Teresa Chapa

Complutense University of Madrid | UCM

Las fíbulas “de caballito”, con o sin jinete, suelen vincularse con una élite ecuestre que asume el protagonismo en la nueva organización social de la segunda Edad del Hierro de la Hispania céltica, estructurada en torno a los oppida y sus territorios. Almagro-Gorbea y Torres (1999) realizaron una clasificación tipo-cronológica de los ejemplares co...

RESUMEN Una de las manifestaciones más significativas de cada sociedad es el diseño de su ritual funerario, puesto que refleja las bases religiosas e ideológicas en las que se sustenta su organización. Aunque muchos de los procesos implicados en los funerales son efímeros, los cementerios y las sepulturas contienen información material que es estud...

Las manifestaciones funerarias de época ibérica en la zona del Guadiana Menor han sido tradicionalmente definidas por la presencia de cámaras y cajas cinerarias, mientras que la iconografía en general, y en especial las representaciones escultóricas, resultaban prácticamente ausentes. Sin embargo, es necesario valorar la aceptación en todo este ter...

El reconocimiento de que la superficie de las esculturas ibéricas estaba pintada se remonta a finales del siglo XIX, pero la mala o nula conservación de los pigmentos y el aprecio histórico de las superficies blancas, llevó a valorarlas casi exclusivamente por la calidad de su talla. Lo cierto es que una parte importante de la expresividad de las f...

Este trabajo presenta los elementos constructivos y escultóricos de época ibérica identificados en Jutia (Nerpio-Yeste, Albacete). La valoración iconográfica y territorial del conjunto nos lleva a señalar la existencia de un área monumental ubicada en un valle de altura, junto a una surgencia de agua y a caminos tradicionales, relevantes en la tran...

La Arqueología difícilmente puede detectar los detalles que configuraron la liturgia ibérica. Sin embargo, los restos materiales hablan también de la inmaterialidad, de las ideas y de las experiencias. Pueden trazarse los momentos en los que se desarrolla el rito, los desplazamientos necesarios para participar en él, pueden valorarse los escenarios...

The sphinxes found in Agost in 1893 and initially documented by Pedro Ibarra, allow us to propose the existence, in certain cases and moments, of a Greek inspiration in Iberian Art. The conformity of his figures, especially the one preserved today in the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, with respect to Hellenic models, still does not have an adequate a...

This research focuses on the study of the ruins of a large building known as “El Torreón” (the Tower), belonging to the Ulaca oppidum (Solosancho, Province of Ávila, Spain). Different remote sensing and geophysical approaches have been used to fulfil this objective, providing a better understanding of the building’s functionality in this town, whic...

La “Koré de Alicante” es una escultura ibérica correspondiente a una cabeza femenina que muestra rasgos propios del arte griego jonio. Además de realizar un estudio formal, se propone un nuevo modelo que permitiría la interacción ocasional de escultores helénicos en los talleres ibéricos, siempre siguiendo las preferencias de las aristocracias loca...

We present the results of the experimental recreation of a warrior stele according to the models of six stelae found at the Middle Tagus Valley: Las Herencias I, Arroyo Manzanas (or Las Herencias II) and Barranca del Águila (Talavera de la Reina) in the northern zone along the lower bank of the Tagus as well as the two from Aldeanueva de San Bartol...

The aim of this paper is to present the progress that has been made in the study of the hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, in the province of Cáceres), based on a combination of non-destructive techniques. The possibility of cross-referencing the results obtained with different geophys-ical methods (magnetometry, georadar and electric tom...

Escultura Zoomorfa Ibérica en Piedra. 1980.

The aim of this paper is to present the progress that has been made in the study of the hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, in the province of Cáceres), based on a combination of non-destructive techniques. The possibility of cross-referencing the results obtained with different geophysical methods (magnetometry, georadar and electric tomo...

En este trabajo se propone que las esculturas de El Macalón corresponden a leones y no a esfinges, teniendo en cuenta sus características morfológicas. El número de 5/6 ejemplares idénticos permite proponer la existencia de un único monumento ligado a una necrópolis, localizada en el acceso al poblado de El Macalón. Los indicios cronológicos señala...

Six warrior stelae from central Iberia (Toledo, Spain) were studied using different geological techniques to discriminate their potential source materials and evaluate the displacement suffered from the quarry sites to their final location. The similar petrographic and geochemical features of the stelae, when compared with other lithological equiva...

The Iron Age societies of the southeastern Iberian Peninsula, like their Greek and Etruscan counterparts, used stone sculptures to decorate their sanctuaries and cemeteries. Limestone was the raw material used. While abundant throughout the region, it was not always of sufficient quality to implement the iconographic projects at hand. This paper de...

Tradicionalmente se ha considerado que la aristocracia ibérica depositaba en las tumbas sus materiales más preciados como prueba de categoría social. Sin embargo, el oro está básicamente ausente de estos contextos. Este trabajo propone considerar el oro como un metal del máximo valor práctico, y por tanto no amortizable en las tumbas, sino objeto p...

Se presenta el informe preliminar elaborado por un equipo hispanofrancés sobre las implicaciones de lo llamado «arcaico» en la cultura ibérica: su concepto, su historiografia y su relación con otras columnas mediterráneas. Se tratan aspectos particulares: bronces griegos e ibéricos, joycria orientalizante, escultura local, cerámica, problemas icono...

Abstract: The application of 3D multi-channel GPR equipment to the detection of buried structures in archaeological sites has meant a qualitative leap compared to traditional 2D systems. In the same way, orthoimages obtained from Drones allow the elaboration of photogrametries and digital elevation models of very high precision with a significant s...

Multichannel GPR equipments have been developed with great success In recent years and manufacturers have developed different computer softwares for data processing. Great quality results can be obtained due to the minimal distance between the dipoles of the antennas, that tries to maintain the theorem of Nyquist (distance between a quarter of tran...

The several casts of stone sculptures found in the Iberian sanctuary of Cerro de los Santos, shown in The Vienna International Exhibition, is scarcely known. After the official opening of the National Archaeological Museum of Madrid by Amadeo of Saboya in 1871, the institution considered a priority to acquire a significant number of sculptures from...

RESUMEN1 La existencia de fosas rellenas con tierra, cenizas, fragmentos cerámicos y fauna denominadas genéricamente como cenizales, basureros o vertederos, es un hecho bien conocido en la Meseta Norte durante la Segunda Edad del Hierro, vinculándose con los grupos Vacceos y Vettones. Sin embargo, su distribución debe ampliarse al occidente de la M...

The protohistoric settlement of Cerro de la Mesa has a strong link with both topography and landscape. Located just at the end of a confined rock stretch in the middle basin of the Tagus River, it is situated beside a natural ford on rock (also called "permanent"), from which emerges the fertile floodplain of the river. The value of these natural r...

The Archaeological Museum of Jaén's sizeable collection of Iron Age sculptures, dating from the fifth century bce, were all found at Cerrillo Blanco de Porcuna, a site in the Spanish province of Jaén. The collection comprises over 40 statues and hundreds of fragments. Incisions recently identified on some of these sculptures have been interpreted a...

The existence of pits filled with earth, ashes, pottery fragments and fauna, usually known as ash pits, rubbish pits or dumps, has been recognized on many Second Iron Age settlements of the Spanish Northern Plateau, generally linked with Vaccean and Vettonian groups. However, its distribution should be extended to the west of the Southern Plateau a...

In this paper we present the excavation of an Iberian tomb with a complicated structure made of wood, mud bricks and stones. It contained the cremated bones of an adult male in an urn of painted pottery and accompanied among other objects by three more vascs. On the wooden roof there was a ritual offcring of plates and sorne hen's cggs. Special int...

It is generally assumed that ancient Iberian funerary sculpture was actively destroyed as a consequence of social change. I propose in this paper that continuity must be taken into account, and that many Iberian monuments could have undergone a process of abandonment and ruin, and not so much a violent destruction. En este trabajo se revisa la con...

La escultura en piedra ha sido considerada como un elemento diagnostico de la Cultura Iberica. Sin embargo, recienteshallazgos y revisiones de piezas permiten apreciar que tambien se recurrio a estas manifestaciones iconograficas enepocas pre-ibericas. Se presenta como ejemplo el toro echado de Porcuna como evidencia de la escultura orientalizantee...

This paper studies the archaeological definition of stone sculpture workshops during the Iron Age Iberian Culture. This topic is valued through a case study: The four-sided stelae decorated with reliefs found at the Iberian cemeteries of Corral de Saus (Moixent, Valencia) and Coimbra del Barranco Ancho (Jumilla, Murcia). We propose the presence of...

This paper presents different examples of stone sculpture recovered on Phoenician contexts of Southern Spain. It has traditionally been assumed that Phoenician colonists used mainly aniconic symbols on their cult places, and that stone sculpture was not developed by later Iberian populations until they received new influences from Near Eastern Gree...

The stone sculpture has been considered as a diagnostic feature of the Iberian Culture. Nevertheless, recent findings and re-examination of old ones suggest that it was already employed in pre-Iberian times. The kneeling bull from Porcuna is presented here as an evidence of the orientalizing stone sculpture in Central Andalusia, and a dating around...

Rock art deteriorates because of both environmental factors and visitor erosion which affect its conservation and, therefore, its study. Graphic recording carried out in the past is sometimes the only recorded evidence for what once existed. However, the graphic record also presents problems of preservation on the long-term, a problem particularly...

This paper describes the finding of a group of folded lead sheets in the Ibero-roman level at Castellones de Ceal. As they have been traditionally used as weights for fishing nets, the practice at the site of river fishing as an economic resource is inferred. Some other archaeological examples of this activity are also examined.

With the help of a modern mason, the authors have discovered a series of scarcely visible markings on well-known limestone statues from southern Spain dating back to the fifth century BC. Unrelated to letters or religious symbols, their best point of comparison seems to lie with the kind of signature used by masons to denote a craftsman or workshop...

RESUMEN El estudio de las técnicas empleadas en la manufactu-ra de las esculturas ibéricas ha recibido escasa atención por parte de los especialistas. Sin embargo, estas investi-gaciones han ofrecido importantes resultados en otras áreas del Mediterráneo, proporcionando conocimientos clave no sólo sobre las técnicas, talleres y estilos, sino tambié...

The techniques employed in the manufacture of Iberian stone sculptures have received very little attention by the specialists. Nevertheless, this kind of research has provided important results in other Mediterranean areas, offering key insights not only about techniques, workshops and styles, but also about the social role of sculptors and those w...

This chapter presents a landscape archaeology approach for the study of the logic underlying location of rural pre-industrial settlements in a Mediterranean region. This task entails the use of GIS for managing and analysing information. The authors apply a non-reconstructive methodology that studies past societies without the need to recreate the...

This chapter presents a landscape archaeology approach for the study of the logic underlying location of rural pre-industrial settlements in a Mediterranean region. This task entails the use of GIS for managing and analysing information. The authors apply a non-reconstructive methodology that studies past societies without the need to recreate the...

[ES] Se presenta la elaboración, a partir de imagen Landsat e información geográfica auxiliar, de un mapa digital que muestre la distribución de los usos del suelo potenciales más adecuados para economías paleotécnicas. Dicho mapa está concebido para su utilización, mediante tecnología SIG, en análisis de arqueología del paisaje dirigidos al estudi...

La "Nueva Arqueología" desarrolló una nueva metodología para el estudio de los restos funerarios. En los últimos años se han producido nuevos avances, centrados en su mayor parte en los resultados de la Antropología y los análisis químicos sobre los restos humanos. La teoría también ha sido renovada por los nuevos enfoques post-procesuales que dan...

Defining the roots of Iberian sculpture has always been a controversial topic. In addition to the local circumstances and social needs, a crucial importance has been given to the Greek trade, that would have supplied local societies with specific techniques and styles. However, Phoenician influence is seen today as a major impulse, not only because...

Este trabajo analiza la fragmentación de las esculturas ibéricas de Porcuna (Jaén). Se resalta la necesidad de estudios globales que permitan reconstruir todo el proceso de fabricación, uso y abandono de las esculturas. Se aprecian roturas fruto de acciones violentas y procesos de erosión por exposición a los fenómenos atmosféricos y especialmente...

This work purports to define the features which characterise the youth of Iberia through archaeology, analysing physical cultural remains and iconographic documents. Features similar to other Mediterranean cultures can be observed, as well as elements which are specifically Iberian. Boys and girls had periods of training, initiation and participati...

The aim of this paper is to present a methodological approach to the development ola systematic archaeological survey. Inspired by the principles of Landscape Archeology, the archaeological record includes the material remains as well as geographical data. We discuss the data selection and its integration on a database and a GIS. The mechanisms gen...

This paper tries to analyze childhood during the Iron Age "lberian Culture", a topic which has received almost no attention up to now. Every society must find an efficient system in order to transmit to their descendants the body of principles and rules that constitute its foundations, as this is essential to its perpetuation. The way children are...

Fecha de exportación: el 21 de julio de 2011 , Origen: DIALNET

La necrópolis ibérica de El Cigarralcjo (Mula, Murcia, España), fue excavada en extensión por E. Cuadrado, y ofrece el mayor registro arqueológico disponible referente al comportamiento funerario de la sociedad ibérica. En este trabajo se intenta reconocer y comprender las normas que fueron aplicadas a los enterramientos infantiles. Se analizan var...

Este trabajo ofrece algunas reflexiones sobre los orígenes de las sepulturas de cremación que comienzan a aparecer en el Sureste de la Península Ibérica en el comienzo del primer milenio a.C. Tras algunos siglos sin evidencias significativas, se detectan algunos enterramientos de inhumación y cremación, siendo este último ritual el que se convertir...

This paper describes the finding of a group of folded lead sheets in the Ibero-roman level at Castellones de Céal. As they have been traditionally used as weights for fishing nets, the practice at the site of river fishing as an economic resource is inferred. Some other archaeological examples of this activity are also examined. En este trabajo se...

The importance of locating generalised accounts of change in their regional contexts is illustrated by a study of the basin of the Guadiana Menor (Jaén). This forms a corridor between Upper Andalusia on the one hand and the Highlands of Granada and the S.E. of the Peninsula on the other. Its focus is how over time —from the Middle Iberian Period to...

The Iron Age Iberian Culture, centred on the eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula, is closely connected with other Mediterranean areas. The use of monumental sculpture is one of the parallels we can find with other places, like Greece-or Etruria. This has led to the study of Iberian sculptures within the framework of a comparative and diffusionist...

Este trabajo pretende llamar la atención respecto a un aspecto poco conocido de la religión ibérica: el sacerdocio. Tomando como base la propia estructura de la sociedad, las evidencias materiales y la comparación con otras culturas contemporáneas, se propone la existencia de un clero institucionalizado, ligado al progresivo desarrollo que alcanzan...

Presentación de un novedoso centro monumental ibérico en el que destaca, entre otros aspectos, la aparición en el mismo de un importante conjunto escultórico. El monumento y las imágenes a él asociadas, frutos de un diseño previo, constituyen una representación material del poder aristocrático en un territorio definido por los límites naturales del...

Ofecemos en este trabajo una revisión general de las excavaciones realizadas por Luis Siret en el yacimiento púnico de Villaricos y cuya documentación se conserva en el Museo Arqueológico Nacional de Madrid. Se ofrece una descripción detallada del Hipogeo 223, que se considera representativo del tipo de información disponible.

This article analyses the content of the journal Trabajos de Prehistoria (1960-1993), as a representative periodical publication of Spanish Prehistory during that period, in an endeavour to reveal some of trends of the discipline. Quantitative criteria have been employed in order to define thematic, chronological, subdisciplinary and geographical e...