Tarik Hartani

Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique | ENSA

Freshwater resources are decreasing worldwide due to climate change, and severe water scarcity is the main challenge to food security (Murtaza et al., 2019). Most developing countries are facing rapid population growth, and the quality and quantity of food available for these growing populations is debatable (Murtaza et al., 2019). Central and West...

Notre analyse montre comment une petite agriculture entrepreneuriale, située à Oued Souf, a traversé une crise d’effondrement des prix de la pomme de terre grâce aux ressorts issus du répertoire séculaire des paysanneries soufies. Ce système de production sous pivot artisanal a réussi sur le plan socio-économique là où les programmes de la grande m...

Precipitation is one of the most significant components for the basin's hydrological cycle. Numerous features of a basin's water circulation may be affected by the chronological, geographical, and seasonal fluctuation of precipitation. It could be an important factor that influences hydrometeorological phenomena including floods and droughts. In th...

The challenges of water reuse in an oasis pioneer front located in Beriane Ghardaia Algeria. The lagune plant is used an unplanned irrigation ressource by a farmer community

The Sidi Rached watershed, located in the west of the Mitidja plain, is experiencing an important agricultural activity which is constantly increasing and is manifested by an excessive use of groundwater and inputs, in particular fertilizers. However, uncontrolled practices are observed and cause the deterioration of water and soil. To assess the c...

This paper is motivated by the pressing need to understand how water use and irrigated agriculture can be transformed in the interests of both social and environmental sustainability. How can such change come about? In particular, given the generally mixed results of simplified, state-initiated projects of social engineering, what is the potential...

User-led innovation is increasingly happening in a globalized context, connecting local experience to outside ideas, knowledge, and technologies. Alternatively, local innovations designed, manufactured and marketed for a particular context travel to other settings. We analyze the diffusion of a low-cost artisanal irrigation pivot from the Suf Valle...

Les modes d’accès aux terres agricoles permet de comprendre le lien entre l’accès au foncier et les logiques des agriculteurs de l’intégration de la jachère dans les rotations. Notre étude montre qu’il existe des agriculteurs (propriétaires, petits locataires) qui intègrent la jachère dans les rotations pour des raisons économiques d'abord ensuite...

In the M'zab valley, dry toilets represent an ancestral dry sanitation system, serving as a source of fertilizer thanks to human excrement valorization. However, in the 20th century, local populations began to shun these systems. The objective of this article is to illustrate the importance of dry toilets on agricultural and environmental scales in...

This study aimed to assess the importance of official management and the role of the institutions in a reuse project especially in arid regions

In the context of climate variability and hydrological extremes, especially in arid and semi-arid zones, the issue of natural risks and more particularly the risks related to rainfall is a topical subject in Algeria and worldwide. In this direction, the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation in the Wadi Cheliff basin (Algeria) has been evaluat...

If the success of agricultural intensification continues to rely on the depletion of aquifers and exploitation of (female) labour, transformations to groundwater sustainability will be impossible to achieve. Hence, the development of new groundwater imaginaries, based on alternative ways of organizing society-water relations is highly important. Th...

Salinity and water deficit are two major issues for agricultural development in Algeria. The Lower Cheliff plain, northwestern Algeria, is, furthermore, characterised by semi-arid Mediterranean climate, and soils with high clay content. Our study area was a 4 ha farm located in Oued Rhiou and another 1 ha farm located in Ouarizane, both upstream in...

Effective quantitative and qualitative management of water for irrigation is crucial in many regions and the use of reclaimed water is a possible solution. Quantifying the impact of the use of such water is thus important. Using life cycle assessment methodology, this study analyzes the impact of water reuse irrigation and farmers’ practices in gre...

Face à un changement climatique sévère projeté, les agriculteurs dans les pays de l’Afrique du Nord expérimentent habituellement des stratégies d’adaptation basées sur la précocité du semis, l’utilisation de variétés précoces et la fertilisation. Cependant, l’information concernant l’efficacité de la précocité des semis comme stratégie d’adaptation...

Climate change, irrigation development and a growing population across the Mediterranean region are increasing the pressure on water resources in terms of both quantity and quality. High-quality water should be primarily reserved to drinking water while water reuse is, and should be, a growing part of the water mix for other uses. This chapter prov...

Development of aquaculture using non-conventional sources of water has developed slowly in Algeria since 2008. Currently there are approximately 600 farmers assessing development potential, generally operating on a small scale as they develop techniques and approaches to arid aquaculture development, although some larger commercial scale operations...

The study aims at examining the production systems of a sample of farmers in order to: i) identify the main rotations practiced and therefore the frequency of the fallow practice in these identified crop rotations; ii) identify the factors that may lead farmers to include fallow period in the rotation, despite the context that encourages them to ab...

Developing irrigation technology for a diversity of farmers with rapidly changing demands can be hard for designers, especially when the technology concerns smallholders in developing countries. Innovation networks supporting the adopted technology increasingly include both globalised players and very local actors, making innovation intermediaries...

The food security challenge requires exploring new agricultural lands almost belonging to the arid and Saharian climate zones. An experimental trial was carried out in 2011 in southern Algeria (Hassi Miloud) where agricultural practices started a few years ago. Investigations of the soil at different depths (vadose and saturated horizon) and waters...

The paper presents an interdisciplinary and effect-oriented research project, aiming at the development of a both ecological and economical irrigation technology. The research project is financed by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the support programme “Sustainable Solutions for Sub-Saharan Afri...

The study was conducted at Technical Institute of Cereals (ITGC- Setif) during the years 2014-2018 for understanding the effect of weed treatment in direct seeding on cereal yield, soil and seeds quality. Two horizons were considered: horizon one (0 less than H1 less than 20 cm) and horizon two (H2 less than 20 cm) and four herbicide doses were app...

The present work is based on the possible management of weed in direct seeding using a glyphosate as active matter. The aim is to ameliorate cereal yield and reduce a diffusion of glyphosate in the soil.

Glyphosate is frequently associated to direct seeding due to its efficacy on weeds (Labad and al., 2018). Its environmental effects have been studied since its appearance (Sprankle and al., 1975). To study the fate of glyphosate in the soil under field conditions, four concentrations (D1, D2, D3 and D4) were applied in December, 2015 before direct...

In this paper, the capacity of an Adaptive-Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for predicting salinity of the Tafna River is investigated. Time series data of daily liquid flow and saline concentrations from the gauging station of Pierre du Chat (160801) were used for training, validation and testing the hybrid model. Different methods wer...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the water quality parameters resulting on: First, the flow direction in biofilters (ascending or descending), second, constructed wetland (CW) with local plant species and third, the combined system for the removal of organic matter and nutrients pollutants from water in arid regions. Design/methodolo...

In this paper, we examine the greenhouse horticulture in Algeria’s Sahara, which is one illustrative example of the agricultural transitions that have taken place in North Africa on the new irrigation frontiers created through groundwater use. The entrepreneurial farming systems in the region are characterized by considerable mobility. Geographic m...

Agricultural intensification has led to overexploitation of water resources, in particular of the underground resource. Estimating groundwater exploitation remains a serious problem in arid and semi-arid countries such as Algeria. The objective of this work is to estimate volumes of pumped irrigation water using the SAtellite Monitoring of Irrigati...

Agricultural intensification has led to overexploitation of water resources, in particular of the underground resource. Estimating groundwater exploitation remains a serious problem in arid and semi-arid countries such as Algeria. The objective of this work is to estimate volumes of pumped irrigation water using the SAtellite Monitoring of Irrigati...

Considering the important role of microorganisms in preserving the agricultural ecosystem, an experimental trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of direct seeding on the activity of microorganisms in cereal soil treated by glyphosate. The experiment was conducted during the 2015/2016 agricultural season in the semi-arid plains of Setif, where...

Dans le cadre de la réutilisation des eaux usées traitées à des fins agricole, les problèmes d’encrassement des goutteurs constitue un véritable barrière qui s’oppose au développement de cette pratique par une réduction des performances hydraulique et par conséquent les performances agronomiques diminuent. L’objectif de cette étude consiste à analy...

Des essais expérimentaux sur des cultures de concombre sous abri ont été conduits dans la plaine agricole de Chenoua (Tipaza) pour déterminer les conditions de fonctionnement des réseaux de goutte à goutte existants utilisant des eaux d’épuration et des eaux de nappe. Nous montrons que grâce à du matériel de mesure "lowcost", il est possible de pro...

The herbicide application for weeds control and yield response achievement in direct seeding is a challenging task in cereal production. Mostly that the direct seeding is linked to the use of herbicide, the herbicide which many environmental effects have been showed. The present research work experimented during two subsequent years 2014/2015 and 2...

Drip irrigation is widely used in a range of different farming systems. Farmers generally adapt drip irrigation systems to their specific conditions. Irrigation performance is usually related to the hydraulic parameters of drip irrigation, and is usually expressed as a single static value. We developed a comprehensive approach to account for irriga...

Background and Objective: The herbicide application for weed control and yield response achievement in direct seeding is a challenging task in cereal productions. Mostly the direct seeding is linked to the use of glyphosate, the herbicide with many environmental effects have been showed. The present research study experimented during two subsequent...

The water energy food (WEF) nexus approach seeks to assess relevant and consistent strategies to address challenges to the development of the three sectors, to meet the demand and achieve sustainable development. They are the most indispensable elements for life and development respectively. Besides that, the production and cost of one depend highl...

Groundwater use has favoured the emergence of more intensive agricultural systems in North Africa, often referred to as the “groundwater economy”. In this communication, we are looking at one illustrative example of the agricultural transitions that have taken place in North Africa on the new irrigation frontiers created through groundwater use, th...

Groundwater service markets are important and dynamic institutions that provide water to a wide range of farmers in many regions. However, these institutions represent arenas of complex and often antagonistic relations, which determine which farmers gain access to water and how. This study analyses the emergence and functioning of groundwater servi...

Irrigation designers generally do not target smallholders for drip irrigation and their standard low-cost kits are not suitable for smallholders’ diverse and evolving requirements. Incremental farmer-led innovation of drip irrigation may be more suitable for small-scale farmers. This chapter describes the different farmer-led adaptations of drip ir...

Le périmètre de Habra couvre une superficie de 21210 ha, équipé sur 19630 ha. Crée en 1940, il fait partie de la plaine nord de la Macta dans la wilaya de Mascara. C’est l’un des périmètres les plus importants de la région oranaise. Au début des années 60, ce périmètre recevait des quantités en eau de l’ordre de 80 millions M3/an. Depuis la créatio...

Le périmètre de Habra couvre une superficie de 21210 ha, équipé sur 19630 ha. Crée en 1940, il fait partie de la plaine nord de la Macta dans la wilaya de Mascara. C’est l’un des périmètres les plus importants de la région oranaise. Au début des années 60, ce périmètre recevait des quantités en eau de l’ordre de 80 millions M3/an. Depuis la créatio...

La pénurie d'eau et la salinité des eaux souterraines potentiellement utilisées en irrigation sont les principales contraintes pour la production agricole de la région semi-aride de la plaine du Bas-Chliff (nord-ouest Algérie). Une cartographie précise de salinité des eaux souterraines est très importante pour une gestion et la préservation de l’ag...

An incremental innovation: design and diffusion of an artisanal center pivot for irrigation in the Souf (Algerian Sahara). In the Algerian Sahara, several horticultural production areas emerged on the margins of traditional oases over the past twenty years through the use of deep groundwater. In the Souf valley, farmers produce potatoes irrigated b...

Groundwater resources in semi-arid areas and especially in the Mediterranean face a growing demand for irrigated agriculture and, to a lesser extent, for domestic uses. Consequently, groundwater reserves are affected and water-table drops are widely observed. This leads to strong constraints on groundwater access for farmers, while managers worry a...

The DRASTIC model was tested on the Mitidja aquifer to assess vulnerability to nitrate pollution. Vulnerability indexes were obtained from classic DRASTIC (MDC) and pesticide DRASTIC (MDP) coupled with a geographic information system in which the weights of the model’s parameters were calculated using two weighting techniques: analytic hierarchy pr...

Modeling is one of the available tools to manage irrigation and to forecast crop yields. The purpose of this study was to adapt, calibrate, and validate the PILOTE model on globe artichokes (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) under drip irrigation in the Lower Cheliff Plain (Algeria) in two seasons (2011/2012 and 2012/2013) and to use it to predi...

Algeria is in the category of water-scarce countries according to the scarcity threshold set by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) or the World Bank, which is 1,000 cubic meters per capita and year. The resource is currently estimated at 500 m3 and will only be 430 m3 in 2020, according GIECC projections. Accessible resources in Algeria...

Groundwater has become an important source of welfare in North Africa. It is redefining irrigation frontiers and supplies water to more than 500 000 farms. However, more than half of aquifers, which cater to a minority of farmers, are declining. North Africa’s groundwater economy is increasingly faced with physical and socio-economic stress.

This study was conducted in order to evaluate the performance of potato crop in two major irrigation schemes situated in the Northeast of Algeria. This area is characterized by alluvial soil texture, very fine clay, a very flat topography, and a typical Mediterranean climate. This was done to guide farmers on any changes to their crop management to...

Two contrasting views prevail on groundwater use in situations of predominantly state-­‐led irrigation development. The first considers 'groundwater as liberation', i.e., how, by capturing the irrigation initiative, farmers liberated themselves from 'state' water, enabling more intensive and productive agriculture. The second view – 'groundwater as...

Drainage status and capacity building needs in Algeria The drained area of Algeria is about 56 000 ha but the open-ditch drainage system is old and inefficient. Drainage needs are estimated at 100 000 ha and this area should be significantly increased by future projects. Unlike irrigation, little has been done for the drainage sector and its status...

Dans la vallée du Souf dans le Sahara algérien, le recours aux nappes profondes a abouti à la remontée des eaux de la nappe phréatique, en absence d’un système de drainage. Ceci a conduit à l’ennoiement des systèmes hydrauliques traditionnels des Ghouts s’alimentant à partir de la nappe phréatique. Les agriculteurs se sont alors orientés vers la cu...

English: Over the past fifteen years, the migration of rural youngsters to Algeria’s Sahara stimulated the development of greenhouse horticulture. This migration contradicts the dominant discourse about rural youngsters turning away from agriculture. We study the trajectories of rural youth who engage with dynamic and expanding farming systems in B...

L’agriculture de conservation est un concept permettant de définir et de maitriser différents systèmes de production. Sa mise en oeuvre dépend des propriétés du sol, du climat et des considérations socio-économiques. Le semis direct a commencé à prendre sa place au niveau des hautes plaines Sétifiennes grâce à l’intervention de l’Etat par l’intermé...

The conservation agriculture concept enables to define different production systems. Its selection and application depends on soil properties, climate and socio-economic considerations. Direct seeding was firstly introduced in Algeria to improve the wheat production in the high plains of Setif and by the “Large Crops Technical Institute” which is a...

The conservation agriculture concept enables to define different production systems. Its selection and application depends on soil properties, climate and socio-economic considerations. Direct seeding was firstly introduced in Algeria to improve the wheat production in the high plains of Setif and by the “Large Crops Technical Institute” which is a...

The conservation agriculture concept enables to define different production systems. Its selection and application depends on soil properties, climate and socio-economic considerations. Direct seeding was firstly introduced in Algeria to improve the wheat production in the high plains of Setif and by the “Large Crops Technical Institute” which is a...

In a joint research project of the Department for Agricultural Engineering of the Kassel University (Germany) and the Scientific Research Center on Arid Regions (CRSTRA) in Biskra (Algeria) a buried auto-regulative permeable pipe was tested in greenhouse trials under semiarid to arid conditions. The new irrigation system works at low pressure to al...

Precipitation is an important component of the hydrological cycle and therefore, any changes in precipitation have severe implications in water resources planning and management as well as irrigation and agricultural production. Temperature rise due to global warming has changed the air moisture holding capacity and consequently, rainfall intensity...

En Algérie, l’approvisionnement des marchés de gros en fruits et légumes dépend quasi exclusivement de la production locale. L’abondance et la régularité de ces productions constituent un enjeu important de sécurité alimentaire pour l’Etat qui doit assurer un approvisionnement suffisant des villes, en forte croissance démographique. La plaine des Z...

Biskra est célèbre pour ses dattes qui représentent la principale production agricole. Au milieu des années 1980, des serres sont apparues en marge des oasis, ouvrant la voie à de nouvelles dynamiques agraires. Ces dynamiques sont portées par des arrangements entre différents acteurs qui mettent en commun leurs facteurs de production. L’objectif de...