Terry Tudor

The University of Northampton | UN · Faculty of Arts, Science and Technology

Multiple activities carried out on coastal areas expose marine sediments to contamination and their management has a great socio-economic importance with a high impact on economic development of coastal areas. However, there is an increasing shift towards the use of more sustainable approaches for managing ‘contaminated’ sediments. Using a case stu...

Using published data, this study examined differences in pollutant levels in the leachate between landfills and dumpsites in Africa, Asia and Latin America. It is the first to focus on the impacts of climate and the age of the site on the pollutants in these continents, from a holistic perspective. Differences between geographical regions were limi...

As economies grow in developing countries, waste generation rates are increasing steadily [1]. [...]

Due largely to economic development, industrialization, and changing lifestyles, quantity of hazardous waste in India is rising significantly. This is particularly true in mega cities, where populations are large and growing. Due to a range of factors including limitations in governance systems, inadequate treatment facilities, limitations in compl...

The disposal of municipal solid waste into primarily dumpsites in developing countries causes a number of potential public and environmental health risks. While there have been various studies that have evaluated the contaminants that cause the risks, these studies have generally not examined in a holistic way the manner in which these contaminants...

Healthcare waste (HCW) represents a major public health issue, especially in developing countries. Among HCW categories, sharps waste is one of the most hazardous. Exposure to needle-stick injuries can lead to blood-borne pathogens, therefore HCW should be managed in an effective manner. The main aims of this study were to assess the current manage...

Purpose The management of public health risks is a key focus for the European Union. One of the key factors that has been shown to pose a public health risk is that of the management of needles from healthcare facilities. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Using audits of two case study hospitals based in northern...

Given rising spend on the provision of healthcare services, the sustainable management of waste from healthcare facilities is increasingly becoming a focus as a means of reducing public health risks and financial costs. Using data on per capita healthcare spend at the national level, as well as a case study of a hospital in Italy, this study examin...

The choice of fuel for cooking, particularly in rural areas, can lead to significant socio-economic and environmental impacts amongst households. Using the Logone Valley on the border between Chad and Cameroon as the case study region, this study sought to evaluate appropriate cooking technologies for the case study region. Several alternatives to...

In Europe, there are an increasing number of policy and legislative drivers for a more sustainable approach to the management of natural resources as well as for the mitigation of environmental health risks. However, despite significant progress in recent years, there is still some way to go to achieve circularity of process, as well as risk mitiga...

Across higher education institutions there has, for some time, been a growing move towards incorporation of the concepts of sustainability into the policies and practices of the organisations. Using the University of Northampton, in the United Kingdom as a case study, this project aimed to understand the efficacy of student engagement with a sustai...

The health and social care sector in the UK faces a number of overarching headwinds in the short and medium term. These include, but are not limited to the National Health Service (NHS) meeting efficiency savings, shifts in the point of provision of healthcare services, an ageing population, managing pandemics and epidemics, changes in the types of...

Globally, consumption and production levels have risen markedly in recent decades. These rises have led to costs/externalities (e.g., pollution and production of waste). Environmental regulations are employed as a means of controlling and managing these externalities. Using Germany, Italy, Brazil and the UK as case study countries, this study sough...

Through their decision-making processes, organisations can play a key role in addressing global environmental challenges. However, to be effective, these processes need to be based on evidence. This paper aims to evaluate the ‘optimum’ healthcare waste treatment technology, using a National Health Service organisation in the East Midlands region of...

Sweden faces a number of environmental challenges. Municipalities can play an important role in managing these challenges. Using interviews with 13 municipalities in the county of Östergötland, the manner via which environmental visions and strategies were developed and implemented, and the challenges were explored. Differences were found in the ef...

Health-care waste management requires technical, financial and human resources, and it is a challenge for low- and middle income countries, while it is often neglected in protracted crisis or emergency situations. Indeed, when health, safety, security or wellbeing of a community is threatened, solid waste management usually receives limited attenti...

The healthcare sector has a relevant environmental footprint because of the significant materials throughput, the hazardousness of certain wastes it generates and the energy intensive treatment necessary to manage them. Using semi-structured interviews carried out with stakeholders from hospitals in England and Italy, this study sought to understan...

The need for a more sustainable approach to the management of resources is a key focus for all stakeholders, including organisations. Using a range of qualitative and quantitative approaches within a UK case study construction company, this paper examines the key underlying factors impacting on corporate pro-environmental behaviour. The findings in...

The development of strategies to encourage more sustainable approaches to resource consumption is a key global challenge. This is particularly the case within rapidly developing countries such as India, due to rapid urbanisation, population growth and resource consumption. Using households in the Southeastern Indian city of Chennai as the case stud...

The revised Waste Framework Directive requires EU Member States to recycle 50% of their household waste by 2020. This study of 48 English authorities from five regions, between 2008/09 and 2012/13, analysed whether the national 50% target was likely to be achieved by 2020 and also investigated the main barriers and possible solutions for local auth...

The National Health Service (NHS) in the UK, is one of the largest organisations in Europe and indeed the world. It therefore has a significant ecological footprint. As a result there are key corporate, financial and environmental targets that the organisation is expected to meet as a means of reducing resource consumption. Using a case study appro...

Significant differences exist in the management of health-care waste management, globally. This is particularly so between low, middle and high-income countries. A systematic review of scientific literature on global healthcare waste management spanning the period 2000 - current was undertaken, in order to identify key policies, practices, challeng...

Voluntary and community sector organisations are increasingly being viewed as key agents of change in the shifts towards the concepts of resource efficiency and circular economy, at the community level. Using a meta-analysis and questionnaire surveys across three towns in the East Midlands of England, namely Northampton, Milton Keynes and Luton, th...

Enhancing the sustainability of the management of waste from Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) is becoming an increasingly important issue, globally. Using the University of the West Indies (UWI), Cave Hill campus, in Barbados as the case study HEI, and a combination of questionnaires, key informant interviews and waste audits, the study aimed...

The management of waste from healthcare facilities can potentially pose a significant risk. In the UK, there are a number of increasingly stringent pieces of legislation and policies to mitigate against these risks. Using the taxonomy of organisational change (Vuuren, 1998), this study evaluated the inherent risks within the reported practices and...

The development of skills for social enterprise is a key learning outcome in UK higher education. Using semi-structured interviews and questionnaires with students at the University of Northampton, this study aimed to examine the key factors that impacted upon student engagement with social entrepreneurship. The study showed that while levels of en...

The sustainable management of waste requires a holistic approach involving a range of stakeholders. What can often be difficult is to understand the manner in which different types of stakeholder networks are composed and work, and how best to enhance their effectiveness. Using social network analysis and stakeholder analysis of healthcare waste ma...

Recent decades have witnessed a major increase in structured recycling services offered to households across the developed world, in large part providing a kerbside pick-up of materials for recycling in addition to waste destined for landfill sites. Yet despite these service improvements, local authorities still face major challenges in reducing th...

The concepts of sustainability have, for some decades now, increasingly been employed to mitigate key socioeconomic and environmental challenges globally. As one of the largest organisations in the world, the National Health Service can play a significant role in the UK achieving these concepts. This paper explores some of the issues associated wit...

Recent years have seen an increasing number of councils begin separate food waste collections from domestic premises, a change that has resulted in householders having to sort food waste and keep it in separate bins until collection. Yet bins – of any kind – have been subject to little investigation, despite being a central element of the waste inf...

Strategies for enhancing environmental management are a key focus for the government in the UK. Using a manufacturing company from the construction sector as a case study, this paper evaluates selected interventionist techniques, including environmental teams, awareness raising and staff training to improve environmental performance. The study empl...

Household waste is a major environmental problem in Cameroon. In order to know the composition, distribution and quantities generated in the high, medium and low income residential areas (HIRA, MIRA and LIRA) of Douala, a waste composition study based on seasonality (February and April of 2008) was undertaken. In the waste composition study, we fou...

This paper examines the drivers for and strategies employed in the implementation of climate change mitigation at the organisational level. The study employed a desk-based survey of the environmental policies of selected companies worldwide from a range of sectors including the energy, commercial, financial and educational sectors. The findings sug...

In 2007, in England, the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) published Waste Strategy 2007 for England. To help drive the required behaviour change for increased sustainable practice the Government in England signalled up in the Strategy the intention to launch a Zero Waste Places (ZWP) initiative to develop innovative and exe...

The management of municipal waste is one of the most emotive local environmental issues in the UK at present and represents a key sustainability “battleground” as local authorities seek to reduce waste arisings and encourage the reuse and recycling of materials among households. Within the literature on household waste management, a broad range of...

The effective management of healthcare associated infections (HCAIs) is a priority within the healthcare setting due to their impact on health outcomes and costs. This study explored the socio-psychological and situational variables that influenced the prevention and control of infections within the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK, with a p...

This study aimed to evaluate waste management practices in three case study NHS Trusts in England and the potential risks of the spread of pathogens causing healthcare associated infections (HCAIs). Using a combination of microbiological techniques, interviews and questionnaire surveys, four target microbes were studied, namely: meticillin resistan...

Castlereagh Borough Council (Castlereagh BC) borders with Belfast in the east of Northern Ireland and serves a population of approximately 67,500. There are approximately 28,500 properties in the borough and 80% of households lie within urban areas. In 2007/8, Castlereagh BC had a household waste recycling and composting rate of 37.69%. In 2007/8,...

Since the creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom in 1948 there have been significant changes in the way waste materials produced by healthcare facilities have been managed due to a number of environmental, legal and social drivers. This paper reviews the key changes in legislation and healthcare waste management that ha...

This paper reviews the current generation and management of healthcare waste in the United Kingdom, with a focus on that produced from healthcare provision in the National Health Service. While the current capacities of large-scale off-site treatment systems are adequate, there are a number of logistical factors that must be considered in future. T...

This chapter examines links between the management of waste and its impacts on climactic changes due in part to rising consumption levels. Differences between greenhouse gas emissions from developed and developing countries are examined, including the contributions of the 20 highest emitting countries between the period of 1950-2000, including that...

Changes in environmental legislation and standards governing healthcare waste, such as the Hazardous Waste Regulations are expected to have a significant impact on healthcare waste quantities and costs in England and Wales. This paper presents findings from two award winning case study organizations, the Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust and the Cornwall...

Land use planning for facilities has become a key issue in England as previously, prolonged disputes in proceedings, due to public opposition, has meant that waste management facilities have taken an excessive period of time to be completed and start operating. This research identifies the impact of relatively recently introduced Regulations on the...

This paper explores the effectiveness of employing the concepts of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental citizenship in the management of healthcare waste in England and Wales. The study employed interviews and literature surveys of four award winning case study National Health Service (NHS) Trusts in both countries. The paper dis...

The quantities of waste generated by the healthcare sector in the United Kingdom (UK) have been shown to be amongst the highest in Europe. Based on a case study undertaken within the Cornwall NHS (National Health Service) in the UK, this paper reports on the results of waste minimisation trials. The schemes were able to achieve significant waste re...

This paper examines strategies for improving recycling behaviour within the Cornwall National Health Service (NHS). Using quantitative (questionnaires and waste bin analyses) and qualitative (ethnography and interviews) methodologies, the study examined the waste management practices of staff from the Cornwall NHS. It was found that employee partic...

This paper examines the nature of the relationship between sustainable waste management behaviour between the 'home' and 'work' settings. A questionnaire survey of 566 employees of the Cornwall NHS (National Health Service) was used to examine the nature of the behaviour between the two settings and to understand the main factors influencing the be...

This article is concerned with the development of a conceptual framework of the key antecedents that lead to sustainable environmental behavior amongst employees within a large organizational setting. A range of quantitative and qualitative methods was employed in the study to examine behavior. Using the Cornwall National Health Service (NHS) in th...

This paper examines the main factors which link intended behaviour and actions to sustainably manage waste from, within a large organisational setting in the UK. A quantitative study of 566 employees from the Cornwall NHS and waste bin analyses were employed to examine the difference between intended behaviour and actions. Regression analyses demon...

A number of studies have shown the importance of accurate base line data as a basis for the development of more sustainable environmental policies. The role of this paper is to propose a standardised per capita unit that could be utilised to measure healthcare waste generation patterns across a range of both patient and non-patient departments. Bas...

The East London Community Recycling Partnership (ELCRP) food waste scheme serves 3 014 dwellings per week in the Borough of Hackney, London. Over the summer and autumn of 2006 it was estimated that on average 439 dwellings set out material every week (14.55%) diverting 1.1 tonnes of food waste into recycling per week. Further research indicates tha...

Within recent times EIPs (eco-industrial parks) have been touted as one approach through which companies can network to reduce their waste, recover value and achieve economies of scale in their production processes. Using a literature review this study undertakes an assessment of EIPs. The review covers their conceptual grounding, development and a...

This paper is concerned with an examination of the key socio-economic, institutional and environmental factors that influence sustainable waste management within an organisational setting. The case study employed an ethnographic study and a quantitative survey of employees in the Cornwall National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK) . T...

This paper looks at steps taken towards the development of a 10-year strategy for the management of healthcare waste from the National Health Service (NHS) in Cornwall, United Kingdom. The major issues and challenges that affect the management of waste by the NHS, including its organisational structure and collection infrastructure, are outlined. T...

This study was aimed to evaluate the key biochemical mechanisms that occur within a reed bed system or constructed wetland during the treatment of landfill leachate. Soil respirations, dehydrogenase activities and urease activities within a horizontal subsurface flow reed bed were extensively examined to determine these mechanisms. Variations in bi...

The authors (who are academics in Waste Management) acknowledge that it is advantageous to have a research proposal subjected to rigorous checking (by the ethical approval process), and that the support of the REC strengthens the credibility and validity of evidence-based research. However, in criticising the 'protracted' process they refer to the...