Szczepan Wiecha- PhD
- Professor (Associate) at National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration
Szczepan Wiecha
- PhD
- Professor (Associate) at National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration
Dependence and prediction of circulatory and respiratory parameters in exercise tests (CPET) in physically active people
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Introduction
I am currently conducting research in the area of prediction and validation of models determining the relationships between cardiovascular and respiratory parameters, body composition and sports performance. The analyzes are conducted on the basis of a population of over 7,000 physically active people (runners, cyclists and triathletes) who underwent CPET (cardiopulmonary exercise test). The data was collected over the years 2013-2021in medical clinic (www.sportslab.pl)
Current institution
Current position
- Professor (Associate)
Publications
Publications (71)
Background
Delayed-onset muscle soreness commonly arises from intense and unaccustomed physical exercise, leading to reduced muscle strength, increased pain and inflammation. A number of systematic reviews evaluating physiotherapeutic treatments for delayed-onset muscle soreness have been published since the 1990s. However, these systematic reviews...
Peak oxygen pulse (O2Ppeak) is an important index of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). The FRIEND database is a global source of reference values for CRF. However, no reference equation is tailored for endurance athletes (EA) to predict O2Ppeak. Here, we adjusted the well-established FRIEND equation for O2Ppeak to the characteristics of the EA popul...
Respiratory function assessment is crucial in optimizing athletic performance, safeguarding respiratory health, and ensuring athletes can perform at their peak potential while minimizing the risk of respiratory‐related issues. The S‐Index Test is a dynamic evaluation of respiratory muscle strength. However, no comprehensive reference values regardi...
Introduction
The analysis of chemoreflex and baroreflex sensitivity may contribute to optimizing patient care and athletic performance. Breath-holding tests, such as the Body Oxygen Level Test (BOLT), have gained popularity as a feasible way to evaluate the reflex control over the cardiorespiratory system. According to its proponents, the BOLT scor...
Background
Endurance athletes (EA) are an emerging population of focus for cardiovascular health. The oxygen uptake efficiency plateau (OUEP) is the levelling-off period of ratio between oxygen uptake (VO2) and ventilation (VE). In the cohort of EA, we externally validated prediction models for OUEP and derived with internal validation a new equati...
BACKGROUND: Cyclists and triathletes test, train, and race both indoors and outdoors. However, the differences between indoor and outdoor performance remain understudied. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between indoor and outdoor performance in cycling. We investigated the influence of training environment history (indoor vs. outdoor)...
Background:
Endurance athletes (EA) are an emerging population of focus for cardiovascular health. The oxygen uptake efficiency plateau (OUEP) is the levelling-off period of ratio between oxygen uptake (VO2) and ventilation (VE). In the cohort of EA, we externally validated prediction models for OUEP and derived with internal validation a new equat...
Background
Multi-ingredient pre-workout dietary supplements (MIPS), which are combinations of different ingredients acting on different physiological mechanisms, can have a synergistic effect and improve performance. The aim of the study was to determine the acute effects of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement containing: beta-alanine, taurin...
Background: Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), also known as exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), is typically caused by strenuous and/or unaccustomed physical exercise. DOMS/EIMD manifests itself in reduced muscle strength and performance levels, increased muscle soreness, swelling, and elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Numerous ran...
Background
Endurance athletes (EA) are an emerging population of focus for cardiovascular health. The oxygen uptake efficiency plateau (OUEP) is the levelling-off period of ratio between oxygen uptake (VO2) and ventilation (VE). In the cohort of EA, we externally validated prediction models for OUEP and derived with internal validation a new equati...
Background: In high temperatures, adequate hydration is vital for sustained physical exercise. This study explores the effect of three hydration strategies on physiological indices and work intensity. Methods: The research involved 12 healthy males who engaged in three test series, each separated by a one-week interval. During the trials, participa...
Background: The ratio of oxygen uptake (VO2) to minute ventilation (VE) is described as the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES). OUES has been suggested as a valuable submaximal cardiorespiratory index; however, its characteristics in endurance athletes remain unknown. In this study, we a) investigated OUES between different time intervals, b) as...
Background: Ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases and defines individuals’ responses to exercise. Its characteristics among endurance athletes (EA) remain understudied. In a cohort of EA, we aimed to (1) investigate the relationship between different methods of calculation of VE/VCO2 and (2) externally va...
![Features of a healthy diet according to ESC guidelines [10]. The...](publication/375075188/figure/tbl1/AS:11431281201909355@1698663936019/Features-of-a-healthy-diet-according-to-ESC-guidelines-10-The-Predominance-of_Q320.jpg)
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death worldwide. CVDs have become the dominant cause of death and have been a significant health challenge since the second half of the 20th century in the Polish population. The aim of our HDMI (hospital diet medical investigation) study was to examine the quality of the hospital diets given...
Background: Adaptive changes to work in a warm environment are manifested by greater sweat secretion, a reduction in the time required to trigger this response, and a smaller volume of droplet sweat flowing down the skin, much of which is not evaporated. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic physical training at two differen...
Background: Respiratory muscle training (RMT) has been investigated in the context of improved athletic performance and pulmonary function. However, psychophysiological costs of RMT remain understudied. Voluntary isocapnic hyperpnoea (VIH) and inspiratory pressure threshold loading (IPTL) are widely applied RMT methods. The main purposes of this st...
Background: Athletes in combat sports, such as judo, often experience muscle cell damage due to physical and metabolic stress. This study investigates the impact of anaerobic interval exercises involving both upper and lower limbs at different temperatures on physiological indicators. Methods: Fifteen judokas, with an average age of 20.7 ± 2.0 year...
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Science Centre (NCN) and Internal source of Medical University of Warsaw.
Introduction
Regular physical exercise is analogous to improved cardiovascular health and increased longevity. However, if in excess it can act as a dou...
Backround: Oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) is one of the most important measures of fitness and critical vital sign. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a valuable method of assessing fitness in sport and clinical settings. There is a lack of large studies on athletic populations to predict VO 2max using somatic or submaximal CPET variables. Thus, thi...
Regular physical exercise increase longevity, however acute intensive/longterm exercise can trigger the CV pathophysiological processes. Ultramarathon runners' plasma (n=22) with 2time points: before and after the run: Completion (100km) or exhaustion (median74km) was used for analysis. For untargeted metabolomic analysis; ultrahigh resolution Mass...
COVID-19 has a deteriorating impact on health which is especially important for endurance athletes (EAs) who need to maintain continuity of training. The illness affects sleep and psychology, which influence sport performance. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the consequences of mild COVID-19 on sleep and psychology and (2) to assess the...
Maximal heart rate (HRmax) is a widely used measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. Prediction of HRmax is an alternative to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), but its accuracy among endurance athletes (EA) requires evaluation. This study aimed to externally validate HRmax prediction models in the EA independently for running and cycling CPET....
COVID-19 has harmful impact on health. It is especially important for endurance athletes (EAs). Sleep and psychology influence sport performance. Aims of this study were: (1) investigation of the consequences of mild COVID-19 on sleep and psychology and (2) assessment of the consequences of the infection on cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) resu...
Maximal heart rate (HRmax) is a widely used measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. Prediction of HRmax is an alternative to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), but its accuracy among endurance athletes (EA) requires evaluation. This study aimed to externally validate HRmax prediction models in the EA independently for running and cycling CPET....
![Changes in heart rate [beats/min] and running speed [km/h] during the...](publication/368772190/figure/fig2/AS:11431281238420702@1713908660717/Changes-in-heart-rate-beats-min-and-running-speed-km-h-during-the-marathon-meanSD_Q320.jpg)
Introduction
The research examines the relationship between marathon performance and muscle stiffness changes from pre to marathon in recreational runners aged 50+ years.
Methods
Thirty-one male long-distance runners aged 50–73 years participated in the experiment. The muscle stiffness of quadriceps and calves was measured in two independent sessi...
Background: Oxygen uptake (VO2) is one of the most important measures of fitness and critical vital sign. CPET is a valuable method of assessing fitness in sport and clinical settings. This study aimed to: (1) derive prediction models for maximal VO2 (VO2max) based on exercise variables at anaerobic threshold (AT) or respiratory compensation point...
In recent years, numerous prognostic models have been developed to predict VO2max. Nevertheless, their accuracy in endurance athletes (EA) stays mostly unvalidated. This study aimed to compare predicted VO2max (pVO2max) with directly measured VO2max by assessing the transferability of the currently available prediction models based on their R², cal...
COVID-19 and imposed restrictions are linked with numerous health consequences, especially among endurance athletes (EA). Unfavorable changes in physical activity and nutrition may affect later sports and competition performance. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the impact of COVID-19 infection and pandemic restrictions on the nutrition a...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and imposed restrictions influenced athletic societies, although current knowledge about mild COVID-19 consequences on cardiopulmonary and physiologic parameters remains inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the impact of mild COVID-19 inflection on cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) performance among enduranc...
Background: Properly performed training is a matter of importance for endurance athletes (EA). It allows for achieving better results and safer participation. Recently, the development of machine learning methods has been observed in sports diagnostics. Velocity at anaerobic threshold (VAT), respiratory compensation point (VRCP), and maximal veloci...
Background:
It has been demonstrated that pressotherapy used post-exercise (Po-E) can influence training performance, recovery, and physiological properties. This study examined the effectiveness of pressotherapy on the following parameters.
Methods:
The systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to PRISMA guidelines. A literat...
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the method of choice to assess aerobic fitness.
Previous research was ambiguous as to whether treadmill (TE) and cycle ergometry (CE) results
are transferrable or different between testing modalities in triathletes. The aim of this paper was to
investigate the differences in HR and VO2 at maximum exertion...
In recent years, numerous prognostic models have been developed to predict VO2max. Nevertheless, their accuracy in endurance athletes (EA) stays mostly unvalidated. This study aimed to compare predicted VO2max (pVO2max) with directly measured VO2max.
5,260 healthy adult EA underwent a maximal exertion cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) (84.76% ma...
Background: It has been demonstrated that pressotherapy used post-exercise (Po-E) can influence training performance, recovery, and physiological properties. This study examined the effec-tiveness of pressotherapy on these parameters. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to PRISMA guidelines. A literature search...
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a treadmill (TE) or cycle ergometry (CE) is a common method in sports diagnostics to assess athletes' aerobic fitness and prescribe training. In a triathlon, the gold standard is performing both CE and TE CPET. The purpose of this research was to create models using CPET results from one modality to predic...
Background
Despite the positive effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular (CV) system, excessive exercise induces not only physiological adaptations but also adverse changes in CV system, including the heart. We aimed to evaluate the selected miRNAs expression based on bioinformatic analysis and their changes before and after an ultramara...
Background: Despite the positive effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular (CV) system, excessive exercise induces not only physiological adaptations but also adverse changes in CV system, including the heart. We aimed to evaluate the selected miRNAs expression based on bioinformatic analysis and their changes before and after an ultramar...
The study aimed to evaluate changes in selected biochemical indicators among mixed martial arts competitors in subsequent periods of the training cycle. The research involved 12 mixed martial arts athletes aged 25.8 ± 4.2 years competing in the intermediate category. Selected somatic indicators were measured twice. Biochemical indicators were asses...
Prolonged exercise can lead to muscle damage, with soreness, swelling, and ultimately reduced strength as a consequence. It has been shown that whole-body vibration (WBV) improves recovery by reducing the levels of stress hormones and the activities of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The aim of the study was to demonstrate the...
Background
The study aimed to assess whether intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) and intermittent negative pressure (INP) would attenuate the muscle damaging effects of eccentric exercise.
Methods
Forty-five healthy males were recruited. Immediately post, 24 and 48 h post eccentric exercise consisting of 100 drop jumps, volunteers randomly re...
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the method of choice to assess aerobic fitness. Previous research was ambiguous as to whether treadmill (Tr) and cycle ergometry (CE) results are transferrable or different between testing modalities in triathletes. The aim of this paper was to investigate the differences in HR and VO2 at maximum exertion...
The aim of this research is to evaluate marathon performance and asses the influence of this long-distance running endurance exercise on the changes of muscle stiffness in recreational runners aged 50 + years. Thirty-one male long-distance runners aged 50–73 years participated in the experiment. The muscle stiffness of quadriceps and calves was mea...
Maximal heart rate (HRmax) is associated mostly with age, but age alone explains the variance in HRmax to a limited degree and may not be adequate to predict HRmax in certain groups. The present study was carried out on 3374 healthy Caucasian, Polish men and women, clients of a sports clinic, mostly sportspeople, with a mean age of 36.57 years, bod...
Abstract The aim of this study was to test the utility of haemodynamic and autonomic variables (e.g. peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity [PCheS], blood pressure variability [BPV]) for the prediction of individual performance (marathon time and VO2max) in older men. The post-competition vasodilation and sympathetic vasomotor tone predict the marathon...
Background:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) on anaerobic and aerobic fitness in elite, national boxers.
Methods:
The study was conducted over a period of 6 weeks. It comprised 30 national championship boxers, divided into 2 groups: the experimental and control. Both groups performed the sam...
Background:
Oxidative stress could be result of an increase in ATP resynthesis during exercise. The aim of the study was to compare prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) disturbances induced by exercise at maximal intensity in young men with differing body compositions.
Methods:
Thirty-nine subjects were selected from 1,549 volunteers aged 18-30,...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of kinesio taping (KT) in anaerobic power recovery after eccentric exercise. The study was carried out on 10 healthy men. The participants performed two 60-min downhill runs with a constant intensity. Peak anaerobic power (PP) and mean power (MP) were measured before and five times after eccent...
Body mass and composition are considered to be significant determinants of aerobic endurance. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of body mass and its composition makeup on endurance performance. 39 men were divided into three groups of significantly different body mass and mass composition: a control group, a group with high bod...
The aim of the paper was to follow up major physiological reactions, provoked by heat stress during dry and wet sauna baths. A physical strain index and subjective estimation of heat comfort of subjects who had not taken sauna baths before was also evaluated. Ten healthy males aged 25-28 underwent a dry sauna bath and then after a one-month break t...
The purpose of this study was to determine aerobic performance in men with an increased body mass due to (a) high body fat (>21.5%) but with a average (59.0-64.3 kg) lean body mass (HBF group) and (b) high lean body mass (>66.3 kg), but with average body fat (14.0-18.5%) (HLBM group).
The men in the HBF and HLBM had similar absolute body mass and b...
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Finnish sauna bathing on a white blood cell profile, cortisol levels and selected physiological indices in athletes and non-athletes. The study evaluated 9 trained middle-distance runners and 9 male non-athletes. The subjects from both groups participated in 15-minute sauna sessions unti...
Effects of Ambient Temperature on Physiological Responses to Incremental Exercise Test
Physiological variables are regularly analyzed by coaches and sport scientists during an incremental exercise test (IET) until exhaustion. Physiological and biochemical responses of the body are modified upon exercising in the heat as well as results obtained in...
Questions
Questions (2)
I'm in the process of doing a meta-analysis and have encountered some problems with the RCT data. One of my outcom is muscle strength. In one study, I have three different measurements of muscle strength for the knee joint (isometric, concentric, eccentric). I wonder how to enter data into the meta analysis. If I give them separately, I increase the number artificially (n). The best form would probably be to combine them within this one study, because in other studies included in the meta analysis, the authors give only one strength measurement.
Thank you all for any help.
Hi, I try to calculate gross efficiency. I need some formula to calculate kcal equivalent from VO2 when we know RER.. Thanks!
