri and H. stenocephalus (Anura: Hylidae), two species of the H. polytaenius group from southeastern Brazil. The analysis of anuran vocalizations is an important taxonomic tool, especially within complexes of morphologically similar species. Hypsiboas beckeri and H. stenocephalus are syntopic in their type locality (P...

Herein, we conduct a comparative study based mainly on the acoustic variation of calls of four Pseudopaludicola species that share a trilled advertisement call pattern, as well as revisit their diagnoses, and update their distribution. Acoustic variation was helpful for species delimitation: two temporal traits distinguished P. facureae from P. hyl...

The complex vocalization of Scinax cardosoi (Anura: Hylidae), with comments on advertisement calls in the S. ruber Clade. The complex vocalization of Scinax cardosoi from a population of Minas Gerais in southeastern Brazil is described and compared with available acoustic data for the other species of the S. ruber Clade. Three distinct types of hig...

Scinax cruentommus (Anura: Hylidae) in the upper Rio Negro drainage, Amazonas state, Brazil, with the redescription of its advertisement call. for Scinax cruentommus from the upper Rio Negro, Amazonas state, Brazil. We also redescribe its advertisement call and make acoustic comparisons with available data for other species of the Scinax ruber Clad...

The Rhinella granulosa group currently comprises 13 species that are distributed throughout South America, and Panama (Sanabria et al. 2010; Pereyra et al. 2015). Rhinella major (Müller & Hellmich) is a widely distributed species that occurs in the Chaco of Argentina e Paraguay, Brazilian and Bolivian Cerrado, as well as open environments along the...

In this paper, we provide an updated diagnosis for Pseudopaludicola giarettai based on the morphometric and acoustic variation observed with the assessment of new populations, plus an expansion of its distribution range. Our results support that all acoustic variation observed might be attributed to intraspecific variation. The variation in body si...

In this paper, we provide new bioacoustic and distributional data on Bokermannohyla sapiranga, as well as additional comparative bioacoustic data on topotypes of B. pseudopseudis, and re-evaluate the differential diagnosis of the former species with respect to the latter. Head shapes (dorsal and lateral views) presented such variation that should n...

In this paper, we describe two syntopic species of Adenomera from the Chapada dos Veadeiros microregion, northern State of Goiás, central Brazil, recognized based on morphology, color patterns, and bioacoustics. Specimens and calls were obtained in the Municipality of Teresina de Goiás, central Brazil. Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. is diagnosed from th...

We analyzed the intraspecific variability of the advertisement call of Chiasmocleis albopunctata and provide an additional diagnostic character (note structure) for this species to distinguish it from other congener species. Specimens and vocalizations were obtained in Teresina de Goiás, northern State of Goiás, central Brazil. The advertisement ca...

n this paper, we describe a new species of the Leptodactylus fuscus group on the basis of adult morphology and advertisement call, occurring restricted to montane rock fields of the Chapada Diamantina, northern portion of the Espinhaço Range, central State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. In addition, we re-describe the advertisement call of L. camaq...

In this paper, we provide a taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi from its type locality (Cachimbo, southwestern State of Pará) since its description (57 years ago) based on a newly collected series of eleven adult topotypes, and through a bioacoustic approach, recognize an undescribed cryptic taxon under this nominal species, which is w...