Teresa Román-Berdiel

• PhD Sciences de la Terre
• Lecturer at University of Zaragoza

The accurate identification of dinosaur egg accumulations as nests or clutches is crucial for understanding the reproductive behaviour of these extinct species. However, existing methods often rely on the presence of complete eggs and embryo remains, and sedimentological criteria that are only applicable to well-structured sediments. In this study,...

In this work, we present results of the application of paleomagnetism and the analysis of synsedimentary structures in order to clarify the age and origin of transversal anticlinal ridges in the northern border of the Central High Atlas (CHA). The results are interpreted in terms of paleogeometry of the main structures. The High Atlas fold-and-thru...

The purpose of this work is to use paleomagnetic data to determine the tectonic evolution of the inverted High Atlas basin in the area of the Taguelft syncline. This syncline shows two well defined rock types of Jurassic age: marly limestones and red beds, and therefore provides the opportunity of comparing paleomagnetic results from rocks with dif...

La Sierra de Cantabria y los Montes Obarenes suponen el límite meridional de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica, cuya inversión tectónica se produjo como consecuencia de la Orogenia Alpina. En este estudio se presenta un análisis estructural de las principales estructuras de un sector de los Montes Obarenes, poniendo especial énfasis en la geometría y evol...

In this work we present three magnetic surveys in an intensively exploited agricultural area from Tuscania (Lazio region, Italy) whose soils are derived from volcanic rocks with different degrees of reworking, from weathering of the in situ rocks to sedimentary transport forming extensive piedmont deposits. Magnetic surveys were done with a GSM Ove...

During the Jurassic, Iberia and western North Africa underwent extensional tectonics conditioned by their position with respect to the African, Eurasian and North American plates and related to the Central and North Atlantic opening and westward expansion of the Tethys. In Iberia, the Jurassic is characterized by the presence of wide shallow marine...

The Devonian is a period of climatic and biodiversity changes and known "black shales" events that are linked with hypoxia/anoxia, eustatic fluctuations, faunal variations and geochemical anomalies. Magnetic susceptibility measurements are used as a complementary tool for correlation and more recently, as a tool for paleogeographic reconstructions...

In this work we present three magnetic surveys in an intensively exploited agricultural area from Tuscania (Lazio region, Italy) whose soils are derived from volcanic rocks with different degrees of reworking, from weathering of the in situ rocks to sedimentary transport forming extensive piedmont deposits. Magnetic surveys were done with a GSM Ove...

In this introductory chapter we summarize the geological evolution of the atlasic domain, making reference to many (not all) of the significant previous works carried out in the area. The geological setting of the Moroccan Central High Atlas is characterized by a complex Mesozoic-Cenozoic evolution that included (i) an extensional to transtensional...

This chapter presents the results of numerous rock experiments carried out on Jurassic marine carbonates and red beds from the Central High Atlas, which have been affected by a regional remagnetization related to burial. As in other sedimentary rocks affected by chemical remagnetizations, the analyzed samples show a characteristic magnetic fingerpr...

From the application of the magnetic techniques (Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility and paleomagnetism) it can be seen that to determine the age (and origin) of structures in the Moroccan Central High Atlas is not straightforward from geometrical features only and that similar structures can have different origins, or that the two limbs of a par...

From a 3-D reconstruction based on serial cross-sections, structural observations, and potential field geophysical data we characterize the major structural frame of the Moroccan Central High Atlas. Its overall structure shows two fold-and-thrust systems (each one showing particular features) at the northern and southern borders of the chain, resul...

The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility provides valuable information on the imprint of the different tectonic processes occurred in the Central High Atlas (CHA), complementing the structural analysis and paleomagnetic information. Different types of magnetic ellipsoids, related with extensional, diapiric or intrusive processes occurred during th...

The so-called Henkel's plot (1976) allows relating density and magnetic susceptibility of rocks. In this work we focused on three paramagnetic Pyrenean granites from the Mont Louis-Andorra, Maladeta and Marimanha granitic plutons. In total, 128 sites with 310 density measurements and > 2600 susceptibility readings cover the main range of variabilit...

The Pyrenees constitutes an exceptional example of an Alpine orogenic belt characterized by basement thrust sheets involving Paleozoic rocks and Mesozoic and Cenozoic cover units detached on the Triassic evaporites, the main décollement level. This work is located in the Central Pyrenees, where gravity data help to better constrain the internal arc...

The analysis of the Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) constitutes a fast and non-destructive technique that has gained the acceptance of structural geologists because it provides valuable information related to the orientation and intensity of the strain ellipsoid of deformed rocks. Part of its strength results from the possibility of (i)...

In this work we establish reliable correlations between density and magnetic susceptibility in three paramagnetic granites from the Pyrenees. In total, 128 sites (310 density measurements and >2600 susceptibility ones) were studied in the Mont Louis-Andorra, Maladeta and Marimanha granitic plutons covering the main range of variability of magnetic...

A new gravity survey (1164 gravity stations and 180 samples for density analysis) combined with two new geological cross sections has been carried out in a sector of the Central Pyrenees in order to improve the characterization of basement and cover architecture. From North to South, the study area comprises the southern half of the Axial Zone and...

The aim of this work is the application of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) to the study of volcanic materials from the Late Carboniferous-Permian Cadí basin (southern Pyrenees) in order to (i) explore the limits of this technique in ancient volcanic materials that have undergone strong chemical alteration and a complex tectonic evol...

La modelización analógica de estructuras tectónicas ha permitido avanzar en el conocimiento de la cinemática de los sistemas de pliegues y cabalgamientos desarrollados en contextos compresivos, de los sistemas de fallas normales conjugadas y lístricas desarrolladas en contextos extensionales, así como de las estructuras asociadas a grandes fallas d...

A short video (8 min) allows, on the one hand, to spread information and on the other hand to determine its educational purpose of the Pyrenean geology. The script is based on a dialogue between the Posets Mountain and a geologist who is sampling for studying its deformation. Concepts about geological time and paleogeographic reconstructions (Scote...

Magnetic fabric analyses are a fast and non-destructive method used to determine the fabric in rocks, since the first studies of magnetic fabric, a parallelism between the magnetic fabric and the rock fabric was observed. The mineral distribution in rocks is modified by stress. Magnetic fabric analyses in relation with deformation in folded rocks c...

The interfolding remagnetizations are those acquired between two deformational stages, and they are common in inverted sedimentary basins. They can be used as a tool to restore the structure at the remagnetization time (Villalaín et al., 2016). This technique is used in the Central High Atlas (Morocco) in the frame of the CGL2016-77560-C2-P researc...

To deal with magnetic modelling, remanent magnetization as well as susceptibility of the rocks that generate an induced magnetic field by the interaction with the Earth Magnetic field has to be addressed. In presence of primary and/or secondary fields, it is essential to consider the total magnetization as the sum of induced and remanent components...

The characterization of the basement architecture of the Pyrenean Axial Zone, backbone of the chain, is crucial to understand its geodynamic evolution and the interplay between tectonism and magmatism. In this work, a new gravity-constrained cross section was built along the Central Pyrenees, between two of the largest Pyrenean Late Variscan granit...

Experimental tectonics or analogue modelling of tectonic processes is an experimental approach that studies the agents involved in tectonic processes that occur in nature through models scaled in the laboratory. Their main goal is not simply to reproduce natural observations, but to test hypotheses about the mechanisms and forces involved in tecton...

The GeoPiri3D project aims to characterize the geometry and kinematics of the Permo-Carboniferous batholiths of the Central Pyrenees through a combination of potential fields and structural data. During 2018 we have acquired 824 new gravity stations and 186 rock samples. The gravity data were processed and integrated into the IGME database and a ne...

Geophysical surveying (both gravity and magnetic) is of great help in 3D modeling of granitic bodies at depth. As in any potential-field geophysics study, petrophysical data (density [r], magnetic susceptibility [k] and remanence) are of key importance to reduce the uncertainty during the modeling of rock volumes. Several works have already demonst...

Shear zones, or their counterparts in near-surface conditions, the brittle fault zones, constitute crustal-scale, narrow, planar domains where deformation is strongly localized. The variation with depth of deformation conditions (P-T), rheology and strain rates entails a wide range of fault rock types, characterized by different petrofabrics and cl...

The Jurassic carbonates of the Central High Atlas (CHA) are affected by a widespread and homogeneous chemical remagnetization. This is an interfolding remagnetization (dated in ca. 100 Ma by comparison with the GAPWP of the African plate) that separates two deformational events; the first one is related to the basinal period in the Atlas (Triassic...

The Atlas system, an ENE-WSW intracontinental chain in the NW of Africa, grew because of the inversion of Mesozoic extensional basins during the Cenozoic convergence between the African and European plates. The Central High Atlas (CHA) is located in the mid-western sector of the chain and is characterized by (i) the presence of an Upper Triassic dé...

New residual magnetic map is presented to help decipher the magnetic imprints in the Central High Atlas (CHA) fold-and-thrust belt. The total intensity map shows a main direction mimicking the N070 trend which features the Atlas range. Detailed structural and paleomagnetic studies performed in the selected area demonstrate that similar shortening f...

The aim of this work is to apply the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) to determine the primary and tectonic fabrics of lava flows and volcanoclastic materials in one of the Pyrenean Stephano-Permian basins. The Pyrenean Range is a double vergence orogen located at the northern end of the Iberian Peninsula. During Carboniferous-Early Perm...

Multiple constraints, including poorly known parameters, determine along-strike changes of frontal thrust structures in fold-and-thrust belts. Along the 400 km long, continuous Central Moroccan Atlas belt, structural style shows significant changes, preserving similar figures of shortening. This implies the absence of large-scale vertical-axes rota...

A new type of fault relay zone in extensional contexts, dominated by distributed along-strike or longitudinal fractures, is defined. It contrasts with the classical models reported in the literature, in which transverse connecting faults controlled by the own relay kinematics prevail. The new model is based on structural features of the Teruel grab...

Large‐scale faults in the continental crust are significant features that control the evolution of sedimentary basins and intraplate mountain chains. Deciphering their evolution is a significant task because faults slip and reactivate in a variety of geological settings. In this work, clay gouges of two major orogen‐scale, long‐lived faults in nort...

Resumen: En este trabajo se aplica el análisis de la anisotropía de la susceptibilidad magnética (ASM) con la finalidad de ayudar a descifrar la evolución mesozoica y cenozoica de un sector del Alto Atlas Central. El Atlas es la cadena intraplaca más importante del norte de África, resultado de una compleja evolución durante el Mesozoico y Cenozoic...

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar posibles correlaciones entre las propiedades petrofísicas del granito de Marimanha. Se han medido cuatro propiedades petrofísicas, densidad, velocidad sísmica, susceptibilidad magnética y resistividad. Estas propiedades son fundamentales en la prospección geofísica, y en la modelización de la estr...

Resumen: Las cuencas sedimentarias invertidas con un importante apilamiento de sedimentos presentan frecuentemente remagnetizaciones muy intensas y ubicuas que, en la mayoría de los casos, sustituyen la magnetización primaria en áreas muy extensas. El Atlas es una cadena intracontinental generada por la inversión de cuencas extensionales mesozoicas...

Resumen: La interacción de los fluidos con las rocas, tanto ígneas como metamórficas o sedimentarias, es responsable de numerosos procesos físico-químicos relacionados, por ejemplo, con transformaciones minerales, concentración de determinados elementos, remagnetizaciones, incrementos de temperatura y gradiente térmico, migración y maduración de hi...

El margen oriental de la fosa del Jiloca (Cordillera Ibérica) es el resultado de la disposición escalonada diestra de tres fallas normales de dirección NW-SE: las fallas de Calamocha, Sierra Palomera y Concud. Junto con la falla de Teruel, delimitan tres zonas de relevo con evidencias de fracturación reciente. El análisis de la deformación a escala...

During the Triassic, Iberia and western North Africa displayed a unique situation in relation with the Central and North Atlantic opening and westward expansion of the Tethys. Unravelling the stretching direction in Triassic deposits of the studied area can help in our understanding of this scenario. The tectonic setting is characterized by localiz...

FAULT RELAY ZONES WITHIN THE TERUEL GRABEN SYSTEM (EASTERN IBERIAN CHAIN): GEOMETRIES, INTERACTIONS AND SEISMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS

AMS and structural analysis are here applied to study the deformed zone associated with a large-scale, active normal fault in the central Betic Cordillera (Spain), namely the Baza fault system, to determine: i) the kinematics of structures and their relation with fault zone architecture and segmentation degree, ii) the correlation between deformati...

In the frame of the GEOPIRI3D Project (financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University), two new gravity-constrained cross sections have been made. The goal of this study is to analyze the Axial Zone of the central part of the Pyrenees to better constrain the geometry of the basement host rocks and genesis of the Late Varisca...

Twenty chain-scale cross-sections (between 50 and 100 km long) in the Central High Atlas (between Demnate and Rich, Morocco) considering potential field data and constrained by means of paleomagnetism (paleodips for cross-section reconstruction) and AMS (anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility as an indicator of internal deformation) reveal the inter...

Fault zones constitute areas of high permeability where fluids and minerals interactions are frequent, involving the neoformation and alteration of protolith-inherited, ferromagnetic and paramagnetic minerals. This fact entails that fault zones are in most cases characterized by a heterogeneous mineralogy which hinders their study through magnetic...

In this work we present the preliminary paleomagnetic results in the framework of an ambitious research project that is being carried out in the Central High Atlas (CHA). The Atlas is an intracontinental chain generated by the inversion of extensional Mesozoic basins due to the convergence between Africa and Europe during the Cenozoic. The deposits...

During the Triassic, Iberia and nearby areas of the North-African systems constituted the transition zone between the North Atlantic Ocean opening and the westernmost Tethyan realm. Unravelling the stretching direction (i.e. primary magnetic lineation) during this period can help to understand the tectonic setting of the studied area. In this work,...

In this work the analysis of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) has been applied to decipher the Mesozoic and Cenozoic evolution of the Central High Atlas. The Atlas is the most important intraplate mountain range in North Africa, resulting from a complex evolution during the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. Its evolution during the Mesozoic...

In this paper the Anisotropy of the Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) is applied together with the structural analysis along the Jarque Fault (Iberian Range) in its north- western sector. The Jarque Fault has a NW-SE direction, and extends longitudinally along at least 50 km, being one of the main structures that compartmentalize the Aragonese Branch o...

Of the several factors involved in the development of magnetic fabrics in fault zones at shallow crustal levels, lithology and deformation intensity have probably the most important conse- quences for the reconstruction of their kinematic history. The basement-involved Cenozoic thrusts in the Demanda Massif (N Spain) provide the opportunity for tes...

A Cenozoic, N100E-striking thrust fault located in the Iberian Chain, provides an opportunity for testing the applicability of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) to the study of fault rocks deformation in shallow fault zones. The Monroyo thrust, which is probably a splay of the Castellote–Herbers fault, involves Cretaceous and Paleogene ro...

In areas with inherited fault systems, strain under a new tectonic regime is influenced by both the pattern of the ancient fault system and the new stress trajectories. While models of soft and hard fault linkage controlled by fault interaction and propagation under kinematical constraints have been extensively developed (e.g., Walsh and Watterson,...

This work aims to characterize the Gavarnie thrust, one of the large-scale thrusts that defie the Alpine structure of the west-central sector of the Pyrenees. A detailed comparison of structural analysis and magnetic fabrics is carried out for the Paleozoic phyllonites of the Gavarnie thrust, in order to decipher strain distribution and transport d...

Positive tectonic inversion of sedimentary basins has been recognized as one of the primary mechanisms of mountain building and intraplate deformation. Reconstructing the tectonic history of basins is relatively easy for the inversion stage but becomes more difficult for the basinal stage, especially when strong deformation involving cleavage devel...

Structural analysis and Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility are here applied to the fault zone (several hundreds of meters thick) associated with an E-W striking, 20 km-long segment of the Vallès-Penedès Fault (Catalan Coastal Ranges). The results obtained indicate a complex structure, mainly resulting from the imprint of Paleogene compressional...

The study of the magnetic fabric (AMS) is a quick and effective technique that allows to determine the rock fabric and, in a extensional context, the extension direction at local scale. In this work we present the results of structural analysis and AMS recorded in the Baza Fault, with the aim of characterizing the kinematics of the structure. Five...

Analogue models, help understanding geological processes, in particular deformational ones. However, standard procedures such as surface scanning (at any time) and sectioning at the end of the experiments represent 2D approaches for the analysis of deformation structures. The application of CT scanning techniques helps understanding deformation pat...

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) has been applied to the study of shallow fault zones, although interpretation of the results requires establishing clear relationships between petrofabric and magnetic features, magnetic behaviour of fault rocks, and an extensive knowledge of P-T conditions. In this work, we demonstrate that magnetic meth...

In this paper we report on a compilation of more than 2,200 sites (more than 10,000 individual measurements) where anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) was studied in granite from the Variscan Pyrenees. The standardization and homogenization of this information has allowed us to produce three maps that synthesize all the information related...

This work deals with the application of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), structural analysis and microstructural analysis to the study of shear zones. Mylonitized fault rocks have been sampled in the Gavarnie Trust, one of the main structures of the Pyrenean Axial Zone, which was structured as a south-verging antiformal stack during...

Major discontinuities in the Earth’s crust are expressed by faults that often cut across its whole thickness favoring, for example, the emplacement of magmas of mantelic origin. These long-lived faults are common in intra-plate environments and show multi-episodic activity that spans for hundred of million years and constitute first-order controls...

Thrusting at shallow depths often precludes analysis by means of structural indicators effective in other geological contexts (e.g., mylonites, sheath folds, shear bands). In this paper, a combination of techniques (including structural analysis, magnetic methods, as anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and paleomagnetism, and paleothermometry) is...

The Gavarnie Thrust shows a 30m thick fault zone developed in the ampelitic and calcareous Silurian rocks, with a record of ductile deformation (mylonites) close to the main thrust plane and a progressive increase of the brittle deformation towards the marginal areas of the fault zone. The analysis of thin-sections under reflected and transmitted l...

This study shows the magnetic fabric analysis applied to several analogue models developed with common commercial red clays. By dispersing the clays in water and after allowing their subsequent decantation, we were able to reproduce the acquisition of a depositional magnetic fabric (oblate geometry of the magnetic ellipsoid with the minimum suscept...

Magnetic fabric studies in sedimentary rocks were firstly focused on strongly deformed tectonic contexts, such as fold-and-thrust belts. As measurement techniques were improved by the introduction of high-resolution equipments (e.g. KLY3-S and more recent Kappabridge susceptometers from AGICO Inc., Czech Republic), more complex tectonic contexts co...

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) studies in sedimentary rocks subjected to deformation indicate that magnetic fabrics orientation can be conditioned by multiple factors: sedimentary conditions, magnetic mineralogy, successive tectonic events, etc. All of them difficult the interpretation of the AMS as a marker of the deformation conditio...

Resumen: Se estudia la anisotropía de la susceptibilidad magnética (ASM) en unidades de la cuenca de Cameros (NO Cordillera Ibérica) depositadas en las últimas etapas del rifting del Jurásico superior-Cretácico inferior (Grupos Enciso y Oliván, de edad Aptiense-Albiense), en afloramientos localizados cerca del borde NE del macizo. Los portadores ma...

Resumen: La Rama Aragonesa de la Cordillera Ibérica está constituida por dos alineaciones de materiales paleozoicos separadas por la cuenca de Calatayud. En el sector norte se encuentra una de las estructuras más importantes de la orogenia Varisca en la Cordillera Ibérica: la falla de Datos, que puede distinguirse únicamente en sus sectores más sep...

The Bielsa granite is located within the Bielsa thrust sheet, one of the basement thrusting units in the Central Southern Pyrenees. Internal deformation of this nappe during the Pyrenean compression is evidenced by folding of the unconformable Triassic red beds overlying the granite, that has been intensely fractured both during the Late-Variscan a...

La formación de cavidades y su posterior colapso genera distintos tipos de dolinas en superficie. La evaluación de los riesgos asociados al karst aluvial o cubierto varía respecto la percepción habitual por encontrarse su origen desde varios a decenas de metros de profundidad. Las dolinas no son estáticas; en su desarrollo influye tanto la continui...

Resumen: El estudio de fábricas magnéticas (mediante la Anisotropía de la Susceptibilidad Magnética, ASM) es un método rápido y eficaz de determinar la petrofábrica de las rocas, pudiendo ser utilizada como indicador de la deformación. En este trabajo relacionamos, desde un punto de vista metodológico, la orientación de la ASM con la dirección de t...

Resumen: El estudio de fábricas magnéticas (mediante la Anisotropía de la Susceptibilidad Magnética, ASM) es un método rápido y eficaz de determinar la petrofábrica de las rocas, pudiendo ser utilizada como indicador de la deformación. En este trabajo se relaciona la orientación del elipsoide de susceptibilidad magnética con la dirección de transpo...

New magnetic fabric data from 48 sites in Upper Triassic red beds from the Argana, Asni and Tizi n’Tichka areas in the western High Atlas, in combination with rock magnetic analyses, SEM observations and qualitative chemical analyses, reveal that mineralization processes can affect the primary (extensional) or secondary (post-depositional) magnetic...

Environmental magnetic proxies were analyzed in a relatively monotonous, ~25.3m thick alluvial sedimentary sequence drilled in the Añavieja Basin (NE Spain). Results from the core AÑ2 suggest that the concentration dependent magnetic parameters mainly reflect variations in the content of detrital magnetite, sourced in the catchment rocks and soils...

This work investigates how anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) recorded the strain related to the Early Cretaceous extensional processes in synrift sediments of the Maestrat basin (eastern Spain). Forty-two sites, distributed throughout the Lower Cretaceous sequence with dominant gentle dips, were sampled. Minerals contributing to the AMS a...

The Río Grío fault is one of the main structures that cut across the Iberian Chain (NE Spain). It shows a NW-SE strike, and constitutes a fault zone with associated fault rocks (fault gauge, fault breccia), with thickness of tens of meters. In this work,we present the analysis at mesostructural scale of the fault zone.At the map scale, the Río Grío...

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) techniques are applied to Permo-Triassic red beds from the Castilian Branch (Iberian Range, NE Spain) that were deposited in an extensional basin inverted during Cenozoic times. The main goal of this work is to characterize the tectonic evolution of the basinal stage by differentiating synsedimentary to e...

This study is based on the comparison of structural analysis and AMS data of Río Grío Fault, associated with the Datos Fault System, in the Iberian Chain (Northeastern Iberian Plate, Spain). The Río Grío Fault, with NW-SE strike, has a tectonic evolution of probably Mesozoic extension and Tertiary transpressive dextral movement, and it is character...

The Aït Attab syncline, located in the Central High Atlas, displays a curved geometry in plan view, and is considered as one of the most spectacular fold shapes in the Central High Atlasic belt. We conducted a paleomagnetic study in Jurassic-Cretaceous red beds to investigate the origin of this geometry. The Natural Remanent Magnetization (NRM) is...

Anisotropy of Magnetic susceptibility (AMS) has been traditionally used as an indirect approach for the characterization of mineral preferred orientation and rock petrofabric. In the Southern Central Pyrenees, a robust data set of magnetic fabrics covering a wide range of ages, structural context, and lithologies has been used for an assessment at...