
Terry W HenkelCalifornia State Polytechnic University
Terry W Henkel
PhD
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188
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (188)
Much of our previous work documenting fungal biodiversity in Guyana has been centered in forests of Dicymbe corymbosa Spruce ex Benth., which forms monodominant stands in the white sands region of Guyana. In order to begin to assess fungal biodiversity associated with other ectomycorrhizal host trees found in Guyana, expeditions were conducted to a...
Species of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) family Cortinariaceae (Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) have long been considered impoverished or absent from lowland tropical rainforests. Several decades of collecting in forests dominated by ECM trees in South America's Guiana Shield is countering this view, with discovery of numerous Cortinariaceae...
Indigenous societies are known to have occupied the Amazon basin for more than 12,000 years, but the scale of their influence on Amazonian forests remains uncertain. We report the discovery, using LIDAR (light detection and ranging) information from across the basin, of 24 previously undetected
pre-Columbian earthworks beneath the forest canopy. Mo...
The Neotropics have recently emerged as an important region for studies of tropical ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Specific neotropical areas with high ECM host tree densities have ECM fungal diversities rivaling those of higher-latitude forests. Some forests of the Guiana Shield are dominated by endemic ECM trees of the Fabaceae, including species o...
The tropics were long considered to have few ectomycorrhizal fungi, presumably due to a paucity of ectomycorrhizal host plants relative to higher-latitude ecosystems. However, an increase in research in tropical regions over the past 30 years has greatly expanded knowledge about the occurrence of tropical ectomycorrhizal fungi. To assess their broa...
Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here we used high‐resolution sequencing to assess endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas...
The biogeography of neotropical fungi remains poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct the origins and diversification of neotropical lineages in one of the largest clades of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the globally widespread family Russulaceae.
We inferred a supertree of 3285 operational taxonomic units, representing worldwide internal transcribed sp...
Nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS barcode) sequence data from eight type specimens of previously described Squamanita species were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS and partial nuc 28S rDNA data revealed Squamanita as paraphyletic splitting into two monophyletic groups, which we recognize as the genera Squamanita...
Polydiscidium is an enigmatic, monotypic, and rarely reported genus of Ascomycota of uncertain placement. The morphologically unique Polydiscidium martynii grows on dead wood and forms compound ascomata composed of thick, black, gelatinous somatic tissue that branches out from a common base. Multiple apothecia are located on the branches, mostly to...
Brasilioporus olivaceoflavidus, gen. et sp. nov., Brasilioporus simoniarum, sp. nov., Neotropicomus australis, gen. et sp. nov., and Nevesoporus nigrostipitatus, gen. et sp. nov. (Boletaceae, Boletales, Basidiomycota), are described from the endangered Atlantic Forest biome of eastern Brazil. New combinations into these new genera are proposed for...
Fungi play pivotal roles in ecosystem functioning, but little is known about their global patterns of diversity, endemicity, vulnerability to global change drivers and conservation priority areas. We applied the high-resolution PacBio sequencing technique to identify fungi based on a long DNA marker that revealed a high proportion of hitherto unkno...
Mushroom‐forming fungi are important sources of food and medicine in many regions of the world, and their development and health are known to depend on various microbes. Recent studies have examined the structure of mushroom‐inhabiting bacterial (MIB) communities and their association with local environmental variables, but global‐scale diversity a...
Ectomycorrhizal tree species may benefit from positive plant-soil feedbacks, where soil environments near adult trees enhance conspecific seedling growth and survival. In tropical monodominant forests, seedling survival is particularly important, as seedling banks help maintain stand-level dominance over generations. Positive plant-soil feedbacks m...
Descriptions of and a key to the globally known species of the genus Laxitextum are provided. A new species from Cameroon, Laxitextum globisporum, is described.
Four epitypes and three new species of Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) are described from Guineo-Congolian rainforests of Cameroon. Amanita echinulata, A. fulvopulverulenta, A. robusta, and A. bingensis are epitypified based on collections that are the first since the species were described nearly a century ago. Mor...
Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia...
In this new series of Fungal Biodiversity Profiles, the authors describe three new Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) based on morphology, viz. Corethromyces gibbosus W. Rossi & Santam., sp. nov., C. marshallii W. Rossi & Santam., sp. nov. and Diphymyces torresii W. Rossi & Santam., sp. nov. In Agaricomycotina (Basidiomycota), morphological features and m...
Six species of Entoloma ( Entolomataceae , Agaricales , Basidiomycota ) are described from recent Cameroonian collections: E. bisterigmatum , E. brunneoloaurantiacum , E. djaense , E. intricatum , E. versiforme , and E. parvistellatum . These species occur in tropical rainforests dominated by ectomycorrhizal trees in the genera Gilbertiodendron and...
Tropical rainforests form the most species-rich biome on the earth. The Dja Biosphere Reserve (DBR) in Cameroon is a biodiverse tropical forest characterized in part by upland monodominant stands of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) Gilbertiodendron dewevrei and ECM Uapaca spp. scattered along river banks. This mostly primary Guineo-Congolian evergreen for...
Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tr...
In Guyana, we examined temporal variability and ecological consequences of seed‐based reproduction in the ectomycorrhizal, monodominant leguminous canopy tree Dicymbe corymbosa using an extensive 2003–2017 dataset encompassing two masting events. Annual seed output, predation and nutrient investment were recorded in primary D. corymbosa forests. Se...
Cantharellus densifolius and C. luteopunctatus are epitypified on the basis of recently collected specimens from the Central African rain forest that correspond in every way to their respective original descriptions. Sequences obtained from these new collections demonstrate that both epitypes represent distinct species that belong in different subc...
Animal-fungal interactions 3: first report of mycophagy by the African Brush-tailed Porcupine Atherurus africanus Gray, 1842 (Mammalia: Rodentia: Hystricidae)
Professor Martha Christensen, an international leader in fungal systematics and ecology, died on 19 March 2017. Martha was a professor of mycology in the Department of Botany at the University of Wyoming in Laramie. A recognized expert on the ecology and systematics of soil-dwelling fungi, Professor Martha Christensen’s 85 years were filled with st...
Cantharellus isabellinus is epitypified and discussed on the basis of multiple new collections from the African rain forest. These are the first collections since this species was described more than half a century ago. Phylogenetic analysis of tef-1 sequence data confirm placement of C. isabellinus in C. subg. Rubrinus sect. Isabellinus for which...
New species of Amanita subgen. Lepidella are described from Guyana. Amanita cyanochlorinosma sp. nov., Amanita fulvoalba sp. nov., and Amanita guyanensis sp. nov. represent the latest additions to the growing body of newly described ectomycorrhizal fungi native to Dicymbe-dominated tropical rainforests. Macro- and micromorphological characters, hab...
Gyroporus (Gyroporaceae, Boletales) is a highly diverse genus of poroid ectomycorrhizal mushrooms with a nearly worldwide distribution. Previous attempts to unravel the diversity within this genus proved difficult due to the presence of semicryptic species and ambiguous results from analysis of ribosomal RNA markers. In this study, we employ a comb...
Belongs to paper Species Distribution Modelling: Contrasting presence-only models with plot abundance data by Gomes et al.
Comparing the results of modelling the area of occupancy with MaxEnt and with inverse distance weighting (IDW).
Analysis results for the predicted area of occupancy as calculated by Maxent and IDW methods. The analyses were conducted for 170 of all 227 hyperdominant species that had MaxEnt’s predicted environmental suitability significantly differ...
Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in ecology and conservation. Presence-only SDMs such as MaxEnt frequently use natural history collections (NHCs) as occurrence data, given their huge numbers and accessibility. NHCs are often spatially biased which may generate inaccuracies in SDMs. Here, we test how the distribution of NHCs and Ma...
Ongoing surveys of macrofungi in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest ecoregion continue to uncover a diverse assemblage of ectomycorrhizal fungi. A new species of Boletaceae, Singerocomus atlanticus sp. nov., is described. Singerocomus rubriflavus, previously known only from Guyana, is recorded for the first time from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phylo...
Two new species in the genus Auritella (Inocybaceae) are described as new from tropical rainforest in Cameroon. Descriptions, photographs, line drawings, and a worldwide taxonomic key to the described species of Auritella are presented. Phylogenetic analysis of 28S rDNA and rpb2 nucleotide sequence data suggests at least five phylogenetic species t...
The ending of dual nomenclatural systems for pleomorphic fungi in 2011 requires the reconciliation of competing names, ideally linked through culture based or molecular methods. The phylogenetic systematics of Hypocreales and its many genera have received extensive study in the last two decades, however resolution of competing names in Cordycipitac...
Temperate ectomycorrhizal ( ECM ) fungi show segregation whereby some species dominate in organic layers and others favor mineral soils. Weak layering in tropical soils is hypothesized to decrease niche space and therefore reduce the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
The Neotropical ECM tree Dicymbe corymbosa forms monodominant stands and has a d...
The extent to which pre-Columbian societies altered Amazonian landscapes is hotly debated. We performed a basin-wide analysis of pre-Columbian impacts on Amazonian forests by overlaying known archaeological sites in Amazonia with the distributions and abundances of 85 woody species domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples. Domesticated species are fiv...
Background
Armillaria is a globally distributed mushroom-forming genus composed primarily of plant pathogens. Species in this genus are prolific producers of rhizomorphs, or vegetative structures, which, when found, are often associated with infection. Because of their importance as plant pathogens, understanding the evolutionary origins of this ge...
Kombocles bakaiana gen. sp. nov. is described as new to science. This sequestrate,
partially hypogeous fungus was collected around and within the stilt root system of an ectomycorrhizal
(ECM) tree of the genus Uapaca (Phyllanthaceae) in a Guineo-Congolian mixed tropical rainforest in
Cameroon. Molecular data place this fungus in Boletaceae (Boletal...
Abstract – Cantharellus miniatescens is lectotypified. An epitype sequenced for four gene
regions (LSU, mitSSU, RPB2 and Tef1-alpha) is selected among recent collections from
Cameroon and Central African Republic and fully described and illustrated. Complete ITS
sequences have been deposited as barcodes. The systematic position is determined using...
A new genus and three new species of Agaricales are described from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana in the central Guiana Shield. All three of these new species fruit on the ground in association with species of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree genus Dicymbe (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae) and one species has been shown to form ectomycorrhizas....
This work reports on four species of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tooth fungus genusSarcodon(Bankeraceae, Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) recently discovered in the Colombian Amazon.Sarcodon colombiensissp. nov.,Sarcodon rufobrunneussp. nov.,Sarcodon pallidogriseussp. nov. andSarcodon bairdiisp. nov. are described as new to science. These fungi occur in...
The sequestrate false truf es Elaphomyces favosus, E. iuppitercellus, and E. labyrinthinus spp. nov. are described as new to science from the Dja Biosphere Reserve, Cameroon. Elaphomyces adamizans sp. nov. is described as new from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana. The Cameroonian species are the rst Elaphomyces taxa to be formally described from A...
Binderoboletus segoi gen. and sp. nov., Guyanaporus albipodus gen. and sp. nov. and Singerocomus rubriflavus gen. and sp. nov. (Boletaceae, Boletales, Basidiomycota) are described from the Pakaraima Mountains and adjacent lowlands of Guyana. Xerocomus inundabilis, originally described from the central Brazilian Amazon and based solely on the type c...
Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to
show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened...
Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened...
Jimtrappea guyanensis gen. sp. nov., Castellanea pakaraimophila gen. sp. nov., and Costatisporus cyanescens gen. sp. nov. are described as new to science. These sequestrate, hypogeous fungi were collected in Guyana under closed canopy tropical forests in association with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) host tree genera Dicymbe (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioid...
Five new species from Cortinarius sect. Cortinarius are formally described, four from the Americas (Corti-narius palatinus Harrower, sp. nov., Cortinarius atrotomentosus Harrower, sp. nov., Cortinarius altissimus Harrower & T.W. Henkel, sp. nov., Cortinarius neotropicus Harrower, sp. nov.) and one from Australasia (Cortinarius carneipallidus Harrow...
We present a multigene phylogeny (partial nuc rDNA and RPB2) of Cortinarius sect. Cortinarius (i.e. the C. violaceus group), which reveals eight species distributed in Europe, Australasia, South America, Central America and North America. Relaxed molecular clock analyses suggested that diversification began during the Miocene, thus rejecting more a...
Four species of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) genus Sarcodon (Bankeraceae, Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) are described as new to science. Sarcodon pakaraimensis sp. nov. is described from forests dominated by the ECM trees Pakaraimaea dipterocarpacea (Dipterocarpaceae) and Dicymbe jenmanii (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae) in the Pakaraima Mountains...
Fungi play major roles in ecosystem processes, but the determinants of fungal diversity and biogeographic patterns remain poorly understood. Using DNA metabarcoding data from hundreds of globally distributed soil samples, we demonstrate that fungal richness is decoupled from plant diversity. The plant-to-fungus richness ratio declines exponentially...
Eleven Nolanea species are described from Guyanese collections. The West African N. acuta comb. nov. is reported for the first time from the Neotropics, and N. alboproxima, N. applanata, N. clavata, N. claviformis, N. concentrica, N.
furcata, N. mimiae, N. rava, N. sinuolata, and N. subsulcata are new to science. All of these species occur in tropi...
Ectomycorrhizal (EcM)-mediated nitrogen (N) acquisition is one main strategy used by terrestrial plants to facilitate growth. Measurements of natural abundance nitrogen isotope ratios (denoted as δ15N relative to a standard) increasingly serve as integrative proxies for mycorrhiza-mediated N acquisition due to biological fractionation processes tha...
Craterellus olivaceoluteus sp. nov. and Craterellus cinereofimbriatus sp. nov. are described as new to science. These fungi were collected from Guyana in association with ectomycorrhizal host trees in the genera Dicymbe (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae) and Pakaraimaea (Dipterocarpaceae). Cantharellus guyanensis Mont., originally described from F...
The vast extent of the Amazon Basin has historically restricted the study of its tree communities to the local and regional scales. Here, we provide empirical data on the commonness, rarity, and richness of lowland tree species across the entire Amazon Basin and Guiana Shield (Amazonia), collected in 1170 tree plots in all major forest types. Extra...
Most fungi produce some type of durable microscopic structure such as a spore that is important for dispersal and/or survival under adverse conditions, but many species also produce dense aggregations of tissue called sclerotia. These structures help fungi to survive challenging conditions such as freezing, desiccation, microbial attack, or the abs...
The vast extent of the Amazon Basin has historically restricted the study of its tree communities to the local and regional
scales. Here, we provide empirical data on the commonness, rarity, and richness of lowland tree species across the entire
Amazon Basin and Guiana Shield (Amazonia), collected in 1170 tree plots in all major forest types. Extra...