Tejas Subramanian

Tejas Subramanian
Weill Cornell Medicine | Cornell

About

85
Publications
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402
Citations

Publications

Publications (85)
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective Frailty is defined as a state of minimal “physiologic reserve.” The modified 5 factor frailty index (mFI-5) is a recently proposed metric for assessing frailty and has been previously studied as a predictor of morbidity and mortality. However, its utility in predicting postoperative patient report...
Article
OBJECTIVE When creating minimally invasive spine fusion constructs, accurate pedicle screw fixation is essential for biomechanical strength and avoiding complications arising from delicate surrounding structures. As research continues to analyze how to improve accuracy, long-term patient outcomes based on screw accuracy remain understudied. The obj...
Article
Objective To evaluate characteristics associated with increased cost and length of hospitalization of mandible fracture management. Study Design Retrospective chart review. Methods Demographics, injury mechanism, associated injuries, treatment information, and associated costs were collected for all patients treated for mandible fracture treated...
Article
Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: to analyze trends in PROMs improvement and recovery kinetics following transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy and foraminotomy (TELD). Summary of background data: As TELDs become an increasingly common alternative to fusions for lateral disc herniations, it is important to understand pa...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose This study investigates the relationship between surgical levels and coronal deformity to identify risk factors for failing to achieve a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) following short-segment isolated decompression or fusion surgery in patients with degenerative scoliosis (DS) and concu...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Summary of Background Data The optimal surgical approach for multilevel cervical stenosis in elderly patients is controversial because of the risk of life-threatening complication. Objective To compare life-threatening early complication rates between ≥3 levels anterior and posterior cervical surgery in el...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective Decompression for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) has shown excellent clinical outcomes. In patients with symptomatic single level stenosis and asymptomatic adjacent level disease, it is unknown whether decompressing only the symptomatic level is sufficient. The objective of this stu...
Article
Objective The outcomes of active surveillance (AS) for pleomorphic adenomas (PA) as an alternative to upfront parotidectomy have not been previously documented in the literature. This cohort study aims to assess the safety and feasibility of AS for parotid gland PA. Methods All patients with of previously untreated PA managed between 1990 and 2015...
Article
Study Design This retrospective study included patients who underwent primary one-level minimally invasive (MIS) transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for degenerative lumbar spine conditions. Objective To identify early predictors of failing to achieve the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) minimum clinically important difference (MCID) one-...
Article
Background Pedicle screw placement during spine fusion is physically and mentally demanding for surgeons. Consequently, spine surgeons can become fatigued, which has implications for both patient safety and surgeon well-being. Purpose We sought to assess the cognitive workload of surgeons placing pedicle screws using robotic-assisted navigation co...
Article
Importance Facial trauma makes up a significant number of emergency room visits, with morbidity costs in excess of 1 billion dollars each year. Few studies have evaluated the economic outcomes of management and inpatient burden of facial trauma, most focusing solely on the mandible and isolated midface fractures. Objective The authors aim to evalu...
Article
OBJECTIVE Prior studies investigating the use of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) for treatment of degenerative lumbar conditions and concomitant sagittal deformity have not stratified patients by preoperative pelvic incidence (PI)–lumbar lordosis (LL) mismatch, which is the earliest parameter to deteriorate in mi...
Article
Full-text available
Study Design Systematic review. Objective To describe the various definitions of PJK and PJF used in spinal deformity literature and their utility over time. Summary of Background Data Proximal junctional kyphosis or failure (PJK/PJF) is among the most common complication after long-segment fusions, but there is no consensus on their definitions....
Article
Study Design Retrospective review of a national database. Objective The aim of this study was to identify the factors that increase the risk of nonhome discharge after CDR. Summary of Background Data As spine surgeons continue to balance increasing surgical volume, identifying variables associated with patient discharge destination can help exped...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of cefazolin versus vancomycin for perioperative infection prophylaxis. Summary of Background Data The relative efficacy of cefazolin alternatives for perioperative infection prophylaxis is poorly understood. Methods This study was a single-center m...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose To compare the outcomes of decompression alone and fusion for L4-5 DLS in different age cohorts (< 70 years, ≥ 70 years). Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent minimally invasive decompression or fusion for L4-5 DLS and had a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Outcome measures were: (1) patient-reported outcome...
Article
Background Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a common parotid tumor, yet due to the relative rarity of deep lobe PA (DLPA), there is a paucity of information about its clinical presentation and surgical outcomes. Methods We reviewed the charts of patients with previously untreated parotid PA between the years 1990 and 2015. Clinical parameters and surgi...
Article
Full-text available
Background/Objectives: There exists limited data guiding open-door laminoplasty. The objective of this study is to determine if open-door laminoplasty affects radiographic decompression or arm pain outcomes. Methods: Adult patients who underwent unilateral open-door laminoplasty cervical myelopathy were included. The side opened was dependent on su...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort study Objective To determine the relationship between preoperative physical therapy (PT) and postoperative mobility, adverse events (AEs), and length of stay (LOS) among patients with low normalized total psoas area (NTPA) undergoing ASD surgery. Summary of Background Data Sarcopenia as defined by low NTPA has be...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort Objective To study the impact of class 2/3 obesity (body mass index, BMI > 35) on outcomes following minimally invasive decompression. Summary of Background Data No previous study has analyzed the impact of class 2/3 obesity on outcomes following minimally invasive decompression. Methods Patients who underwent p...
Article
Full-text available
Background Although demonstrating remarkable promise in other fields, the impact of artificial intelligence (including ChatGPT in hand surgery and medical practice) remains largely undetermined. In this study, we asked ChatGPT frequently asked patient-focused questions surgeons may receive in clinic from patients who have carpel tunnel syndrome (CT...
Article
Introduction: Surgical counseling enables shared decision making and optimal outcomes by improving patients’ understanding about their pathologies, surgical options, and expected outcomes. Here, we aimed to provide practical answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) from patients undergoing an anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) or ce...
Article
Study Design Retrospective review of prospectively collected data Objective To analyze temporal trends in improvement after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF). Summary of Background Data Although several studies have shown that patients improve significantly after MIS TLIF, evidence regarding the temporal trends...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective To determine the impact of psoas muscle health (cross-sectional area, CSA) on achieving minimal clinically important differences (MCID) in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following laminectomy for patients with predominant back pain (PBP) and leg pain (PLP). Summary of Background Data P...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort Objective To identify the predictors of slower and non-improvement following surgical treatment of L4-5 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS). Summary of Background Data There is limited evidence regarding clinical and radiological predictors of slower and non-improvement following surgery for L4-5 DLS. Me...
Article
Study design Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Objective To determine the impact of preoperative symptom duration on postoperative functional outcomes following cervical disc replacement (CDR) for radiculopathy. Summary of Background Data CDR has emerged as a reliable and efficacious treatment option for degenerative cervical...
Article
Study Design Review of Chat Generative Pretraining Transformer (ChatGPT) outputs to select patient-focused questions. Objective We aimed to examine the quality of ChatGPT responses to cervical spine questions. Background Artificial intelligence and its utilization to improve patient experience across medicine is seeing remarkable growth. One such...
Article
Study Design Retrospective review of a prospectively collected multi-surgeon registry. Objective To evaluate the outcomes of minimally invasive (MI) decompression in patients with severe degenerative scoliosis (DS) and identify factors associated with poorer outcomes. Summary of Background Context MI decompression has gained widespread acceptance...
Article
Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: To compare the demographics, perioperative variables, and complication rates following cervical disk replacement (CDR) among patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Summary of background data: The prevalence of MetS-involving concurrent obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension,...
Article
Objective To discuss patient demographics and management and better understand the economic impact associated with the treatment of facial fractures at a major metropolitan level 1 trauma center. Study Design Retrospective chart review. Methods We identified 5088 facial fractures in 2479 patients who presented from 2008 to 2022. Patient demograph...
Article
Background Although a few recent studies showed good outcomes in back pain-predominant patients following decompression alone, none of the studies had a comparative fusion group. Purpose We sought to compare outcomes of minimally invasive decompression alone versus fusion in patients with predominant back pain. Methods This retrospective cohort s...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort study Objective (1) To develop a reliable grading system to assess the severity of posterior intervertebral osteophytes and (2) to investigate the impact of posterior intervertebral osteophytes on clinical outcomes following L5-S1 decompression and fusion via anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) and minimally-i...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: The use of social media applications to disseminate information has substantially risen in recent decades. Spine and back pain-related hashtags have garnered several billion views on TikTok. As such, these videos, which share experiences, offer entertainment, and educate users about spinal surgery, have become increasingly influential. H...
Article
Study Design Retrospective cohort. Objective To compare the characteristics of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) metrics when interpreting Neck Disability Index (NDI) following cervical spine surgery. Methods Patients who underwent primary cervical fusion, discectomy, or laminectomy wer...
Article
Background Neuroblastomas rarely occur as primary tumors in the cervical region. Therefore, very little has been reported regarding treatment strategies, complications, and outcomes of these cervical neuroblastomas. The goal of this study is to review the presentation, management, and outcomes of all primary cervical pediatric neuroblastoma cases a...
Article
Importance Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) of the parotid to prevent further growth and potential future malignant transformation. While historical case series have reported transformation rates as high as 10%, there is a lack of contemporary methodologically sound data. Objective To examine the rate of carcinom...
Article
Background Head and neck (H&N) sarcomas in children can poise numerous challenges to the surgical oncologist and require multidisciplinary input and meticulous surgical planning. The application of computer‐assisted design/computer‐assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has been extensively examined in H&N reconstruction in adults, but its utility in abl...
Article
Full-text available
Objective Despite growing interest in cervical disc replacement (CDR) for conditions such as cervical radiculopathy, limited data exists describing the impact of obesity on early postoperative outcomes and complications. These data are especially important as nearly half of the adult population in the United States is expected to become obese (body...
Article
Natural killer (NK) cell functionality is a strong indicator of favorable prognosis in cancer patients, making NK cells an appealing therapeutic target to prevent lymph node dissemination. We engineered liposomes that are conjugated with anti‐CD335 antibodies for NK cell targeting, and the apoptotic ligand TRAIL to kill cancer cells. Liposomes were...
Article
Study Design Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Objective The objective of this study is to synthesize the early data regarding and analyze the safety profile of outpatient lumbar fusion. Summary of Background Data Preforming lumbar fusion in an outpatient or ambulatory setting is becoming an increasingly employed strategy to provide effective v...
Article
Study Design Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained multi-surgeon registry. Objective To study recovery kinetics and associated factors following cervical spine surgery. Summary of Background Data Few studies have described return to activities cervical spine surgery. This is a big gap in the literature as preoperative counseling and...
Article
Study design: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected registry. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of frailty and radiographical parameters on postoperative dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS). Summary of background data: There is a growing body of literature indicating an ass...
Article
Background context: Although outpatient spine surgery is becoming increasingly popular in the United States, unplanned readmission following outpatient surgery remains a significant postoperative concern. Purpose: This study aimed to (1) describe the incidence and timing of 30-day unplanned readmission after ambulatory lumbar and cervical spine su...
Article
Study design: Retrospective cohort. Summary of background data: Although minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) are utilized to interpret Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), it is unclear whether there is a clearly better metric between the two and if not, which metric should be utilized when. Ob...
Article
Background Performing lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) in a single prone position may pose many advantages over the traditional lateral decubitus position, but there are questions concerning its safety profile and outcomes. Purpose We sought to study the safety and efficacy of LLIF performed with the patient in the prone position. Methods W...
Article
Study design: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Objective: To analyze the learning curves of three spine surgeons for robotic minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF). Summary of background data: Although the learning curve for robotic MI-TLIF has been described, the current evidence is of low qua...
Article
Study design: Retrospective chart review. Objective: This study aimed to examine postoperative radiculitis after isolated L5-S1 ALIF, determine which factors contribute to its development, and investigate the comparative outcomes of patients with vs. without postoperative radiculitis. Summary of background data: Both stand-alone and traditiona...
Article
Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess trends in disparities in utilization of hospital outpatient departments (HOPDs) and ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs) for outpatient ACDF (OP-ACDF) between white, Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander patients from 2015-2018 in New York state. Su...
Article
Study design: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Objective: To describe the learning curve for percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and demonstrate its efficacy in treating lumbar disc herniation. Summary of background data: The learning curve for PTED has not yet been standardized in the literature. Met...
Article
Study design: Retrospective cohort. Objective: To compare navigation and robotics in terms of clinical outcomes following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF). Summary of background data: While robotics has been shown to have advantages like reduced radiation exposure, greater screw size, and slightly better accu...
Article
Study design: Retrospective chart review. Objective: To elucidate the demographics of patient referrals from different sources and identify factors that affect a patient's likelihood of undergoing surgery. Summary of background data: Despite baseline factors for surgical consideration, such as attempting conservative management, surgeons encou...
Article
Background context: Although some previous studies have analyzed predictors of non-improvement, most of these have focused on demographic and clinical variables and have not accounted for radiological predictors. In addition, while several studies have examined the degree of improvement after decompression, there is less data on the rate of improv...
Article
Study design: Retrospective review of prospectively collected multi-surgeon data. Objective: Examine the rate, clinical impact, predictors of subsidence after expandable MI-TLIF cage. Summary of background data: Expandable cage technology has been adopted in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) to reduce the risk...
Article
Study Design. Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Objective. To determine the Neck Disability Index (NDI) cut-off for achieving patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) at 6 months following degenerative cervical spine surgery. Summary of Background Data. An absolute score denoting PASS might be a better marker to assess clini...
Article
Study design: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Objective: To determine the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) cut-off for achieving patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) at 1 year following minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery. Summary of background data: An absolute score denoting PASS, rather than a change score denoti...
Article
Full-text available
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death, and its mortality is associated with metastasis and chemoresistance. We demonstrate that oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cells are sensitized to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Oxaliplatin-resistant cells exhibited transcriptional downregulation of caspase-10, but this had minimal effects on TRAI...
Preprint
Full-text available
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death, and its mortality is associated with metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. We demonstrate that oxaliplatin-resistant (OxR) CRC cells are sensitized to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Oxaliplatin-resistant cells exhibited transcriptional downregulation of caspase-10, but this effect was...
Article
Lipid rafts are tightly packed, cholesterol- and sphingolipid-enriched microdomains within the plasma membrane that play important roles in many pathophysiologic processes. Rafts have been strongly implicated as master regulators of signal transduction in cancer, where raft compartmentalization can promote transmembrane receptor oligomerization, sh...
Conference Paper
p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second leading cause of cancer related death in the United States. Clinical studies show combination chemotherapy cocktails increase Stage IV patient progression free survival when containing 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX). Despite an initial response rate of 40-50%, patients undergoing FOL...

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