Tawfik Ismail

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor at Cairo University

This study investigates the potential of patterned multiple-layer anti-reflection coatings (MLARCs) integrated with nanocrystalline quantum dots (NQDs) to enhance silicon solar cell (Si-SC) performance by significantly reducing reflection losses. Through a combination of experimental characterization and numerical modeling, the impact of single-lay...

The rapid increase in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) usage across various sectors has heightened the need for robust detection and tracking systems due to safety and security concerns. Traditional methods like radar and acoustic sensors face limitations in noisy environments, underscoring the necessity for advanced solutions such as deep learning‐...

This research focuses on improving the energy conversion efficiency of plasmonic silicon solar cells by introducing a novel design. This involves integrating periodic nanostructures composed of silver into the silicon active layer, and applying a top antireflection coating of Si\(_3\)N\(_4\). Through the optimization of the dimensions of the silver...

The aggressive nature of breast cancer makes it the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Infrared thermal imaging has great potential for early prediction of breast cancer, offering non-invasive, cost-effective, non-radiation exposure and applicability to be used regularly for both young and old women. The infrared energy emitted by the...

This paper presents an advanced framework for securing 6G communication by integrating deep learning and physical layer security (PLS). The proposed model incorporates multi-stage detection mechanisms to enhance security against various attacks on the 6G air interface. Deep neural networks and a hybrid model are employed for sequential learning to...

This paper investigates the thermal effects of excimer and Nd:YAG lasers on ex vivo rabbit corneas. Thermal images were obtained and utilized to classify laser ablation using a CNN constructed with Python

In recent research, there has been a significant focus on establishing robust quantum cryptography using the continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol based on Gaussian modulation of coherent states (GMCS). Unlike more stable fiber channels, one challenge faced in free-space quantum channels is the complex transmittance charact...

Optical transmission is a widely used technique that uses the interaction of light and viral molecules to identify viruses in a variety of materials. This method involves using incident laser beams characterized by different wavelengths within the visible and infrared spectrum. In this study, we present an optical experiment designed specifically t...

Purpose: To design and analyze a highly sensitive and stable metamaterial-based Terahertz (THz) biosensor for virus detection. Methods: The proposed THz biosensor utilizes a flower-shaped resonator design enabling miniaturization and precise control over THz pulse interaction with biological samples. The sensor's design is characterized, and its se...

This paper investigates the improvement of energy conversion efficiency in thin-film silicon solar cells by employing periodic nanostructures of ${{\rm TiO}_2}$ on the silicon active layer and a back reflector featuring periodic nanostructures of silver. The objective is to increase the optical path length, enhance absorption probability for longer...

Waste is considered a significant environmental issue in modern times thus the purpose of this paper is to compare the use of different waste materials in replacing aggregates in concrete. This study investigates the potential of incorporating plastic waste (PW), textile sludge (TS), and construction and demolition waste (CDW) into concrete as sust...

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deployed in remote areas face a challenge in uploading the collected data to data centers due to limited network coverage. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can extend network coverage to remote WSNs by flying and communicating with WSN aggregator nodes to collect data. UAV-assisted data collection systems need to be c...

In the contemporary digital era, ensuring the security of sensitive data and communication is of paramount significance. Encryption methods have been widely employed to safeguard data transmission over public channels. However, the exponential growth in computational power has led to concerns regarding the potential vulnerability of encryption meth...

The construction sector is one of the most significant contributors to the carbon footprint. Buildings are primarily responsible for emitting high levels of carbon throughout their entire life cycle, from construction to operation and disposal. Researchers have discussed carbon dioxide emissions from different references and ways of reduction and m...

Digital twins are an emergent technology that has seen a recent surge in case studies mostly focused on life cycle management and predictive analysis for various industries and domains. The technology offers the ability to have a deep insight into the inner operations of any system, the interaction between different parts of the system ,and the fut...

This study presents the design and characterization of a highly Q-Factor and ultrasensitive THz refractive-index-based metamaterial biosensor for detecting coronaviruses at electronic infusion device (EID) concentrations 0.01 and 1000. The proposed biosensor is constructed using a gold plane perforated by a star shape. Moreover, the developed struc...

As climate change becomes an urgent issue that must be tackled immediately, several disciplines are making efforts to mitigate its effects. One of the disciplines that must be addressed to mitigate the negative impacts it has on the environment is the installation of telecommunication towers. An ever-increasing number of telecommunication towers ma...

This research introduces cutting-edge advancements in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology. It begins by presenting a state-of-the-art user localization algorithm based on trilateration, which accurately determines user positions in NOMA systems. Additionally, two innovative algorithms, MP (maximize number of paired users) and ME (maxim...

Visible Light Communications have demonstrated improvements in communication spectral efficiency, achieving data rates in the THz range, when combined with RF transmitters. One such load balancing approach involves using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) in conjunction with WiFi, known collectively as LiFi. However, numerous research challenges arise du...

Visible Light Communications have demonstrated improvements in communication spectral efficiency, achieving data rates in the THz range, when combined with RF transmitters. One such load balancing approach involves using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) in conjunction with WiFi, known collectively as LiFi. However, numerous research challenges arise du...

Communication towers are vital assets in our daily lives as they transfer signals between cell phones facilitating communication and commerce among people and businesses all around the world. Wind loads are crucial in the communication towers design since they are tall and slender. With climate change bringing more storms and higher wind speeds, it...

The challenge of tracking unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is arising out of increasing their market and spread usage in many applications. Miscuing UAVs can lead to potential threats as they are considered an essential part of national security. One of the major issues in communication with UAVs is the enormous amount of data generated by UAVs that...

Mobile edge computing (MEC) allows mobile devices to offload computationally intensive tasks to nearby base stations equipped with computational resources. MEC also provides a solution for supporting low latency responses. However, MEC increases the system power consumption by adding extra computational units. It is important to carefully plan comp...

Long-Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks have transformed the mobile business, as users increasingly require various network services such as video streaming, online gaming, and video conferencing. A network planning approach is required for network services to meet user expectations and meet their needs. The User DownLink (UE DL) throughput is...

Although the light-emitting diode (LED) was discovered in the 1900s, it is now widely used in lighting, screens, and a variety of other indoor and outdoor applications. (Organic Light Emitting Diode) OLED is one of the advancing branches of LED technology. In the structure of Alq3 OLEDs, high-light-efficiency optical materials such as TPD (hole tra...

Visible light communication (VLC) is a technology that is currently being employed to achieve high data rates. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a powerful scheme for intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) that is becoming increasingly important. OFDM systems based on VLC are accomplished through the implementation of...

Detection of partial discharge (PD) is vital to reassure the operation reliability of high voltage (HV) electrical power systems. Optical detection methods have been developed in recent years due to their high sensitivity and immunity to electromagnetic interference. In this work, D-shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface plasmon reso...

This paper develops and evaluates a new topology of a planar metamaterial terahertz sensor. The sensor is constructed by overlapping two E-shaped gold patches placed on top of a grounded dielectric substrate. The absorption spectrum includes peak resonances as a result of the electric field being contained within the gaps between the metallic arms....

Organic solar cells performance enhancement is driven by improvements in device parameters. Compared to conventional silicon-based devices, the photo-generation process in organic devices is more complicated. This work investigates the possibility of improving the device performance theoretically by inserting microscopic parameters such as mobility...

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a promising technology that has the potential to meet the latency requirements of next-generation mobile networks. Since MEC servers have limited resources, an orchestrator utilizes a scheduling algorithm to decide where and when each task should execute so that the quality of service (QoS) of each task is achieved. T...

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) based on free-space optical (FSO) systems combine the benefits of both the high data rate of the FSO and the mobility of UAV. However, cumulative effects of laser beam divergence and turbulence-induced fading on the received irradiance in the FSO link might allow an external eavesdropper located near the authorized re...

In this article, a new approach for optical partial discharge (PD) detection in gas-insulted systems is introduced for the first time to the best of our knowledge. The suggested sensor is based on plasmonic D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF). Further, bimetallic grating structure of Ag/Au is utilized to enhance the sensor sensitivity. For light...

Light fidelity (LiFi) has successfully achieved high data transfer rates, high security, great availability, and low interference. In this paper, we propose a LiFi system consisting of a combination of non-orthogonal multi-access (NOMA), asymmetrically-clipped optical (ACO), and filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) techniques combined with offset quadra...

Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) using a local-local oscillator (LLO) is recently proposed to overcome security issues in conventional CV-QKD systems. However, Eve can manipulate the phase or amplitude of the phase reference pulse (PRP) transmitted over the insecure quantum channel, which has opened the door to new security iss...

Quantum cryptography is a promising technology that achieves unconditional security, which is essential to a wide range of sensitive applications. In contrast to optical fiber, the free-space optical (FSO) link is efficiently used as a quantum channel without affecting the polarization of transmitted photons. However, the FSO link has several impai...

This paper presents a radio optical network simulation tool (RONST) for modeling optical-wireless systems. For a typical optical and electrical chain environment, performance should be optimized concurrently before system implementation. As a result, simulating such systems turns out to be a multidisciplinary problem. The governing equations are in...

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, have gained widespread interest in civilian and military applications, which has led to the development of novel UAVs that can perform various operations. UAVs are aircraft that can fly without the need of a human pilot onboard, meaning they can fly either autonomously or be remotely...

Glucose concentration change in solution was recorded by studying transmission and absorption coefficient at different laser wavelengths, showing decrease in transmittance and increase in absorption coefficient due to increased glucose concentration.

We present non-linear optical (NLO) and optical limiting (OL) properties of high pressure catalytic CO single-walled carbon nanotubes (HiPCO-SWCNTs) immobilized inside cross-linked poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) using 1 wt% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as surfactant and plasticizer. The content of HiPCO-SWCNTs was changed to be 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 a...

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used for a wide range of applications, including wireless communication systems, which have the potential to provide cost-effective wireless connectivity for a wide variety of applications. The present UAV models lack the flexibility needed to carry the mission’s varied payloads. As a result, appropriate design a...

Nowadays, a high level of security is required for the transmission of critical information. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems are considered the best option to protect such information. Many studies have shown the efficiency of the QKD optical fiber inspired by M-ary pulse position modulation (MPPM). This paper introduces the development of a...

Organic photovoltaic research is continuing in order to improve the efficiency and stability of the products. Organic devices have recently demonstrated excellent efficiency, bringing them closer to the market. Understanding the relationship between the microscopic parameters of the device and the conditions under which it is prepared and operated...

A blend of poly 3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) and [6, 6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is used as a photoactive layer for simulating a bulk heterojunction organic solar using general-purpose photovoltaic device model (GPVDM) software. The optical and electrical performance of the cell had been analyzed by changing the thickness of each laye...

The Electroencephalography (EEG) signals that indicate the electrical activity of the brain are acquired with a high sampling rate. Consequently, the size of the recorded EEG data is large. For storing and transmitting these data, large space and bandwidth are demanded. Therefore, preprocessing and compressing EEG data are important for efficient d...

The challenges of producing clean energy while preserving our environment have been an objective that is being actively pursued around the world. Developing a way to produce clean energy from the sun is one of the most promising approaches. However, while there is a plethora of activities in the solar cell area there seems to be much less activity...

The light fidelity (LiFi) has been successfully used to achieve high data transfer rates, high security, great availability, and low interference. In this paper, we propose a LiFi system consisting of a combination of non-orthogonal multi-access (NOMA), asymmetrically-clipped optical (ACO) and filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) techniques combined wit...

Filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) is considered a promising alternative to the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme. It improves spectral efficiency by eliminating the need for cyclic prefix while attenuating interference due to the robustness of the out-of-band emission. In this work, we present a framework, and the performance...

The inherent limitations of the network keep on going to be revealed with the continuous deployment of cellular networks. The next generation 6G is motivated by these drawbacks to properly integrate important rate-hungry applications such as extended reality, wireless brain-computer interactions, autonomous vehicles, etc. Also, to support significa...

In a vehicular communications environment, the need for information sharing, entertainment, and multimedia will increase, leading to congestion of backhaul networks. The major challenge of this network is latency and resource limitations. Proactive caching can be obtained from local caches rather than from remote servers, which can avoid long delay...

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: TE/TM pass filters optical multiplexer fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) double-loaded-on-ridge plasmonic materials extinction ratio insertion loss In this paper, TE/TM pass filters are introduced as a dual optical multiplexer in the fiber-to-the home (FTTH) uplink transmission. The architecture is implemented at 1330 nm wave...

The reduction of the high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) is important to the efficiency of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique. Excessive PAPR contributes to non-linear clipping induced harmonic distortions that reduce system reliability. In this article, a new technique for decreasing the high PAPR in OFDM with mini...

Filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) is considered a promising alternative to the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme. It improves spectral efficiency by eliminating the need for cyclic prefix while attenuating interference due to the robustness of the out-of-band emission. In this work, we present a framework, and the performance...

The rapid growth of vehicle demand, such as information sharing, entertainment, and multimedia contents, overwhelms the back-haul network. Due to this nature of the network that suffers from high link disconnections and limited resources, it is challenging to develop a new strategy to satisfy users' requirements. Proactive caching is a useful techn...

In free-space optical (FSO) communication, Distribution models such as lognormal, gamma-gamma, and k-distribution describe weak, moderate, and strong turbulence, respectively. Whereas Málaga (M) distribution is a powerful statistical model repeatedly mentioned in the literature due to its generality, Málaga (M) describes the three turbulence condit...

In this paper, we propose applying a parameter relaxation technique to the location estimation algorithm that is based on the Received Signal Strength (RSS) of Visible Light Communications (VLC). A hybrid system of localization balancing is introduced, where the localization algorithm is developed with and without this efficient parameter relaxatio...

Light Fidelity (LiFi) is a technology recently proposed that combines light and high-speed wireless communication using light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this paper, we propose and analyze a max/min dominant resource allocation algorithm in the LiFi system, including both LTE block assignment and power allocation. The main objective is to allocate t...

A virtualized radio access network (V-RAN) is considered one of the key research points in the development of 5G and the interception of machine learning algorithms in the Telecom industry. Recent technological advancements in Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Radio (SDR) are the main blocks towards V-RAN that have enabled...

This paper aims to help self-driving cars and autonomous vehicles systems to merge with the road environment safely and ensure the reliability of these systems in real life. Crash avoidance is a complex system that depends on many parameters, the forward-collision warning system is simplified into four main objectives: detecting cars, depth estimat...

In this paper, we introduce active material for an organic solar cell with a modified composition. A combination of P3HT: PCBM with parallel vertical LiF cylinders formulate the active material structure. The collection efficiency in the active material reaches. %. The operating wavelength where the maximum collection efficiency occurs is adjusted...