Tetsunari Nishiyama

Nippon Sport Science University

Background: Sprint interval training (SIT) improves maximal aerobic and anaerobic performance, including oxygen uptake (VO2 max ), power output, and sprint performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SIT load on V̇O 2max in trained subjects. Methods: SIT was performed twice a week for three weeks by twenty-four trained men (aged:...

Crank power is produced by extension and flexion of the hip and knee joints during steady-state pedaling below 120 rpm. Despite the pedaling cadence exceeding 120 rpm during track cycling, the power production strategy for lower-limb coordination above 120 rpm is unknown. This study aimed to assess the effects of various pedaling cadences on the po...

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between power-oriented genetic polymorphisms and weightlifting status, create a total genotype score (TGS), and validate the association between TGS models and power-oriented athletes. First, 192 weightlifters and 416 controls were studied, and 12 polymorphisms that have previously been associated wi...

This study aimed to examine the relationship between the pedal force application technique under a specific competitive condition and the ability to perform steady-state pedaling at a supramaximal cadence during a special pedaling test. A total of 15 competitive male cyclists and 13 active, healthy men (novice cyclists, hereafter, novices) performe...

Objective: In Para-cycling competitions, cyclists with amputation of one-leg and no prosthesis, i.e., Division Cycle, Sport Class C2, perform pedaling movement on bicycle by unilateral leg. The purpose of this study was to describe neuromuscular activation of lower extremity muscles in two cyclists with single leg amputation and one cyclist with t...

Objectives: This study aimed to show that ingesting egg white hydrolyzate (EWH) could improve antioxidant capacity and reduce mental fatigue. Two clinical trials were conducted to examine the antioxidant capacity and the fatigue reduction function of EWH. In Study 1, 19 athlete students were received a single dose of EWH (5 g/day) or placebo. In S...

Pedalling skills are evaluated using the total negative effective force (TNEF) that occurs in the pulling phase (180―360° of crank rotation when 0° is top dead center). The aim of this study was to obtain data that might help cyclists to reduce TNEF and thus improve pedalling skills. We examined the relationship between TNEF and lower joint moments...

Homma, H, Kobatake, N, Sekimoto, Y, Saito, M, Mochizuki, Y, Okamoto, T, Nakazato, K, Nishiyama, T, and Kikuchi, N. Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor rs41274853 polymorphism is associated with weightlifting performance in Japanese weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-At least 69 genetic markers are associated with power athlete...

We aimed to investigate neuromuscular activation of thigh muscles during track cycling at various speeds. Eight male competitive cyclists volunteered to participate in this study. Surface electromyography of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and adductor magnus muscles of the bilateral legs was recorded during track cycling on velodromes with a...

Sprint exercise and hypoxic stimulus during exercise are potent factors affecting hormonal and metabolic responses. However, the effects of different hypoxic levels on hormonal and metabolic responses during sprint exercise are not known. Here, we examined the effect of different hypoxic conditions on hormonal and metabolic responses during sprint...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the whole body reaction time as the motor ability measurements items for preschool children. The 221 boys and 210 girls of preschool children and 57 males performed five trials of the whole body reaction time. The preschool children were sorted 12 groups by age in every six months and sex...

To estimate the effects of changes in body posture on sudomotor function, sweat rates on the forearm, chest and thigh, tympanic temperature (Tty), and skin temperatures were recorded in an upright sitting and a supine position under a hot environment of 40 degrees C Ta and 40% relative humidity for 60 min. Sweat expulsions were identified on sweat...

We examined the effects of repeated artificial CO2 (1,000 ppm) bathing on tympanic temperature (T ty), cutaneous blood flow, and thermal sensation in six healthy males. Each subject was immersed in CO2-rich water at a temperature of 34°C up to the level of the diaphragm for 20 min. The CO2-rich water was prepared using a multi-layered composite hol...

We studied how facial fanning during hyperthermia improves the thermal comfort sensation. Experiments were carried out on ten male subjects. They were immersed in hot water at 40 degrees C for 45 min. At 20 min and 35 min, fanning (1 m x s(-1)) was applied to their faces for 5 min. Core temperature (Tc) measured as esophageal temperature (Tes) and...

We studied how facial fanning during hyperthermia improves the thermal comfort sensation. Experiments were carried out on ten male subjects. They were immersed in hot water at 40°C for 45 min. At 20 min and 35 min, fanning (1 m·s–1) was applied to their faces for 5 min. Core temperature (T c) measured as esophageal temperature (T es) and tympanic t...

Sweat secretion from individual sweat glands on the human sole was observed in four male subjects by using a videomicroscope and correlated with sudomotor neural activity recorded from the tibial nerve by means of microneurography. Individual sweat glands could be distinguished as active, less active and inactive according to the incidence of sweat...

This review focuses on the endocrine responses to thermal stimuli during passive heat or cold exposure, with particular reference to the relation of these responses to the changes in the body core temperature (T core). Mild to moderate hyperthermia (<1°C rise in T core) induces the release of growth hormone and prolactin (PRL). Moderate hypothermia...

Eccrine sweat glands are innervated by postganglionic cholinergic fibers. Activities of these fibers, which can be percutaneously recorded as multiunit burst activities using a microelectrode technique, are controlled by central mechanisms. There are two distinctive central mechanisms for sweating. The central mechanism that governs the sweat gland...

The effects of the materials and the yarn structures for active sportswear on thermoregulatory responses were compared among the four samples (polyester / cotton=100 / 0% or 50 / 50%). The subjects wearing T-shirt and short-pants ran on a treadmill with 60%Vo_2max for 30min with a wind (3m / sec) at 32℃, 70%RH. The rise of body temperature during t...

Skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA) was recorded in seven male subjects from the peroneal nerve by microneurography, and the temporal correspondence of spontaneously occurring SSNA bursts with vasodilatation and sweating responses on the dorsal foot was studied during a mild body heating at rest. Some SSNA bursts were followed by a sweat expulsi...