Tara Singh

• Department of Psychology,
• Professor (Full) at Banaras Hindu University

Context Hypothyroidism affects cognitive functions especially memory. However, most of the previous studies have generally evaluated older hypothyroid patients and sample size of these studies varied in terms of age range. Aims To see whether hypothyroidism affects memory in young patients. Settings and Design The sample consisted of 11 hypothyro...

Physical exercise has been linked to mental health benefits. However, little is known about how physical exercise affects cognitive functioning. Results obtained from laboratory studies on the effect of physical exercise on cognitive performance has been inconsistent. The present study examined the effect of different level of aerobic exercise on v...

The present study examined the effect of Vipassana meditation practices (traditional Buddhist meditation practices) on attention network task (ANT). The objective of the study was to know the effect of traditional 10-days vipassana meditation training on the attentional performance of the participants. The second objective was to investigate whethe...

Time perception is a personal view of passing the time through any effort. Among all the essential elements of secondary tasks, which occur at various times of the day, several qualities significantly impact how time is perceived. The current study aims to understand better how executive task loads affect young individuals' perceptions of time in t...

Cognitive offloading refers to the use of physical action to alter information processing requirement of the given task. Offloading can be done either internally or externally. We have been included cognitive offloading through external tools related papers. Cognitive offloading is applied aspect of Extended Mind Thesis (EMT). EMT is applicable to...

Background: Mental health problems are common in the general population with an estimated one in six people in any past week experiencing a common mental health difficulty. Psychological benefits include increased resilience at times of adversity, increased participation in meaningful activities, increased social functioning, increased happiness an...

Background The present study investigated how emotional valence influenced the working memory of patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) as compared to healthy individuals. Methods Emotional-N-Back task (E-N-back task) was administered to 15 PNES patients and equal number of healthy individuals. A 2 × 3 one-way analysis of variance...

Suryanamaskar or Sun salutation is an ancient Indian method of offering prayers to the rising sun in the morning with a series of physical postures with regulated breathing aiming at range of physical, mental and spiritual benefits. The present study examines the effect of Suryanamaskar on attentional network among normal healthy participant. Thirt...

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been spreading worldwide and affecting people of all the age groups. Recent studies are claiming that it causes brain fog state in patients. The elderly are more prevalent in this disorder because of higher medical comorbidities and resulting in cognitive impairments. Method The present study...

The present study was conducted to examine the impact of technology on different aspects of human life during the covid-19 pandemic. Data from 212 people were collected using a survey. Majority of participants were males 59.4%, unmarried 64.2%, within the age group (21-29) 44.8%, post graduate 42.9% and students 40.6%. The results showed that there...

From an evolutionary point of view the one factor that helped humanity thrive and survive against all odds was the human's ability to use their intelligence. Intelligence is what makes us unique among all the species in the world. The aim of this review paper was to discuss the role of intelligence tests in measuring intelligence of different age g...

The performance under working memory task load and the prospective judgment of time share close bond and relationship. The present study tested forty two participants in the prospective temporal paradigm by using reproduction method for time perception. A 2(Working memory load: Low and high) x 3 (time duration: Short, medium and long) repeated fact...

Background and Objectives: Mental health is a reflection of as to how we think, feel and behave. It is not the permanent state of mind as it keeps changing with the change in the environment of a given individual. Anxiety, stress and depression are the most common mental health issues among workers in the private and public sector. The demanding na...

Background Dementia of Alzheimer’s type has been the most common neurodegenerative condition among elderly. The histopathological studies revealed that the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaque in brain have been the major factors affecting DAT. Other than intrusive protein formation there are other factors which pertains to affec...

Background Cognitive deterioration in neurodegenerative disorders like dementia of Alzheimer’s type affects the overall functioning of daily life activities of a person. Till date, numerous studies have shown correlation between performance on cognitive task and activities of daily living (ADL). Among all the cognitive domains attentional functioni...

Emerging technology, around which our world now revolves, has changed the way we live, work, communicate and entertain. Online transactions, seeking information, learning new skills and even finding love are just a click away. However, the pertinent question remains: Has technology changed the world for the better? Our generation has witnessed the...

Emerging technology, around which our world now revolves, has changed the way we live, work, communicate and entertain. Online transactions, seeking information, learning new skills and even finding love are just a click away. However, the pertinent question remains: Has technology changed the world for the better? Our generation has witnessed the...

Visual-spatial attention allows individual to select specific regions of the visual field for preferential processing which facilitates the speed and quality of visual processing. Yet, reading literature reports the dichotomous view in regards of its utility in word recognition. Certain studies indicate it to be necessary preliminary to word readin...

Selective attention offers preferential processing of specific information during cognitive functioning. Gender differences associated with attentional processes exist, yet relatively little explored. The current study assessed the efficiency of attentional networks alerting, orienting, executive control and the associated gender differences among...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, painful and debilitating musculoskeletal condition with depression being its common co-morbidity. It is associated with symptoms of fatigue, pain, and sleep disturbances that can overlap with or mimic symptoms of depression. It may occur with at least mild severity is up to 42% of RA patients. Basically, depr...

sychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) are the episodes altered movement, sensation, or experience similar to epilepsy but caused by psychological process and not associated with abnormal discharges in the neurons. Diagnosing PNES is extremely a tough work for a neurologist because of its psychological etiology and somatic manifestation. The pati...

Section 3: ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES (Including Archaeology, Psychology, Education and Military sciences)

The study is conducted to examine whether actual body shape, perceived body shape and gender role identity have any influence on depression symptoms amongst young adults in Indian culture. The age group being examined ranged from 20-25 years, as this is a crucial phase in our culture as people seek both professional and interpersonal settlements. T...

Executive attention is a function involved in the regulation of thoughts, emotions, responses, distractions, problem solving and switching between multiple pieces of information. It has the ability to control attention for ongoing cognitive processes such as decision-making, cognitive control, language processing, and social cognitive processes whi...

Purpose of the study: To answer the two existing controversies regarding attention and consciousness as brain processes. 1) Can one be aware of objects or events without attending to it? 2) Can one attend to objects or events without being aware of it? And also how top-down attention and awareness have opposing functions. Methodology: This article...

The relationship between arousal and attention has become matter of concern in the field of cognitive science. Physical exercise has been recognized as one of the best method to experimentally influence the arousal state among individuals in cognitive studies. The present study was an effort to examine the effects of different arousal levels induce...

In the present era, most people depend on automation technology to ease their hard work and lifestyle. No doubt automation increases human performance, but overconfidence develops trust and, in turn, creates complacency potential. This chapter presents a review of the perceived mental workload during human automation interaction tasks. We try to ex...

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) mimic epilepsy with multiple biopsychosocial etiology without involment of cortical activity as in epilepsy. Till date professionals are facing problems in its basic categorization which creates is a big challenge in its diagnosis. Although video-encephalography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of PNE...

The present study was intended to explore the effect of time durations on time perception using prospective judgment of time paradigm. The dual task paradigm was used for the study. The primary task was intended to estimate elapsed time while performing the executive task and secondary task was design to measure executive performance. A reproductio...

Time is a crucial dimension of our perceived world. Time estimation is an important ability that individuals need to master in order to adapt their environment. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different time duration during working memory task using prospective judgment of time perception. Reproduction method was used t...

The present study aimed to examine the effect of task load on visual search sustained attention task performance. Cue works as a signal and may facilitate or deteriorate the performance. These effects depend on cue validity and its temporal properties. Present study used cue validity to observe the effects of cue on participant’s performance. Ninet...

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) are the episodes altered movement, sensation, or experience similar to epilepsy but caused by psychological process and not associated with abnormal discharges in the neurons. Diagnosing PNES is extremely a tough work for a neurologist because of its psychological etiology and somatic manifestation. The pat...

Global epidemic of obesity is one of the largest public health problems in the world. Obesity is related to a number of co-morbid conditions which lead to disability and early death. Failure to self-regulation, such as to make plans, choose from alternatives, control impulses, inhibit unwanted thoughts and regulate social behaviour, is considered a...

Ageing causes deterioration in wide spectrum of visual, cognitive, and attentional functions. The attentional functions comprise of selection of an object and orientation toward its location. The visuospatial orientation toward a target is driven by cues which can be informative or uninformative. Studies showed that older adults were more sensitive...

div> Present research paper investigates the relationship of maternal depression during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia. It is a cross sectional study conducted on 200 pregnant women from different maternity homes in Betul & Bhopal District from Madhya Pradesh. IDAS scale was used to see the depression level among pregnant women having preeclamp...

The present study examined the relationship of acculturative stress to general health of Kashmiri students who have migrated to Bhopal (Central India) for study purpose. 219 Kashmiri students (52.10% male; 47.90% female) studying in different colleges and universities in Bhopal were given measures of acculturative stress and general health. One-way...

A lzheimer Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which proteins build up in the brain to form structures called 'plaques' and 'tangles' resulting in an increase in cognitive decline. Attention is the first cognitive domain affected in AD because disconnection between frontal and posterior parietal areas may mediate the selective disruptio...

It is well established that obesity is related to a number of comorbid health conditions which lead to disability and early death. Physical, psychological and neurological consequences of obesity and comorbid conditions are well explored; however, its cognitive effects are poorly understood. Recent studies have suggested that overweight and obesity...

Available literature suggests that co-morbid depression significantly impairs quality of life of diabetic people. Present study examined the relationship of co-morbid depression to health related quality of life of diabetic patients using a random sample of 140 patients, who were given measures of Beck Depression Inventory and SF-36, a generic meas...

The present study examined the relationship of acculturative stress to general health of Kashmiri students who have migrated to Bhopal (Central India) for study purpose. 219 Kashmiri students (52.10% male; 47.90% female) studying in different colleges and universities in Bhopal were given measures of acculturative stress and general health. One-way...

The present study explored the difference in acculturative stress and health with varying length of stay and examined length of stay as a significant predictor of acculturative stress and health. Sample consisted of 219 Kashmiri college students (men = 52.10%, women = 47.90%; M = 23.30, SD = 1.70) who migrated to Bhopal, Central India for receiving...

The changing context of global competition, cultural diversity, new technologies and management processes requires today’s technical and vocational education institutions to produce workers equipped with critical thinking, problem solving and communicative skills, and advanced level of job skills. This requires a new look at prevailing theoretical...

Following Levy's (1983) familiarization and proofreading paradigm, we investigated the effect of familiarization, type of reading unit, and content type on text processing. Young adults (N = 120) were asked to process storied and normal Hindi passages presented in Devanagari script, as well as scrambled passages that contained errors that were eith...

Investigated the effect of locus of control (internal and external) and reward (reward, feedback and no reward) using a 2x3 factorial design. 42 Secondary school students (21 with internal and 21 with external locus of control) were selected for the study. 7 Ss were tested in each of the 6 experimental tasks involving simple arithmetic puzzles and...

Levy's (1983) familiarization and proofreading paradigm was used to examine the context-processing relationship during reading of Hindi textual materials. Sixty high- and 60 low-deprived male students in Classes 11 and 12 were asked to proofread error-filled passages of easy and difficult text. Familiarity was manipulated by presenting error-free v...