Teijo Palander

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• Professor
• Professor (Full) at University of Eastern Finland

This study aimed to model and identify the most productive cutting methods of tree plantations by comparing a forward felling technique (C) with sideways techniques outside (A and D) or inside cutting edge (B and E). Drone video material of each tree was analyzed by comparing time distribution of work phases. The relation between this input data an...

The fuel consumption of a harvester–operator system was modeled to select logging methods by comparing the forward felling technique (C) and the sideways techniques at the logging edge (A and D) or inside of the stand (B and E). To that end, trees’ logging cycle process data were collected using a drone for time consumption analysis. The fuel consu...

The importance of the security of wood supply has been emphasized in recent years due to the environmental issues and changes in operating environments. Thanks to resiliency in wood procurement, organizations with decentralized plants may be able to quickly adapt to the changing needs of society toward Industry 5.0. The main aim of this study was t...

The aim was to model and identify the most productive cutting methods by comparing forward felling technique (C) with sideways techniques outside (A and D) or inside cutting edge (B and E). First, drone video material of each tree was analyzed by comparing time distributions of work phases. Then, the relation between this input data and harvester’s...

The aim of this research was to determine the most productive tree-cutting methods, and the factors influencing them, in flat and sloping terrains in tree plantations in Brazil. The study utilized drone-captured video material from harvesting operations in eucalyptus and pine plantations. In both terrains, two cutting methods were compared, differi...

Purpose of Review The forest industry has deployed systems of information and communication technology to improve the productivity of forest supply chains. In this sense, the digitalization of data flows significantly impacts wood supply chains, from forest to mills, which must react flexibly to market fluctuations of forest products. The goal of t...

The aim of the research was to determine the most productive tree cutting methods and the factors influencing them in flat and sloping terrain in tree plantations in Brazil. The study utilized drone-captured video material from eucalyptus and pine plantations harvesting operations. In both terrains, two cutting methods were compared, differing in t...

Purpose of review: The forest industry has deployed ICTs to improve productivity of forest supply chains. In this sense, digitalization of data flows significantly impacts wood supply chains, from forest to mills, which must react flexibly to market fluctuations of forest products. The goal of this study was to conduct a literature review on data f...

This study was set up to find out how Finnish timber transport entrepreneurs perceive their operating environment in terms of using larger and heavier vehicles (LHVs and HCVs), with the main aim of providing guidance for developing sustainable policies that would improve timber transportation. A total of 100 entrepreneurs responded to a questionnai...

BOOK ABSTRACT BOOK

The importance of the national security of supply has been emphasized in recent years due to the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in operating environments. Thanks to autonomy and resiliency in fuel procurement, organizations with decentralized energy plants may be able to quickly adapt to the changing needs of society. The main aim of this study was...

The importance of the national security of supply has been emphasized in recent years due to the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in operating environments. Thanks to autonomy and resiliency in fuel procurement, organizations with decentralized energy plants may be able to quickly adapt to the changing needs of society. The main aim of this study was...

The particle size distribution of woodworking residues influences the quality of the biofuels made of these materials. Hence, it is essential to investigate the fractional composition of raw materials for pellet production. Tested materials originated from ten parquet manufacturing facilities located in western Poland. The research material consist...

The aim of this study was to find out the CHP plant’s ability to pay for wood with different wood fuel procurement chains and to determine the company’s wood procurement area for the renewable forest. For the formulation of the model, the income received from the sale of energy and the costs incurred from the procurement were collected as data. Aft...

More than 25% of the total energy consumption in Finland has been produced with wood fuels. Since 2012, the share has been greater than that of oil, coal, or natural gas. Internal carbon pricing is used to manage the risks in wood procurement after wood import from Russia ended. Further, the EU announced plans to sell more carbon emission permits t...

In southern Lapland, 70% of drained peatland forests have a peat layer thickness of less than one metre. On these sites, the question is how the subsoil under the peat affects groundwater level and thus timber harvesting. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the peat layer (<1 m) and subsoil on the groundwater level and its variat...

The internal carbon pricing is used to manage the risks in wood procurement of integrated material and energy production after wood import ended from Russia. Further, the European Union announced plans to sell more carbon emission permits to fund European Union’s exit from Russian energy. Therefore, new internal carbon pricing mechanism is develope...

The aim of this study was to measure and model the fuel consumption of cut-to-length (CTL) logging machinery in cutting and forwarding under Nordic harvesting conditions, and to clarify which factors had the greatest effect on the fuel consumption. In addition, the total annual fuel consumption and CO2eq emissions were calculated for CTL logging op...

The aim of this study was to measure and model the fuel consumption of cut-to-length (CTL) logging machinery in cutting and forwarding under Nordic harvesting conditions, and to clarify which factors had the greatest effect on the fuel consumption. In addition, the total annual fuel consumption and CO 2 eq emissions were calculated for CTL logging...

In this case study, the fuel consumption of a laden (i.e., the laden portion of the transport cycle) 92-tonne (92 t) high-capacity transport (HCT) timber truck combination was measured, modeled and compared to that of a normal 76 t timber truck combination in Finland. Fuel and CO2 emission savings, as well as potential resulting cost savings were a...

Highlights • Finnish road and pavement classes explain driving speed and fuel consumption of a timber truck. • Other significant explanatory variables include the number of road crossings, season, proportion of distance travelled with a loader, and total laden mass of a truck. • In the future, higher-resolution tracking data is needed to construct...

Supply-chain management of the forest industry focuses on improving client services which requires efficient collaboration between organizations in practice. Therefore, collaboration of third party logistics (3PL) and fourth party logistics (4PL) companies were analyzed using a survey and the inductive organizational gap-analysis. The supply-chain...

Investments toward a carbon-neutral forest industry will change forestry and wood procurement in Northern Finland. The changing market situation requires data-driven DSSs for the strategic management of logistics. Using this software, logistics were described by a continuing wood flow model and optimized by a dynamic method. Three logistics scenari...

The faster market changes of EU’s CO 2 emission allowance price have increased operation challenges in wood supply of forest industry. The objectives of this study are to present basics of its data-driven modeling for purchasing renewable forest wood. Particularly, the effects of the changes in prices and available carbon sink are considered in man...

The EU’s climate and energy framework and Energy Efficiency Directive drive European companies to improve their energy efficiency. In Finland, the aim is to achieve carbon neutrality by 2035. Stora Enso Wood Supply Finland (WSF) had a target, by 2020, to improve its energy efficiency by 4% from the 2015 level. This case study researches the use of...

Decision Making Among Harvester Operators in Tree Selection and Need for Advanced Harvester Operator Assistant Systems (AHOASs) on Thinning Sites Thinning is challenging work, because the information received by the harvester operator about the trees and forest stand during cutting work is often incomplete and inaccurate. Therefore, guidance to...

Towards Better Environmental Performance in Timber Trucking with High Capacity Transports (HCTs) in Finland ------------------------ HCT timber trucks potentially yield significant benefits in industrial roundwood trucking by increasing the average payloads of each truck and decreasing the total number of timber loads required. In terms of the ml/...

CONCLUSIONS ▪ HCT timber trucks potentially yield significant benefits in industrial roundwood trucking by increasing the average payloads of each truck and decreasing the total number of timber loads required. ▪ In terms of the ml/tkm fuel-efficiency metric, the HCT truck was the most fuel efficient timber-trucking system in the study. ▪ Moreover,...

Climate change is challenging us. Three case studies of the Stora Enso - University of Eastern Finland cooperation are presented: ------------ 1) Chemical stump treatment by harvester against root-rot fungus, 2) The decaying spruce-forest (root-rot fungus) is felled economically with the help of special cutting method by cutting short stump pieces...

We clarified the allocation of the forest machine fleet for cutting methods from the energy-efficiency point of view related to the engine power of forest machines ------------------------------- AIMS OF STUDY --------------------------- To determine the total and average fuel consumption and GHG emissions caused by logging operations including cut...

The optimum energy and wood procurement scenario for its dynamic management in carbon neutral forest industry

Carbon neutrality of wood procurement of forest industry also means that in municipalities of provinces the relative difference between the largest sustainable and realized wood harvesting volumes (m3/m3) is positive. In these respects, the emission allowance cost calculation procedure of decision support system is useful for optimization of wood f...

The digitalization of the forest sector, the increased demand of energy-wood, as well as faster market changes have increased the number of challenges for wood procurement of the forest industry. The aim of the study is to optimize wood procurement (upstream of supply chain) of energy and material production in integrated situations, and to conside...

Forest industry corporations use quality management systems in their wood procurement operations. Spatial quality data are used to improve the quality of wood harvesting and to achieve environmental sustainability. Some studies have proposed new management systems based on LiDAR. The main aim of this study was to investigate how efficiently plannin...

The backhauling formulations are a better description of real transportation conditions. Actually, two-way backhauling was used in this study. The components of backhauling happen on the road-network components with varying percentages of them including the forest roads as well. This is an important aspect that must be taken into account when study...

Transportation of renewable wood is increasing, being a necessary operation in logistics of the environmentally sustainable forest industry. However, increasing the transportation capacity is a source of greenhouse gas emissions. In addition to trucks’ emissions, maintaining road infrastructure affects the environment by the emissions of increasing...

Harvennustyön keskeiseksi tavoitteeksi kuljettajat mainitsivat hyvälaatuisen sekä tilajärjestykseltään ja korkeussuhteeltaan tasaisen puuston. Havainnoinnin kohdistuminen puuvalinnassa kuljettajia pyydettiin nimeämään se osa puusta, mihin he kohdistavat katseensa ensin puuvalintaa tehdessään. Suurin osa kuljettajista teki puuvalintaa koko rungon la...

Wood transportation is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, which should be considered when the carbon neutrality of the forest industry is of concern. The EU is dedicated to improving technology for a carbon-neutral development. This study investigates carbon neutrality by improving road freight transportation fleets consisting of vari...

Abstract Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, mistä lisäinformaatiosta olisi eniten hyötyä hakkuukoneen kuljettajille työskentelyn aikana harvennuksilla sekä määritellä kuljettajan työtä avustavan järjestelmän ominaisuuksia. Tutkimus perustui 60 hakkuukoneen kuljettajan haastattelun tuloksiin. Harvennuksessa metsän kasvu ohjataan laadultaan par...

The presentation justifies carbon neutrality of wood transportation in Finland

Book chapter is published online and can be accessed at the below URLs: https://videleaf.com/product/prime-archives-in-environmental-research/ https://videleaf.com/the-profitability-of-cross-cutting-practices-in-butt-rotten-picea-abies-final-felling-stands/ -------------------- Abstract --------------------- Research Highlights: This study offers n...

In this literature review, the quantity of drained peatland forests, the present state of their growing stock and the needs for further drainage operations and discussed in southern Lapland in Finland were analysed and presented. In addition, the possibilities for wood procurement operations during the growing season and non-frost period in winter...

The book Advances in Energy Research is a compilation of cross-disciplinary research advances relating to technology development, engineering, policy, and management. - Description: - Decomposition-Coordination Model and Algorithm for Parallel Calculation of Power System State Estimation Problem - Mashauri Adam Kusekwa. The Dynamic Analysis of C...

The Finnish forest industry is committed to applying novel technologies for increasing carbon-neutral development and environmental sustainability in “green” circular industry. This study compares the energy efficiency indicators of road freight transportation. Additionally, effects of four mass limits of vehicle combinations are analyzed after a t...

Syöpöillä" hakkuukoneilla polttoaineen kulutus oli 2-4 desilitraa/m3 keskimääräistä korkeampi. Avohakkuulla polttoaineen kulutuksen vaihtelu polttoainepihien ja -syöppöjen hakkuukoneiden välillä oli pienempi, mutta kuitenkin useita desilitroja hakattua kiintokuutiometriä kohden. Kuormatraktoreilla L/m3 polttoaineen kulutuserot olivat pienemmät kuin...

In this study, the information needs of non-industrial private forest owners in Finland, after logging operations, were investigated. The study was carried out as an online survey in 2017. The survey was targeted at non-industrial private forest owners who had sold their timber during the previous 10 years (2008–2017) and whose email addresses were...

Comprehensive follow-up studies on the fuel consumption of logging machines (i.e., harvesters and forwarders) have not been conducted during the previous fifteen years in Finland, and only a few exist for global, long-term studies of wood harvesting machinery. Emission calculations require updated information about fuel consumption in cut-to-length...

Research Highlights: This study offers new information on the cross cutting of decayed stems with the sounding of short (0.5 m) offcuts and the bucking of longer (3.0 m) butt-rotten poles. Background and Objectives: The root and butt-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Fr.) Bref. causes wood quality damage to trees in softwood forests. Wh...

The single-grip harvester may result in stem damages to the remaining trees during the thinning, thereby reducing the growth and wood quality of the trees. These concerns amplify the need for a decision support system for monitoring the stem damages in sustainable wood supply. One way to support harvesting-quality monitoring involves the applicatio...

The European governments are dedicated to improving technologies for increasing sustainable and carbon-neutral development. Previous studies have suggested that the use of renewable forest products can mitigate climate change so that the costs of adaptation are limited. This study investigates the positive impacts (in terms of four energy efficienc...

In Finland, the target is that in the future, the measurement and monitoring of thinning work quality will be extensively automated. In the near future, when stem damage is automatically measured and monitored in thinnings, it is likely that it will be carried out with images taken by cameras attached to forest machines, with the further applicatio...

In the future, the monitoring of tree damages due to thinning operations can be done automatically during logging, for example, through images taken by cameras attached to forest machines. When taking images from forest machines, the photographing direction is usually away from the strip road, thus damages on the sides and back of the trees are not...

In the future, the monitoring of tree damages due to thinning operations can be done automatically during logging, for example, through images taken by cameras attached to forest machines. When taking images from forest machines, the photographing direction is usually away from the strip road, thus damages on the sides and back of the trees are not...

METSÄALAN AMMATTILEHTI: Link: https://www.ammattilehti.fi/uutiset.html?174156 Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin hakkuukoneiden ja kuormatraktoreiden polttoaineen kulutusta seurantatutkimuksella, joka oli käynnissä maaliskuusta 2018 huhtikuuhun 2019. Polttoaineen kulutusdataa kerättiin hakkuusta yhteensä 520 puunkorjuutyömaalta ja metsäkuljetuksesta 328...

The European governments are dedicated to improving technologies for increasing carbon-neutral development. Previous studies have suggested that the use of renewable forest products (rather than fossil products) can mitigate climate change so that the costs of adaptation of transportation are limited. This study investigates the positive impacts (i...

The future goal of quality management of timber harvesting is that the quality information relatedto the harvested stand could be collected automatically during the harvesting work. Automatic measurement, processing and utilization of quality information of stand and soil would be possible during the harvesting. Collected information could be share...

•Tulevaisuudessa puunkorjuun laadun mittaaminen ja raportointi voivat tapahtua automaattisesti työskentelyn yhteydessä esimerkiksi metsäkoneista käsin otettujen kuvien ja niiden kuvatulkinnan avulla. •Kuvattaessa jäävää puustoa metsäkoneista on kuvaussuunta yleensä ajouralta poispäin, jolloin runkojen sivuilla ja takana olevat puustovaurioteivät nä...

Lecture Notes was prepared first in the University of Joensuu, currently the University of Eastern Finland. These have been used as lecture material since 2000, but they may be useful somewhere. We are grateful for your updates...

Suomen metsäkeskuksen tuoreiden harvennusten korjuujäljen inventointitulosten mukaan hieman yli puolella harvennushakkuista korjuujälki oli suositusten mukainen viime vuonna. Toisaalta harvennusleimikoista 42 prosentilla korjuujälki oli lain mukainen ja kahdella prosentilla se oli virheellinen. Hyvä korjuujälki on meille kunnia-asia! Viime vuonna y...

Energiatehokkuuden merkitys puunkorjuuyrityksissä on kasvussa. Itä-Suomen yliopisto selvitti Stora Enson Metsän laajavastuisten kone- ja autoyritysten energiatehokkuuden nykytilaa ja tulevaisuuden näkymiä. Yrittäjät suhtautuvat positiivisesti energiatehokkuuteen, mikä luo hyvän pohjan lähteä kehittämään energiatehokkuutta

Stora Enso Wood Supply Finland (WSF) was certified to the ISO 50001 Energy Efficiency Management System standard in 2015. At Stora Enso WSF, the goal is to improve energy efficiency by 4% by 2020 from 2015. Improving the energy efficiency of wood procurement (i.e. logging and timber trucking) enterprises is currently one of the main focus areas for...

Previous studies have suggested that the use of high-capacity transportation (HCT) can lead to low-carbon road-transportation in the forest industry. This study shows the impacts (in terms of energy efficiency) of a three-year adaptation process of transportation (2014–2016) towards HCT that took place in a synchronized transportation system (STS)....

Monitoring systems were applied to a single-grip harvester logging cut-to-length roundwood in Finland. Using single-grip harvesters may results in stem damages to the remaining trees during thinning, thereby reducing the growth and wood quality of the trees. These concerns justify the need for a decision support system to monitor stem damage in sus...

Trestima -metsänmittausjärjestelmä on metsien inventointiin kehitetty palvelu. Puhelimeen ladataan sovellus, jolla otetaan valokuvia metsästä älypuhelimen kameran avulla. Otetut kuvat ladataan pilvipalveluun, jossa niiden perusteella estimoidaan puustotunnukset jokaiselle kuval-le. Yhdeltä kuviolta otettujen kuvien perusteella lasketaan puustotunnu...

In this lecture, bucking are considered in a wood procurement region of Finland. This multiple objective decision-making situation includes the timber purchase from forest owners and the lumber sales from sawmill to abroad. In practice, this decision problem has been solved by applying single-objective stem bucking instructions in harvesters. Due t...

Energy efficiency is important measure for sustainable and environmentally efficient logistics and wood procurement. It is necessary parameter in optimization of wood procurement by methods and tools of operation research.

Stora Enso is committed to the continuous improvement of energy efficiency. At the Group level, the target is to reduce electricity and heat consumption by 15% by 2020 compared to 2010. Stora Enso Wood Supply Finland (WSF) was certified to the ISO 50001 Energy Efficiency Management System Standard in 2015. At Stora Enso WSF, our goal is to improve...

Attitudes towards Energy Efficiency among Logging and Timber-trucking Entrepreneurs – A Case Study of Stora Enso

The root and butt-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Fr.) Bref. causes severe damage to forests. When cutting butt-rotten forest stands by single-grip harvesters, it is extremely important that a decayed part of stem is cut away and the healthy log section of a stem is cut as much as possible to sawlogs. It can be presupposed that when a...

A third of the final energy demand and almost a fifth of total emissions in the European Union is caused by road transportation. Advanced biofuels and larger and heavier vehicles have been seen in the literature as one potential logistics solution with which to improve the energy efficiency of the forest industry. The Finnish government aims to cre...

In the survey by Stora Enso Wood Supply Finland (WSF) and the University of Eastern Finland, the future needs of non-industrial private forest owners was mapped out, regarding the new quality reporting applications of logging operations in Finland. The study was carried out as a Webropol survey in May 2017. Forest owners who had sold timber to Stor...

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin kantokäsittelyaineen kulutusta ja siihen vaikuttavia tekijöitä sekä kantokäsittelytyön laatua eli kantokäsittelyaineen peittävyyttä kannon pinnalla. - Havupuupoistuman keskijäreydellä ja edelleen hakkuutavalla oli erittäin merkittävä vaikutus kantokäsittelyaineen kulutukseen. - Kantokäsittelytyön laatu todettiin hyväksi 7...

Different abiotic and biotic disturbances are expected to become more common in the future due to a warming climate. Globally, post-disturbance salvage logging is becoming more predominant to recover economic value from timber in disturbed forests. This study collected comparative time-study data and analyzed the productivity of cutting for windfal...

Abstract: In this chapter, the energy efficiency measures of the service providers, 3PLs, under increasing sustainable use of wood supply are discussed. The development of energy efficiency measure of renewable wood flow has been seen in literature as one of the most effective approach to reach acceptable logistics for 100% carbon-neutral wood proc...

In this study, we consider a potential Finnish solution to sustainable energy production to satisfy the European Union's forestrelated energy policies related to climate change. Conventional energy production includes a number of fossil fuel, peat, and renewable fuel procurement chains that supply a combined heat and power (CHP) plant during differ...

In this study, timber trade scenarios are considered in a wood procurement region of Finland. This multiple objective decision-making situation includes the timber purchase from forest owners and the lumber sales from sawmill to abroad. The situation is further complicated by a number of stem bucking instructions of sawmill during different periods...

Heterobasidion spp. root rot causes severe damage to forests throughout the northern temperate zone. In order to prevent Heterobasidion infection in summertime cuttings, stumps can be treated with urea or Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, the consumption of stump treatment materials and the quality of stump treatment work were investigated. A to...

First Author: Kalle Kärhä. In several studies, the harwarder has proven to be a more cost-effective wood harvesting system than the traditional two-machine (harvester-forwarder) system, especially when the average stem size of the marked stand is relatively small, the removals per hectare/stand low (i.e. the harvesting site small), and the forwardi...

”A small talk for pseudo leadership is nothing, management is everything”......... (suom.”Henkilöjohtaminen riittää hyväksi aluksi, mutta prosesseista vastaava asiajohtaminen vie pitkälle”) ........ Puunhankinta-käsite voidaan määritellä monella eri tavalla. Perinteistä määrittelyä tuskin on ole olemassakaan. Jos joku näin väittää, hän on huonosti...

Cut-to-length harvesting is a cost-efficient method of the wood supply chain. However, it risks causing stem damage in the mechanized process of thinning forest stands, thereby reducing the growth and technical quality of the remaining trees, which would then be exposed on the increased vulnerability to fungal diseases. For these reasons, it is cri...

The Editorial, dedicated to FORMEC 2017 Meeting, presents "new issues and perspectives in forestry and forest engineering, and related fields - technology, financing, or forestry political agendas".

The study focused on the frequency of applying a manual tree-stem bucking to logs in coniferous forests of Finland. The aim of the study was to clarify harvesting conditions where manual log bucking is utilized most and the effects of the utilization of manual bucking on the log bucking outcome. In addition to the stm Big Data of harvesters, in ord...

A quarter of the total primary energy demand in the European Union is met by road transportation. Finnish government allowed larger and heavier vehicles (LHVs) to operate freely on Finnish roads in October 2013. The new regulation for transport engineering increased the maximum weight limit of LHVs to 76 t from the previous limit of the European mo...

The study results indicated that the share of log section removal of stands (m In this study, timber trade scenarios are considered in a wood procurement region of Finland. This multiple-objective decision environment includes the timber purchase from forest owners and lumber sales from the sawmill to abroad. The decision environment is further com...

In this study, it was investigated the consumption of stump treatment materials and the quality of stump treatment work. The results indicated that the consumption of stump treatment material depends significantly on the average stem size of softwood removal. The consumption of stump treatment material was, on average, 1.09 dm3/m3 in first-thinning...

Recent progress of renewable energy, smart grid, and nanomaterial lithium-ion battery, solar cells, and ferroelectrics Recent progress of renewable energy, smart grid, and nanomaterial This book is constructed by experts in diverse fields of renewable energy and its related materials. Chapter 1 is organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites: o...