Tan Loh Teng Hern

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Lecturer at Monash University Malaysia

Traditional probiotics have been extensively studied, and their effectiveness in gut modulation is well established. However, emerging research has shifted focus to previously understudied probiotic strains, now known as next-generation probiotics (NGPs), with the aim of harnessing their unique potential to elicit targeted therapeutic effects in di...

Background Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a multifactorial ocular disorder affecting millions worldwide, with emerging evidence suggesting a connection between gut health and ocular pathology, termed the ‘gut-eye axis’. Probiotics, renowned for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, have emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant global public health crisis, with approximately 10-20% of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 developing Long COVID. Long COVID is characterized by the persistence of symptoms beyond 4 weeks or longer after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, sleep difficultie...

Background Gut microbiota has been shown to be an important regulator of health and development. The intestinal flora can maintain the homeostasis of the host immune system, participate in the regulation of osteoclast and osteoblast activity, and affect the body’s bone remodeling. This study aims to elucidate the link between gut microbiota and bon...

Background Infantile eczema, or atopic dermatitis (AD), is a prevalent inflammatory skin condition characterized by lesions and itching that impairs the quality of life for both infants and their families. In recent years, a growing body of research has turned its focus to the potential links between the gut microbiome and its impact on skin condit...

Background Acne, a chronic inflammatory disease, is a widespread dermatological condition impacting diverse demographics. The ramifications transcend beyond altering physical appearance, influencing the psychological well-being of those affected, subsequently diminishing quality of life. Research on gut-skin axis suggests interplay of gut dysbiosis...

Background Periodontitis is characterized by oral bacterial dysbiosis causing persistent inflammation in dental supporting tissue, leading to tissue breakdown and bone loss. The colonization of periodontal pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract has contributed to inflammatory gastrointestinal disease pathogenesis. This research aims to investigate...

Background Bacillus clausii possesses profound probiotic potential to alleviate gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, promote gut health, and fortify immune function. There is increasing interest in exploiting these beneficial properties beyond treating GI ailments. Therefore, this scoping review aims to investigate the potential of B. clausii as a prob...

Background Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. Insomnia affects around 10-30% of the global population and is frequently associated with psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Insomnia can seriously affect daily functioning by causing inattention and drowsiness. It can also resul...

Background Neonatal sepsis is a clinical condition with non-specific signs and symptoms caused by invasive pathogens, which is diagnosed through a positive blood culture. It is categorized into early-onset sepsis (≤72 hours of birth) and late-onset sepsis (>72 hours after birth). The gut dysbiosis due to colonization of certain bacteria groups appe...

Dysbiosis is a prominent factor in numerous inflammatory conditions, with Ruminococcus gnavus, a prevalent gut microbe, implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), eczema, metabolic disorders, and rheumatic diseases. R. gnavus contributes to inflammation by producing an inflammatory polysaccharide and degrading m...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated fatalities globally. Despite the notable progress in diagnostics and patient care, challenges persist in areas such as early detection, prognostic variable identification, metastatic disease treatment, and personalised treatment options. In CRC, microRNAs, a type of short non-coding RN...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative, halophilic bacterium that is ubiquitous in marine environments. Its perilous co-existence with aquatic animals increases the risk of infections and diseases, especially those in aquaculture systems, thus resulting in reduced production and economic losses in the aquaculture industry. Moreover, V. parahaem...

The growing global population has increased the demand for seafood, making the aquaculture industry a vital food source. However, climate change has negatively impacted the industry as natural inhabitants of aquatic environments such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus are thriving in the warming waters. These foodborne pathogens can cause disease in marine...

A new next-generation probiotic, Christensenella minuta was first discovered in 2012 from healthy human stool and described under the phylum Firmicutes. C. minuta is a subdominant commensal bacterium with highly heritable properties that exhibits mutual interactions with other heritable microbiomes, and its relative abundance is positively correlat...

Background The ‘microbiota-gut-brain axis’ has emerged as a trending research focus on psychiatric disorders. Recent research has demonstrated the association between gut microbiome dysbiosis and various mental health disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OCD is a complex and debilitating chronic neuropsychiatric disorder charac...

Background The existing clinical data and research suggest that autoimmune patients are at high risk of contracting severe COVID-19 infections. These groups of patients are hesitant to get vaccinated due to the safety and effects of the vaccines. Therefore, this study explores the safety and impact of COVID-19 vaccinations on autoimmune patients an...

Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12), or macrophage metalloelastase, plays important roles in extracellular matrix (ECM) component degradation. Recent reports show MMP12 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. To date, this review represents the latest comprehensive overview of MMP12 in various oral diseases, such as periodo...

Within ASEAN, Brunei is one of the low population density nations successfully combating the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. As of 4th January 2023, over 2.6 hundred thousand confirmed cases of COVID-19, with 225 deaths, had been reported in Brunei. This paper outlines the COVID-19 trends in Brunei and strategies taken by the health au...

As feed accounts for a significant proportion of a farm’s expenditure, animal nutrition is one of the key profit determinants. Attributed to the size-dependent market value, enhancing shrimps' growth is essential to maximize profit. Despite not being the best option, antibiotics are often used as growth-promoting agents in farming. Although this tr...

Helicobacter pylori is a highly prevalent bacteria that can harm humans due to its major involvement in developing gastrointestinal diseases, particularly gastric cancer. Therefore, eradicating H. pylori is one of the most important strategies for preventing gastric cancer. Antibiotic treatment has always been the gold standard treatment for H. pyl...

The gut-brain axis concept has become an exciting area of research in psychiatry. Gastrointestinal inflammation and gut microbiome dysbiosis have been associated with mental health disorders. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating and complex mental illness that cannot be completely curable, stemming from many causes and risk factors...

A safe, effective clinician should have the ability to reason through any case they encounter — some of which may be unusual presentations or complex cases which may not fully match standard clinical practice guidelines. When faced with a situation that does not match a known pattern, a solid foundation in the underlying principles of the scientifi...

The COVID-19 pandemic has quickly become the most significant public health phenomenon, effectively eclipsing the H1N1 and Ebola crises that came before it. It can spread rapidly and has caused the death and disability of many worldwide. Vaccines are our most effective line of defense against the rapidly spreading and mutating virion. Still, there...

Garlic is a herb and has been used as a spice with a long history in different types of cuisine. Garlic and its components are believed to be able to bring benefits to the health of an individual. The gut microbiota is closely related to an individual's health, and garlic is shown to have an effect on the gut microbiota as well. Hence, this literat...

The increasing prevalence of resistance in carbapenems is an escalating concern as carbapenems are reserved as last-line antibiotics. Although indiscriminate antibiotic usage is considered the primary cause for resistance development, increasing evidence revealed that inconsequential strains without any direct clinical relevance to carbapenem usage...

Background Substance use disorders (SUD) have an unfortunate consequence for the health of many individuals, with increased hospitalization or deaths resulting from illegal drugs. There is mounting evidence linking SUD and brain diseases. Individuals present with pathological features such as loss of control over substance use, social dysfunction,...

Background Neuropsychiatric implications could result from disease or brain damage due to direct central nervous system (CNS) infection or indirect effects on the CNS through an immune response. Symptoms of long COVID-19 can persist up to 1-year post-hospitalization. Rates surged for anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress in COVID-19 surviv...

Background The recent upsurge of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases poses a significant threat to the paediatric and neonatal populations in the Asia-Pacific region. Coxsackievirus type A and Enterovirus 71 are the primary causative pathogens for HFMD, an infectious disease characterised by clinical manifestations of fever, oral ulcers and e...

Background Insomnia is a common sleep disorder in the general population that suffers from difficulties in initiating or maintaining sleep. Generally, insomniacs suffer from psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety being the most common. Research has shown that probiotic supplementation can enhance sleep quality or relieve stress in recent...

Background The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in neonatal health development. Preterm infants are predisposed to perturbation of the gut microbiome, which is associated with the risk of developing morbidities such as sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Therefore, probiotics have been introduced to preterm infants in the Neonatal Intens...

Background Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by the progressive immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Genetic predisposition solely fails to justify the increasing global prevalence of T1DM in recent years. Environmentally triggered disruption in gut microbiota composition has been hypothesis...

Background Trillions of bacteria microflora reside in our gastrointestinal system. Any interruption to this microflora community leads to the pathophysiology of many diseases, including gastroenteritis. Vibrio sp. is a significant diarrheal pathogen responsible for gastroenteritis attributed to their natural microbiota in the seafood and environmen...

The ketogenic diet (KD) has been important in treating epilepsy since the 1920s. The benefits of KD further expanded to other neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s diseases, autism spectrum disorder, and nutritional disorder (obesity). Although the therapeutic efficacy of KD has been generally accepted, there is limited knowledge about its u...

Early-life gut microbiota plays a role in determining the health and risk of developing diseases in later life. Various perinatal factors have been shown to contribute to the development and establishment of infant gut microbiota. One of the important factors influencing the infant gut microbial colonization and composition is the mode of infant fe...

Background Vibrio sp. has caused several foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world. Given the mounting evidence that Vibrio sp. poses a significant public health threat, and that initiating effective treatment for Vibrio infection requires rapid identification of the causative organism, there is a need for reliable, cost-effective poi...

The cover image is based on the Review Article Harnessing the potentialities of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, paraprobiotics, and postbiotics for shrimp farming by Joanna Xuan Hui Goh et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12659 The cover image is based on the Review Article Harnessing the potentialities of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, pa...

Evidence has shown that gut microbiome plays a role in modulating the development of diseases beyond the gastrointestinal tract, including skin disorders such as psoriasis. The gut–skin axis refers to the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and skin health. This is regulated through several mechanisms such as inflammatory mediator...

The human gut microbiota is vital for maintaining human health in terms of immune system homeostasis. Perturbations in the composition and function of microbiota have been associated with several autoimmune disorders, including myasthenia gravis (MG), a neuromuscular condition associated with varying weakness and rapid fatigue of the skeletal muscl...

The shrimp farming industry is receiving increasing attention globally. However, extending the frontiers of the industry has been a challenge as high stocking density often increases susceptibility to diseases and compromises shrimp quality. There has been a huge adoption of bacterial‐derived additives in recent decades, particularly in Asia. Accum...

Simple Summary The coronavirus can elude the immune response, potentially spreading to cells other than the respiratory tract’s epithelial cells. The neuro-invasive potential of certain coronaviruses has been observed in the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Based on past outbreaks, including SARS...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that resulted in the COVID-19 global pandemic had consequently led to the development of different types of COVID-19 vaccines, including the messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, a protein subunit vaccine, and viral vector recombinant vaccines. Countries worldwide...

The COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on the lives of citizens worldwide in the past two years. The highly infectious respiratory disease discovered in late 2019 was a public health emergency that prompted the rapid development of vaccines to prevent the further spread of the virus. In late 2020, vaccines were finally ready to be distri...

The virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to the genus Betacoronavirus. This genus also includes the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The common symptoms of COVID-19 infect...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the major foodborne pathogens owing to its cause of infectious diseases such as gastroenteritis. These diseases are often associated with the consumption of contaminated seafood. This study aims to investigate the presence of V. parahaemolyticus, their virulence, antibiotic profiles, and plasmid profiles from 77 di...

Background Antidepressants are a lifesaver for many people worldwide, regardless of their age or gender. Antidepressant therapy has been the choice for patients with depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional pathway illustrating the communication between the brain and the gut microbiota and vice versa. Many...

Background The genus Streptomyces is well-known for the production of numerous bioactive compounds with interesting chemical scaffolds. Streptomyces pluripotens MUSC 135T was isolated from a mangrove forest in Malaysia during a screening program for bioactive actinobacteria. The crude fermentative extract of MUSC 135T was shown to inhibit the growt...

Background The importance of gut health and microbiome have been emphasized in women’s health. Endometriosis is characterized by abnormal growth of endometrial cells that occurs outside of the uterus (IDDF2021-ABS-0132 Figure 1. Potential association of gut microbiome in endometriosis). Animal models of endometriosis display different gut microbiot...

Background Acupuncture has been an important complementary and alternative therapy in China. It is a nonpharmacologic modality that involves penetrating the skin at specific points using the tips of thin stainless steel needles, with broad applications, safe, economical, convenient and few side effects. The procedure can be performed by manual mani...

Background Our gut microbiota is composed of trillions of bacteria residing in the human gastrointestinal system. Any disruptions to this bacterial community are often associated with various diseases’ progression, including gastrointestinal infection. One significant diarrheal pathogen is Vibrio species, the critical etiological agent to cholera a...

Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a lethal gastrointestinal illness primarily affecting preterm infants, causing inflammation and necrosis of the intestines. It is apparent that the colonization of certain bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract had contributed to NEC pathogenesis. This research aims to investigate the association of gut...

There are many extrinsic factors that can contribute to the premature aging of the skin. In recent years, the demand for natural cosmetic from the general population has noticeable grow. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the bioproperties of sky fruit (Swietenia macrophylla) seed extract that could help to inhibit premature skin aging....

Biofilms formed by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are among the most frequent causes of biomedical device-related infection, which are difficult to treat and are often persistent and recurrent. Thus, new and effective antibiofilm agents are urgently needed. In this article, we review the most relevant literature of the recent years reportin...

In this study, ultrasonically driven biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using Swietenia macrophylla seed ethyl acetate fraction (SMEAF) has been reported. XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the presence of a pure hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. FESEM images revealed the formation of uniquely identifiable uniform rice-shaped biolog...

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been reported in one-third of women worldwide at different life stages, due to the complex balance in the ecology of the vaginal microbiota. It is a common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge and is associated with other health issues. Since the first description of anaerobic microbes associated with BV like Gardnerella...

Actinobacteria constitute prolific sources of novel and vital bioactive metabolites for pharmaceutical utilization. In recent years, research has focused on exploring actinobacteria that thrive in extreme conditions to unearth their beneficial bioactive compounds for natural product drug discovery. Natural products have a significant role in resolv...

Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) isolated from plant biomass have attracted considerable interests in polymer engineering. The limitations associated with CNF-based nanocomposites are often linked to the time-consuming preparation methods and lack of desired surface functionalities. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of preparing a multifunctional CN...

Since the 1950s, antibiotics have been used in the field of animal husbandry for growth promotion, therapy and disease prophylaxis. It is estimated that up to 80% of the antibiotics produced by the pharmaceutical industries are used in food production. Most of the antibiotics are used as feed additives at sub-therapeutic levels to promote growth. H...

The contribution of streptomycetes to human health is undeniably important and significant, given that these filamentous microbes can produce interesting compounds that can be used to cure deadly infections and even cancer. Isolated from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Streptomyces sp. MUSC 14 has shown significant antioxidant capacity. The...

Over the years, Legionella pneumophila has increasingly become a public health threat that causes sporadic and epidemic community-acquired and nosocomial-acquired pneumonia. Thus, this review aims to discuss the current knowledge of L. pneumophila, focusing on the global epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of Legionnaires’ dise...

People around the world ushered in the new year 2021 with a fear of COVID-19, as family members have lost their loved ones to the disease. Millions of people have been infected, and the livelihood of many has been jeopardized due to the pandemic. Pharmaceutical companies are racing against time to develop an effective vaccine to protect against COV...

There are trillions of microbes residing in our body, with their collective genomes much more than human genomes. They have been living in a close relationship with us and play a role in various biological functions. The human microbes begin to build up in utero, accumulate, and fluctuate until a set point is achieved around three years of age. The...

Gedunin is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid secondary metabolite presents in Meliaceae family. Since the first isolation and characterization of this compound at 1960s, the chemical synthesis and bioactive properties of this compound have been continuing researched. The plant has been historically used as the folk medicine to treat ma...

Worldwide cancer incidence and mortality have always been a concern to the community. The cancer mortality rate has generally declined over the years; however, there is still an increased mortality rate in poorer countries that receives considerable attention from healthcare professionals. This suggested the importance of the prompt detection, effe...

Background Urticaria (hives) is a rash affecting the skin and mucosa, often characterized by appearance wheals, angioedema, and pruritus. Chronic urticaria (CU) is classified by the occurrence of urticaria which exceeded six weeks (almost daily) without specific triggers and identifiable cause. CU is a common disease that has detrimental effects on...

Background The importance of gut health and microbiome have been implicated in metabolic diseases like osteoporosis which occurs specifically in bone, leading to fragility fractures, bone deformities and serious disability. As much as diet and genetic factors contribute to the development of osteoporosis, dysbiosis can aggravate inflammation – an i...

Background According to TCM theory, ‘Spleen’ is associated with the functions of digestion, absorption and nutrition, differs from the function as an immune organ in modern medicine context. Being as one of the most common TCM syndromes, spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) is a multi-system functional impairment which manifests multiple symptoms inclu...

Background The human microbiome comprises of microbes that live on or within various sites of the human body. These diverse microbes have the potential to impact our physiology, both in health and disease. Recently, several autoimmune diseases have been associated with the alterations in patients’ microbiota, including myasthenia gravis. Thus, this...

Skin and soft tissue infections are common presentations for non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The cutaneous infections caused by NTM may cause localized or diffuse lesions. M. ulcerans is one of the most identified pathogens that involves in the skin and soft tissue mycobacterial infections. Meanwhile, M. marinum, as an NTM has also become impor...

Memory formation occurs within the central nervous system (CNS), specifically in the hippocampal region of brain. The notion that memories are only located within the brain has been challenged by reports of some patients that they have “inherited memories” from their donor after organ transplantation; some even experienced personality changes and p...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health issue which poses a substantial humanistic and economic burden on patients, healthcare systems and society. In recent years, intestinal dysbiosis has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of CRC, with specific pathogens exhibiting oncogenic potentials such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Esc...

Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are an essential part of the human eye because they not only mediate and control the transfer of fluids and solutes but also protect the retina against photooxidative damage and renew photoreceptor cells through phagocytosis. However, their function necessitates cumulative exposure to the sun resulting in UV d...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most common cancers worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Malaysia. The HOXA gene cluster is a family of Homeobox A genes encoding transcriptional regulators that play vital roles in cancer susceptibility and progression. Dysregulated HOXA expression influences various aspects of carc...

Using seven complete genomes of human SARS-CoV-2 (retrieved from GISAID) isolated in Malaysia forphylogenetic tree construction, the current study showed that these strains formed four distinct clades when compared with other representative strains from Asia, Europe and US. In light of that, the genome sequences of these strains isolated in Malaysi...

There is an urgent need to search for new antibiotics to counter the growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, one of which is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Herein, we report a Streptomyces sp. strain MUSC 125 from mangrove soil in Malaysia which was identified using 16S rRNA phylogenetic and phenotypic analysi...

Biofilms form protective layers over bacteria that are associated with a majority of the hospital infections contributing to antibiotic resistance development in susceptible strains. Nowadays, there is a pressing need for developing effective anti-biofilm agents to help address the growing problem of biofilm-producing bacteria associated with antib...

The most biological multiplicity on this planet is almost certainly concealed in soils. Many valuable bacteria had been extensively dispersed in soils worldwide, with soils from terrestrial, desserts and Antarctic. Hence, soils become an intensively utilized ecological niche for the inhabitants to generate various useful biologically active natural...

As an offshoot of nanotechnology, nanomedicine has made great impact in the field of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences by achieving breakthroughs in therapeutics and diagnostics of diseases in living organisms. One of the promising breakthroughs is the application of natural product-based nanoformulations for the treatment of various human dis...

The present study explored the antioxidant potential of a Streptomyces sp. strain MUSC 5 from the mangrove forest soil in the Pahang State, Peninsular of Malaysia and determined the presence of biologically active chemical constituents contained in the methanolic extract. The 16S rRNA genomic DNA extraction, phylogenetic analysis and phenotyping me...

The colorectal cancer is among the most predominant cancer in the world including Malaysia. Numerous factors could contribute towards colorectal carcinogenesis and one of the factors is genetic predisposition. Mutations in the V-KiRas2 (Kras) oncogene have been implicated in 30-50% of the colorectal cancer patients and usually lead to poorer progno...

Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau or Sabah snake grass is well-known for its traditional uses in cancer treatment and antidiabetic properties in Asian countries. The plant has demonstrated various pharmacological activities as evidenced by in vitro and in vivo biological investigations, which include antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, antiox...

The development of functional antimicrobial metal oxide nanocomposite systems based on nanocellulose has been the subject of extensive research in recent years. In addition to its sustainability, biodegradability and non-toxic properties, nanocelullose present an extremely high surface area favoring the selective growth and immobilization of ultraf...

COVID-19 has greatly impacted the world and posed an enormous public health threat. The United Kingdom is hit harder by the COVID-19 crisis than any other European countries, besides Italy, Spain and France. The UK government has come under heavy criticism for its response to COVID-19, with lack of preparedness, shortages of personal protective equ...

The growing threat of pandemics around the world has contributed to rising uncertainty during various periods of age throughout history, with notable instances such as the Bubonic Plague in the sixth century caused by the pathogen Yersinia pestis, and more recently Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) caused by the coronavirus MERS-CoV in 2012....

The increased concentration of extracellular glutamate has been reported to play a key role in most of the neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, even though its importance as an amino acid neurotransmitter in mammalian. Glutamate toxicity, which can be caused by excessive intake of monosodium glutamate (MS...

Angelicin, a member of the furocoumarin group, is related to psoralen which is well known for its effectiveness in phototherapy. The furocoumarins as a group have been studied since the 1950s but only recently has angelicin begun to come into its own as the subject of several biological studies. Angelicin has demonstrated anti-cancer properties aga...

The term “Modern-Actinobacteria” (MOD-ACTINO) was coined by a Malaysian Scientist Dr. Lee LearnHan, who has great expertise and experience in the field of actinobacteria research. MOD-ACTINO is defined as a group of actinobacteria capable of producing compounds that can be explored for modern applications such as development of new drugs and cosmec...

The mangrove ecosystem of Malaysia remains yet to be fully explored for potential microbes that produce biologically active metabolites. In the present study, a mangrove-derived Streptomyces sp. strain MUSC 14 previously isolated from the state of Pahang, Malaysia Peninsula, was studied for its potential in producing antioxidant metabolites. The id...

The “Wuhan Virus” was first recognized in the beginning of December 2019 and identified as a new type of coronavirus 2019-nCoV. This coronavirus-induced pneumonia originated from Wuhan (China), and has spread across 27 countries, infected 17,488 people and caused 362 deaths, at the this Editorial went to press. The transmission of 2019-nCoV to indi...

A single Streptomyces strain often have the potential to produce more than one bioactive compound. Fermentation parameters include media compositions, temperature and pH, have great impact on the secondary metabolism of Streptomyces and subsequently on production of different microbial products. This review aims to consolidate the studies on the cu...