Tarun Kumar Upadhyay

Dept. of Biotechnology; Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Animal Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat-India · Biotechnology

glucan particles (GP) are polymeric carbohydrates, mainly found as components of cell wall fungi, yeast, bacteria and also in cereals such as barley and oat, and have been recently shown to have application in macrophage-targeted drug delivery. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize GP containing a large payload of Rifabutin (RB), an...

Beta-glucans are carbohydrates (glucose polymers) found in the cell walls of fungi, yeast, algae, lichens, and plants such as oats and barley. Beta-glucans bind to glucan receptor on phagocytic cells and modify these cells to become " immunologically active " by generating a variety of innate immune responses. Particulate beta-glucan has been speci...

Abstract: β-Glucans, complex polysaccharides from fungal and yeast cell walls, play a crucial role in modulating immune responses through their interaction with receptors such as Dectin-1. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the molecular mechanisms by which β-glucans activate receptor-mediated signaling pathways, focusing particularly...

Background Pancreatic cancer (PC), sometimes referred to as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is a major cause of global mortality from cancer. Pancreatic cancer is a very aggressive and devastating kind of cancer, characterized by limited options for therapy and low possibilities of survival. Sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring sulfur...

Inhalable microparticle-based anti TB drug delivery systems are being investigated extensively for Tuberculosis [TB] treatment as they offer efficient and deep lung deposition with several advantages over conventional routes. It can reduce the drug dose, treatment duration and toxic effects and optimize the drug bioavailability. Yeast derived β-glu...

In the present study, we have isolated β‑glucan from the baker’s yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae and white button mushroom Agaricus bisporus and tested their antioxidantpotential and anticancerous activity against prostate cancer cell line PC3. Particles were characterizedwith zeta sizer and further with FTIR that confirmed that the isolated particle...

This study investigated in vitro methods for the investigation of the potential anticancer effects of quercetin loaded and alginate-sealed β-Glucan particles derived from yeast against the DU145 cell line. In vitro evaluation using MTT assays demonstrated the cytotoxic effects of quercetin loaded and alginate-sealed particles against DU145 prostate...

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females. There are many side effects due to chemotherapy and traditional surgery, like fatigue, loss of appetite, skin irritation, and drug resistance to cancer cells. Immunotherapy has become a hopeful approach toward cancer treatment, gener...

Extensive research on medicinal plants showed the presence of chemical entities that may be used to treat various ailments. These bioactive components can also be derived from multiple natural sources, including plants, microorganisms, animals, and marine organisms. The therapeutic action of these vigilant molecules (phytocompounds) has emerged as...

Background: The rhizome of Zingiber officinale or ginger shows its potential against oxidative stress, microbial infections, and managing diabetes mellitus. Method: Chemical reagents and plant materials of analytical grade were procured. Aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale rhizome was prepared through maceration. FT-IR, heavy metal detection, UV...

This study aims to assess the therapeutic efficacy of Rifabutin-loaded β-glucan particles (DYDGP) in targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.) within host macrophage cells. Drug-loaded β-glucan microparticles were prepared using rifabutin for evaluating their therapeutic potential against in-vitro M.tb. infection in host macrophage cells. Our re...

Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a persistent global health challenge, prompting the exploration of innovative strategies to enhance prevention and treatment outcomes. Host-directed therapies have emerged as a promising avenue in TB management, potentially reshaping current treatment paradigms. This study investigates the efficacy of β-glucans...

The ultimate goal of nanoparticle‐based phototherapy is to suppress tumor growth. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photothermal photodynamic therapy (PDT) are two types of physicochemical therapy that use light radiation with multiple wavelength ranges in the near‐infrared to treat cancer. When a laser is pointed at tissue, photons are taken in the i...

Inhalable micro particle-based anti TB drug delivery systems are being investigated extensively for Tuberculosis [TB] treatment as they offer efficient and deep lung deposition with several advantages over conventional routes. It can reduce the drug dose, treatment duration and toxic effects and optimize the drug bioavailability. Yeast derived β-gl...

Leishmaniasis, which is caused by a parasitic protozoan of the genus Leishmania, is still a major threat to global health, impacting millions of individuals worldwide in endemic areas. Chemotherapy has been the principal method for managing leishmaniasis; nevertheless, the evolution of drug resistance offers a significant obstacle to therapeutic su...

Water, vital for life, faces contamination threats from both natural and human-induced sources, endangering aquatic life and our well-being. As global demands increase, waste generation rises, posing environmental risks while holding untapped potential in valuable biomolecules. This paper aims to examine the profound impact of water pollution on ec...

Cancer has become one of the most multifaceted and widespread illnesses affecting human health, causing substantial mortality at an alarming rate. After cardiovascular problems, the condition has a high occurrence rate and ranks second in terms of mortality. The development of new drugs has been facilitated by increased research and a deeper unders...

Background: The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing in India, even among young adult individuals. Rare adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) variants may be predominantly present in Indians and decrease the circulatory levels of APN (Adiponectin). Studies reported that ADIPOQ gene variants were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its c...

Background: Nanotechnology has introduced innovative approaches to clinical applications and drug delivery systems, and among the various nano-materials, AgNPs have garnered significant attention due to their biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and versatile applications in the medical field. A major cause of cancer related death in women a...

In the present article, we employed an eco-friendly methodology for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles. We utilized a freshly derived combination of egg white and coriander root waste as precursors for this process. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the synthesis, characterization, and anti-cancer properties of ZnO NPs produc...

Cancer is one of the utmost lethal diseases that disrupts metabolic pathways in a biological system where human cells acquire the transition from normal growth stages to neoplastic growth states, leading to the development of malignant tumours. It continues to be a problem for the world health, requiring constant innovation in prevention, early det...

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a prominent spice and vegetable crop farmed commercially worldwide. Variability is viewed as a key signal for any red onion enhancement effort. The current study was, therefore, carried out to learn about genetic variability and diversity among selected genotypes of 20 red onions at the C Block Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi...

With the objective of studying the influence of elicitors on the growth, yield, and quality of kalmegh, we carried out an investigation for two consecutive years. Nine treatments with three replications were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). Chitosan (CHT), yeast extract (YE), jasmone acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA)were evaluated...

The prevalence of cervical cancer in women is in the fourth position among various other types of cancer globally. Many established therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and immunomodulation, are present, but high levels of side effects cause mortality and morbidity among the patients. Zingiber officinale rhizome (ZOME) has been potentially u...

Graphical abstract Abstract Chilli is extensively grown all over the globe and is particularly important as a food. One of the most difficult issues confronting chilli cultivation is the requirement for accurate identification of leaf diseases. Leaf diseases have a negative impact on chilli production quality, resulting in significant losses for fa...

Apitherapy (using bee products) has gained broad recognition in cancer therapeutics globally. Honeybee venom has a broad range of biological potential, and its utilization is rapidly emerging in apitherapy. Bee products have significant potential to strengthen the immune system and improve human health. Thus, this review is targeted toward recapitu...

With the objective of studying the influence of elicitors on growth, yield and quality of kalmegh we carried out an investigation for two consecutive years. Nine treatments with three replications were laid out in CRD design. Chitosan, Yeast extract, Jasmonic acid and Salicylic acid were evaluated at different concentrations. CHT 1000 ppm exhibited...

Carvacrol is an active phenolic monoterpenoid with enormous anticancerous potential against numerous carcinomas, including prostate, gall bladder, and cervical, and has gained wider recognition in chemotherapeutics. Therefore, this review targeted to study and summarize various in vitro and in vivo research studies associated with the anticancerous...

Psidium guajava fruits are highly appreciated for their nutrients and bioactive compounds content, which contribute to their antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. The purpose of this study was to determine bioactive compound (phenolic, flavonoids, and carotenoid contents), antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC, and FRAP), and antibacterial pot...

The present study was conducted in order to describe the assemblage of wood decay fungi and mycomycetes associated with the Hail region in the North of Saudi Arabia by using incubation chambers. There was a collection of coarse woody debris from the study area, AL baithe, which was brought to the laboratory and placed inside a series of incubation...

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacillus M. tuberculosis, is one of the deadliest infectious illnesses of our day, along with HIV and malaria.Chemotherapy, the cornerstone of TB control efforts, is jeopardized by the advent of M. tuberculosis strains resistant to many, if not all, of the existing medications.Isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), pyra...

It is yet unknown what causes cardiovascular disease (CVD), but we do know that it is associated with a high risk of death, as well as severe morbidity and disability. There is an urgent need for AI-based technologies that are able to promptly and reliably predict the future outcomes of individuals who have cardiovascular disease. The Internet of T...

Garlic, a popular vegetable cum condiment is known widely for its health benefits, pharmacological properties and in curing several pathological conditions. This compelling horticultural bulb crop is propagated asexually from individual bulbils or cloves. It is an obligate apomict that lost its fertility and blooming potential long ago and probable...

Nowadays, there is a lot of public and scientific interest in the use of phytochemicals in the treatment of human ailments. Existing cancer medicines still run across obstacles, despite significant advancements in the field. For instance, chemotherapy may result in severe adverse effects, increased drug resistance, and treatment failure. Natural su...

Breast cancer is avertible yet one of the most widespread carcinomas globally. Though periodic screening and monitoring have resulted in reduced incidences, the malignancy claims increased death rates across the globe. Due to the non-specific and aggressive nature of available conventional cancer therapeutics, there is a crucial need for better tre...

The present research is focused on developing floating matrix tablets of mitiglinide to prolong its gastric residence time for better absorption. Gastroretentive tablets were prepared using a direct compression technique with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K15M (HPMC K15M) and sodium alginate as matrix-forming polymers and sodium bicarbonate as the...

Numerous cancers express platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs). By directly stimulating tumour cells in an autocrine manner or by stimulating tumour stromal cells in a paracrine manner, the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) pathway is crucial in the growth and spread...

Though there are several advancements and developments in cancer therapy, the treatment remains challenging. In recent years, the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from traditional herbs are focused for identifying and developing potential anticancer molecules. In this study, AMPs are identified from Sphaeranthus amaranthoides, a natural medicinal herb...

In tropical and subtropical regions of the world, leishmaniasis is endemic and causes a range of clinical symptoms in people, from severe tegumentary forms (such as cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and diffuse leishmaniasis) to lethal visceral forms. The protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania causes leishmaniasis, which is still a significant public h...

In this particular research study, a unique three-dimensional mixing technique was used to incorporate multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the KB cell line was used in the analysis of cytotoxicity, apoptosis detection, and cell viability using the MTT assay protocol. At low concentrations (0.001 to 0.1 g/...

Cancer is a complicated malignancy controlled by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. There has been a significant increase in interest in recent years in the elucidation of cancer treatments based on natural extracts that have fewer side effects. Numerous natural product‐derived chemicals have been investigated for their anticancer effects i...

Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies distinguished by differentiation blockage and uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid or lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB). There are various types of leukemia in which intensive chemotherapy regimens or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (H...

The review discusses the diagnostic application of biosensors as point‐of‐care devices in the COVID‐19 pandemic. Biosensors are important analytical tools that can be used for the robust and effective detection of infectious diseases in real‐time. In this current scenario, the utilization of smart, efficient biosensors for COVID‐19 detection is inc...

Cancer is characterized by persistent cell proliferation driven by aberrant cell cycle regulation and stimulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). A very intriguing and potential approach for the development of antitumor medicines is the suppression of CDKs that lead to induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The shift of the cell cycle fr...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have ushered in a new era of cancer treatment by increasing the likelihood of long-term survival for patients with metastatic disease and by introducing fresh therapeutic indications in cases where the disease is still in its early stages. Immune checkpoint inhibitors that target the proteins cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-asso...

Salinity‐induced ethylene production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibit agricultural productivity. The plant synthesizes ethylene directly from aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC). By using ACC as a nitrogen source, bacteria with ACC deaminase (ACCD) inhibit the overproduction of ethylene, thereby maintaining the ROS. The present study...

Globally, the issue of microbial resistance to medicines and heavy metals is getting worse. Tere are few reports or data available for Proteus vulgaris (P. vulgaris), particularly in India. Tis investigation intends to reveal the bacteria's ability to transmit genes and their level of resistance as well. Te wastewater samples were taken from severa...

Herbal medications or formulations are regularly recommended by clinicians as a potential therapeutic method for a variety of human ailments, including cancer. Although Prosopis juliflora extracts have shown promise in anticancer activity, the effects on prostate cancer and the accompanying molecular mechanisms of action are still unexplored. This...

PKP1 has been crucially involved in enhancing the MYC translation leading to lung carcinogenesis via evading numerous tumour-suppressing checkpoint systems. Plakophilin 1(PKP1) is the part of armadillo and plakophilin gene families and it is a necessary component of desmosomes. Several researches reported PKP1 protein as one of the most overexpress...

Nanotechnology covers a variety of scientific areas including chemistry, material science, physics, biomedicine, biology, and engineering. Metal nanohybrid with extraordinary properties is highly researched in comparison to bulky individual nanoparticles. Especially, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are a new class of functional nanohybrids havi...

Jab1 (C-Jun activation domain-binding protein-1) has been reported to be critically involved in regulating apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell cycle, thereby affecting numerous pathways, DDR (DNA damage response) regulation, and genomic instability. Jab1 (CSN5) dysregulation has been positively associated with oncogenesis via activating oncogenes a...

Sustainable agriculture is crucial for stimulating both developing and developed countries. Agriculture needs modernization and innovation to meet the increasing demands of food for the growing global population and to maintain environmental sustainability simultaneously. Nanotechnology has gained wider attention in food safety improvement and envi...

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women. Due to incomplete knowledge and hidden symptoms, it is not easily diagnosable. After the diagnosis of cervical cancer at an advanced stage, treatment such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy become too much costly along with having many side effects such as hair loss, loss of appe...