Tanweer Ul Islam

National University of Sciences and Technology | NUST · Department of Economics

This paper argues for the multidimensional measurement of poverty in Pakistan particularly in the context of Millennium Development Goals. It critically examines the Poverty Scorecard, which was recently introduced by the Government of Pakistan for the identification of poor households under the Benazir Income Support Programme. By employing the Al...

Many parametric statistical inferential procedures in finite samples depend crucially on the underlying normal distribution assumption. Dozens of normality tests are available in the literature to test the hypothesis of normality. Availability of such a large number of normality tests has generated a large number of simulation studies to find a bes...

Aggregate Consumption, being an important part of National Income Accounts, has been intensively researched in macroeconomics. Aggregate consumption and aggregate savings have powerful influence on an economy’s long-term productive capacity and capture the macroeconomic fluctuations and business cycles more appropriately. This interest reflects the...

In social and health sciences, many statistical procedures and estimation techniques rely on the underlying distributional assumption of normality of the data. Non-normality may lead to incorrect statistical inferences. This study evaluates the performance of selected normality tests within the stringency framework for skewed alternative space. The...

The four most readily available tests of autocorrelation in dynamic models namely Durbin’s M test, Durbin’s H test, Breusch-Godfrey (BGF) test and Ljung and Box (Q) test are compared in terms of their power for varying sample sizes, levels of autocorrelation and significance using Monte Carlo simulations in STATA. Power comparison reveals that the...

The perception in pair trading is to recognize two stocks that move together, and their prices will converge to a mean value in future. However, finding the mean-reverted point at which the value of the pair will converge, and optimal boundaries of the trade is not easy. As uncertainty and model misspecifications may lead to losses. To cater for th...

Background Considering the low performance of Pakistan on health indices in the region, fast growing population and higher poverty levels, this study aims to highlight the practical relevance of the Grossman’s health investment model by analysing the health demand in Pakistan. Method To avoid the problem of endogeneity due to the interdependence o...

In terms of cause and effect, financial development and economic growth relationship has been a major empirical issue for researchers and policy makers. This study explores the causal linkages between financial development and economic growth catering for country specificity and structural shocks pertaining to different cross sections in SAARC and...

An assessment of debt dynamics and its sustainability is very important in formalizing prudent and effective macroeconomic policies especially for the economies with weak macroeconomic fundamentals and alarming debt levels. Keeping in view the recent debt escalation in Pakistan, this study aims to explore the important factors that influence the pu...

Background Performance of the F-test critically depends on the distributional assumptions and the choice of the robustness measures. The robustness of F-test to non-normality has been studied and validated in literature however, the assumption of homogeneity has not been given the due attention in literature. Regarding robustness measures, F-test i...

Purpose In most developing countries like Pakistan, the gap between rich and poor has widened over time. This polarization in the society hinders economic growth and acts as a barrier for development and well-being. The proportion of income distribution varies across the population sub-groups in Pakistan. Therefore, it is important to study the inc...

Background: Workers in the textile industry risk developing various respiratory and pulmonary diseases due to exposure to cotton dust. The particles from the cotton lint are inhaled by the workers and results in the breathing problems including asthma, shortness of breath, cough and tightness in the chest. The poor health of labor contributes to t...

This study attempts to ascertain the importance of international capital inflows (foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment) by empirically investigating the nature and determinants of disaggregated capital inflows to Pakistan for the period 1984-2019. The study employs the feasible modified OLS and dynamic OLS techniques to study...

Comparison of normality tests based on absolute or average powers are bound to give ambiguous results, since these statistics critically depend upon the alternative distribution which cannot be specified. A test which is optimal against a certain type of alternatives may perform poorly against other alternative distributions. Thus, an invariant ben...

Graph theory is a subdivision of discrete mathematics. In graph theory, a graph is made up of vertices connected through edges. Topological indices are numerical parameters or descriptors of graph. Topological index tells the symmetry of compound and helps us to compare those mathematical values, with boiling point, melting point, density, viscosit...

A topological index, also known as connectivity index, is a molecular structure descriptor calculated from a molecular graph of a chemical compound which characterizes its topology. Various topological indices are categorized based on their degree, distance, and spectrum. In this study, we calculated and analyzed the degree-based topological indice...

Background: Workers in the textile industry risk developing various respiratory and pulmonary diseases due to exposure to cotton dust. The particles from the cotton lint are inhaled by the workers and results in the breathing problems including asthma, shortness of breath, cough and tightness in the chest. The poor health of labor contributes to th...

In social sciences, a plethora of studies utilize nominal data to establish the relationship between the variables. This, in turn, requires the correct use of correlation technique. The choice of correlation technique depends upon the underlying assumptions and power of the test of significance. The objective of the research is to explore the best...

Many countries have been facing the problem of bank insolvency across the globe. Asset deterioration is one of the main reasons for insolvency of banks. The objective of the paper is to ascertain the determinants of nonperforming loans (NPLs) in the banking sector of Pakistan for the period 2006-16. Other than the bank specific and macro variables...

In social sciences, a plethora of studies utilize nominal data to establish the relationship between the variables. This, in turn, requires the correct use of correlation technique. The choice of correlation technique depends upon the underlying assumptions and power of the test of significance. The objective of the research is to explore the best...

In this paper, we compute many degree-based topological indices like First general Zagreb index, Randic index, ABC-index, Reciprocal Randic index, Reduced Reciprocal index, Inverse Sum index, Symmetric Division index,ABC 4 , GA 5 , Multiplicative Randic index and Hyper-Zagreb index for Grasmere Geometric Graph. The graph comprises of a combination...

The objective of this paper is to explore the stability of naphthalene (m, n). For a single unit of naphthalene, its stability is less relative to self-dimerization. For two units of naphthalene, there is a slight increase in stability and self-dimerization decreases as well. However, for (m, n) unit of Naphthalene, its stability increases rapidly...

In social & health sciences, many statistical procedures and estimation techniques rely on the underlying distributional assumption of normality of the data. Non-normality may lead to incorrect statistical inferences. This study evaluates the performance of selected normality tests on the stringency framework for the skewed alternative space. Strin...

Objectives: This study aims to explore the infant and child mortality rates in relation to (i) a range of conventional covariates including household characteristics, literacy rates, cultural and social factors, treatment method, mother's history like preceding birth interval between children & multiple births and provision of facilities like elect...

Many statistical procedures utilize preliminary tests to enhance the accuracy of the final inferences. Preliminary tests like Goldfeld-Quandt (GQ) and Levene-type tests are used to assess the assumption of equality of population variances with normality as the underlying distributional assumption. Such tests must be used with care as the final infe...

It is well established in literature that the public debt and economic growth bear positive and non-linear relationship. However, in recent literature, evidence of no causal relationship is found when accounted for endogeneity in case of advanced economies (Panizza & Presbitero, 2014). Chudik, Mohaddes, Pesaran, & Raissi, (2017) analyse the data on...

Many statistical procedures utilize preliminary tests to enhance the accuracy of the final inferences. Preliminary tests like Goldfeld-Quandt (GQ) and Levene-type tests are used to assess the assumption of equality of population variances with normality as the underlying distributional assumption. Such tests must be used with care as the final infe...

To account for the nonlinearities and asymmetries while studying the stochastic properties of consumption-income ratios, Average Propensity to Consume (APC), for fourteen emerging economies, this study calls in the exponential smooth transition autoregressive (ESTAR) and asymmetric exponential smooth transition autoregressive (AESTAR)unit root test...

Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) plays an important role through providing decision makers and economic forecasters with required information about present and future economic condition. These indices play a unique role in determining public policies as well as business decisions. Consumer confidence index defines the degree of optimism on the curre...

Aims: The primary aim of the study was to determine causative factors involved in dental erosion in patients coming for regular dental checkup at Liaquat college of medicine and dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan and to secondarily determine the initial pH of various solutions having potential for dental erosion (soft drinks, fruit based drinks and mouth...

This paper is concerned with the evaluation of the performance of the normality tests to ensure the validity of the t-statistics used for assessing significance of regressors in a regression model. For this purpose, we have explored 40 distributions to find the most damaging distribution on the t-statistic. Power comparisons are conducted to find t...

Two reasons for unsatisfactory properties of unit root tests found in the literature relate to (i) the model misspecification, and (ii) observational equivalence. Regarding first reason, there is a large body of literature on several components of model specification covering specification techniques, consequence of misspecification and robust meth...

In this paper we highlight the necessity of new criteria for evaluation of performance of unit root tests. We suggest focusing directly on the reasons that create ambiguity in unit root test's results. Two reasons for unsatisfactory properties of unit root tests can be found in the literature (i) the model misspecification and (ii) observational eq...

This paper is concerned with the evaluation of the performance of the normality tests to ensure the validity of the t-statistics used for assessing significance of regressors in a regression model. For this purpose, we have explored 40 distributions to find the most damaging distribution on the t-statistic. Power comparisons are conducted to find t...

This paper argues for the multidimensional measurement of poverty in Pakistan particularly in the context of Millennium Development Goals. It critically examines the Poverty Scorecard, which was recently introduced by the Government of Pakistan for the identification of poor households under the Benazir Income Support Programme. By employing the Al...