
Teun Van ErpStellenbosch University | SUN · Department of Sport Science
Teun Van Erp
PhD
About
42
Publications
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (42)
Purpose:
A valid measure for training load (TL) is an important tool for cyclists, trainers, and sport scientists involved in professional cycling. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of exercise intensity on the association between kilojoules (kJ) spent and different measures of TL to arrive at valid measures of TL.
Methods:
Four...
Purpose:
This study provides a retrospective analysis of a large competition database describing the intensity and load demands of professional road cycling races, highlighting the differences between men's and women's races.
Method:
Twenty male and ten female professional cyclists participated in this study. During 4 consecutive years, heart ra...
Purpose::
The relationship between various training load (TL) measures in professional cycling is not well explored. This study investigates the relationship between mechanical energy spent (in kJ), sRPE, LuTRIMP and TSS in training, races and time trials (TT).
Methods::
From 4 consecutive years field data was collected from 21 professional cycl...
Background: Efforts are needed to improve antidoping procedures. The widespread use of power meters among cyclists could help in this regard. However, controversy exists on whether performance monitoring through power-output data could be of help for antidoping purposes. Purpose: The objective of the present study was to provide insight into the fe...
Purpose : To describe and compare the race characteristics, demands, and durability profile of a male and a female Grand Tour winner. Methods : Overall and stage-type-specific (ie, time trials, flat, semimountainous, and mountain) demands and race characteristics during 2 Grand Tours were determined and compared between the female and male cyclists...
Purpose : To investigate how cycling time-trial (TT) performance changes over a cycling season, both in a “fresh” state and in a “fatigued” state (durability). Additionally, the aim was to explore whether these changes are related to changes in underlying physiological factors such as gross efficiency, energy expenditure (EE), and substrate oxidati...
Background:
This study investigates if countries are more focused on certain specializations (one day, climb, sprint, time trial [TT] and grand tour [GC]) in male professional road cycling and if this is possibly linked to the countries landscape (for example, does a mountainous country have more climbers?) and anthropometric characteristics (does...
Purpose
To determine if post-exercise heart rate variability, in the form of logged transformed root mean square of successive differences of the R–R intervals (LnRMSSD) can be measured reliably during the recovery from a submaximal cycle test and what the relationship of LnRMSSD is with training status of the cyclists.
Methods
Fourteen male cycli...
Background:
Elite sport is continuously evolving. World records keep falling and athletes from a longer list of countries are involved.
Purpose:
This commentary was designed to provide insights into present and future trends associated with world-class endurance training based on the perspectives, experience, and knowledge of an expert panel of...
This study aims to investigate the presence of the relative age effect (RAE) in (semi-)professional cycling, especially within selecting cyclists for Continental (CT) development teams. Data were collected from www.procyclingstats.com (PCS). Cyclists out of the top-25 countries of the PCS ranking that were part of a CT team between 2005 and 2016 an...
This study is governed by two aims: firstly, expanding the meagre knowledge store regarding the demands set by professional female road cycling and, secondly, ascertaining whether these demands vary in relation to different race‐levels and race duration (single‐ or multi‐day events). A total of 1349 female professional road races was analysed and d...
Introduction:
Maximal mean power output (MMP) is commonly used to describe the demands and performances of races in professional male cycling. In the female professional cyclist domain, however, there is limited knowledge regarding MMPs in races. Therefore, this study aimed to describe MMPs in female professional cycling races while investigating...
Purpose:
To present normative data for the record power profile of male professional cyclists attending to team categories and riding typologies.
Methods:
Power output data registered from 4 professional teams during 8 years (N = 144 cyclists, 129,262 files, and 1062 total seasons [7 (5) per cyclist] corresponding to both training and competitio...
Purpose:
To describe the record power profile of professional female cyclists and to assess potential differences based on the type of rider.
Methods:
Power output data (32,028 files containing both training and competition sessions recorded) in 44 female professional cyclists during 1-6 years were analyzed. Cyclists were categorized as all-roun...
Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to assess the validity of the outdoor use two commercially available bicycle-mounted static pitot tubes (BMPT), viz the Notio KonectTM [NK] and AeropodTM [AP]. Three different experiments were conducted by comparing wind tunnel speed to the measured wind speed by both BMPTs. The sensors are tested, firstly, in...
Purpose:
To determine if workload and seasonal periods (preseason vs in season) are associated with the incidence of injuries and illnesses in female professional cyclists.
Methods:
Session rating of perceived exertion was used to quantify internal workload and was collected from 15 professional female cyclists, from 33 athlete seasons. One week...
This study aimed to investigate whether (semi-)professional cyclists’ execution of a training program differs from the coach’s designed training program. Also, the study sought to ascertain, in instances where the training sessions were indeed executed as designed by the coach, whether the perception of the cyclists differed from the intention of t...
A methodology to study bike handling of cyclists during individual time trials (ITT) is presented. Lateral and longitudinal accelerations were estimated from GPS data of professional cyclists (n=53) racing in two ITT of different length and technical content. Acceleration points were plotted on a plot (g-g diagram) and they were enclosed in an elli...
Introduction: This study evaluates the power profile of a top-5 result achieved within World Tour cycling races of varying types, namely: flat sprint finish (FLAT), semi-mountain race with a sprint finish (SMsprint), semi-mountain race with uphill finish (SMuphill) and mountain races (MT).
Methods: Power output data from 33 professional cyclists w...
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate if performance measures are related to success in professional cycling and to highlight the influence of work done on these performance measures and success.
Methods: Power output data from 26 professional cyclists, in total 85 seasons, collected between 2012-2019, were analysed. The cyclists were clas...
Elite level cycling events are performed at speeds in excess of 50 km/h. At these speeds, over 90% of the resistance forces come from aerodynamic resistance (C D A). Recently bicycle‐mounted pitot tubes, such as the Notio Konect (NK) have become more commercially available making C D A easier to measure. Its reliability and sensitivity would be use...
Purpose:
To describe the intensity, load, and performance characteristics of a world-class sprinter competing in the Tour de France (TdF).
Method:
Power output (PO) data were collected from 4 editions of the TdF (2013, 2014, 2016, and 2017) and analyzed. Load, intensity distribution in 5 PO zones, and the maximal mean PO for multiple durations w...
Purpose:
To describe the performance and tactical sprint characteristics of a world-class sprinter competing in the Tour de France. In addition, differences in the sprint tactics of 2 teams and won versus lost sprints are highlighted.
Method:
Power output (PO) and video footage of 21 sprints were analyzed. Position in the peloton and number of t...
The session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) method was developed 25 years ago as a modification of the Borg concept of rating of perceived exertion (RPE), designed to estimate the intensity of an entire training session. It appears to be well accepted as a marker of the internal training load. Early studies demonstrated that sRPE correlated wel...
Background:
A variety of intensity, load, and performance measures (eg, "power profile") have been used to characterize the demands of professional cycling races with differing stage types. An increased understanding of the characteristics of these races could provide valuable insight for practitioners toward the design of training strategies to o...
This study analyses the influence of race category and result on the demands of professional cycling races. In total, 2920 race files were collected from 20 male professional cyclists, within a variety of race categories: Single-day (1.WT) and multi-day (2.WT) World Tour races, single-day (1.HC) and multi-day (2.HC ) Hors Catégorie races and single...
Introduction: The aim of this study was to present the load, intensity and performance characteristics of a general classification (GC) contender during multiple grand tours (GTs). This study also investigated which factors influence climbing performance.
Methods: Power output (PO) data were collected from a GC contender from the Vuelta a España 2...
The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is an important measure of exercise intensity, which is useful both as a primary and adjunctive method of exercise prescription. However, there are multiple variants of
the Borg RPE scale, primarily the Borg 6-20 RPE scale (BORG-RPE) and the Borg Category-Ratio-10 scale (BORG-CR10). There are inadequate data a...
Purpose:
To describe the training intensity and load characteristics of professional cyclists using a 4-year retrospective analysis. Particularly, this study aimed to describe the differences in training characteristics between men and women professional cyclists.
Method:
For 4 consecutive years, training data were collected from 20 male and 10...
Purpose: The session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) is a well-accepted method of monitoring training load in athletes in many different sports. It is based on the category-ratio (0–10) RPE scale (BORG-CR10) developed by Borg. There is no evidence how substitution of the Borg 6–20 RPE scale (BORG-RPE) might influence the sRPE in athletes. Metho...
Professional sports are developing towards increasingly scientific training methods with increasing amounts of data being collected from laboratory tests, training sessions and competitions. In cycling, it is standard to equip bicycles with small computers recording data from sensors such as power-meters, in addition to heart-rate, speed, altitude...
Before the influence of divergent factors on gross efficiency (GE) [the ratio of mechanical power output (PO) to metabolic power input (PI)] can be assessed, the variation in GE between days, i.e. the test-retest reliability, and the within day variation needs to be known. Physically active males (n = 18) performed a maximal incremental exercise te...