Sylvie Huet

Inrae LISC

Dynamic models can help adapt to climate change since they inform on the impacts of decisions and future events on sustainability. They make it possible to follow the evolution of variables over time, to model exogenous events and adaptive policies and to compute sustainability indicators. Various model types based on different worldviews exist, an...

In two studies about farming practices, the respondents who are particularly favorable to organic farming tend to have a higher intention to convert their farm to organic when they perceive other farmers as not very favorable to this practice. This intention can be considered as anticonformist, as it is in opposition to the general view of others....

Attitudes and social norms are key social psychological concepts that have often been considered as independent determinants of human behavior. However, questions about the interplay between the two are somewhat of a blind spot in social psychology. In the present research, we test the hypothesis that when an important change in norms is involved,...

This study examines the evolution of Schwartz’s Basic Human Values during the Covid-19 outbreak, and their relationships with perceived threat, compliance with movement restrictions and social distancing. An online questionnaire was administered to a heterogeneous sample of French citizens (N = 1025) during the first French lockdown related to the...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236840.].

Understanding human societies requires knowing how they develop gender hierarchies, which are ubiquitous. We test whether a simple agent-based dynamic process could create gender inequality. Relying on evidence of gendered status concerns, self-construals, and cognitive habits, our model included a gender difference in how responsive male-like and...

This work aims to study the interaction effect of farm characteristics and social dynamics on the conversion to organic farming with an agent-based model. In the model, an agent’s decision on the conversion to organic farming is based on the comparison between the satisfaction with its current situation and the potential satisfaction with an altern...

Understanding human societies requires knowing how they develop gender hierarchies which are ubiquitous. We test whether a simple agent-based dynamic process could create gender inequality. Relying on evidence of gendered status concerns, self-construals, and cognitive habits, our model included a gender difference in how responsive male-like and f...

Tipping point dynamics are fundamental drivers for sustainable transition pathways of social-ecological systems (SES). Current research predominantly analyzes how crossing tipping points causes regime shifts, however, the analysis of potential transition pathways from these social and ecological tipping points is often overlooked. In this paper, we...

Scientists across disciplines must often work together to address pressing global issues facing our societies. For interdisciplinary projects to flourish, scientists must recognise the potential contribution of other disciplines in answering key research questions. Recent research suggested that social sciences may be appreciated less than hard sci...

Bitcoin-otc is a peer to peer (over-the-counter) marketplace for trading with bitcoin crypto-currency. To mitigate the risks of the p2p unsupervised exchanges, the establishment of a reliable reputation systems is needed: for this reason, a web of trust is implemented on the website. The availability of all the historic of the users' interaction da...

Scientists across disciplines are encouraged to together address pressing global issues facing our societies. For interdisciplinary projects to flourish, scientists must recognise the potential contribution of other disciplines in answering key research questions. Given the extensive evidence of ingroup bias and ethnocentrism in intergroup relation...

Scientists across disciplines must often work together to address pressing global issues facing our societies. For interdisciplinary projects to flourish, scientists must recognise the potential contribution of other disciplines in answering key research questions. Recent research suggested that social sciences may be appreciated less than hard sci...

We propose an agent-based model leading to a decrease or an increase of hostility between agents after a major cultural threat such as a terrorist attack. The model is inspired from the Terror Management Theory and the Social Judgement Theory. An agent has a cultural identity defined through its acceptance segments about each of three different cul...

“Original survey script”. (PDF)

“Code book of the survey”. (PDF)

This is a text file which can be opened as a table, or a csv file. The variables are: identifier of the participant, region of France, age, gender, attitude toward Christians, attitude toward Muslims, attitude toward areligious, religion, religion (others), time of beginning of the survey, time of end of the survey. (TXT)

We consider a simple model of agents modifying their opinion about themselves and about the others during random pair interactions. Two unexpected patterns emerge: (1) without gossips, starting from zero, agents' opinions tend to grow and stabilize on average at a positive value; (2) when introducing gossips, this pattern is inverted; the opinions...

Bitcoin-otc is a peer to peer, over-the-counter marketplace for trading with bitcoin crypto-currency. To mitigate the risks of the unsupervised exchanges, the establishment of a reliable reputation systems is needed: for this reason, a web of trust is implemented on the website. The availability of all the historic of the users interaction data mak...

Social issues are generally discussed by highly-involved and less-involved people to build social norms defining what has to be thought and done about them. As self-involved agents share different attitude dynamics to other agents [Wood, W., Pool, G., Leck, K. and Purvis, D., Self-definition, defensive processing, and influence: The normative impac...

Social issues are generally discussed by highly-involved and less-involved people to build social norms defining what has to be thought and done about them. As self-involved agents share different attitude dynamics to other agents Wood, Pool et al, 1996, we study the emergence and evolution of norms through an individual-based model involving these...

We aim to study through an agent-based model the cultural conditions leading to a decrease or an increase of discrimination between groups after a major cultural threat such as a terrorist attack. We propose an agent-based model of cultural dynamics inspired from the social psychological theories. An agent has a cultural identity comprised of the m...

Bitcoin-otc is a peer to peer (over-the-counter) marketplace for trading with bit- coin crypto-currency. To mitigate the risks of the p2p unsupervised exchanges, the establishment of a reliable reputation systems is needed: for this reason, a web of trust is implemented on the website. The availability of all the historic of the users interaction d...

1 Abstract This study aims to better understand why farmers do not convert to organic farming by studying decision trajectories in a dynamic agent‐based model. In this model, an agent's decision on transitioning to organic is based on the comparison between satisfaction with its current situation and potential satisfaction with an alternative farmi...

In the coming decades, agricultural systems will have to adapt to tremendous challenges. Behavioral models have important potential to better understand and steer changes toward sustainability brought about by this context. Relying on a literature review, we distinguish incremental changes (extensions of what is already done) and transformational c...

In 1997, Robert Axelrod wondered in a highly influential paper “If people tend to become more alike in their beliefs, attitudes, and behavior when they interact, why do not all such differences eventually disappear?” Axelrod’s question highlighted an ongoing quest for formal theoretical answers joined by researchers from a wide range of disciplines...

In everyday conversation, 70% of our time is spent gossiping (Emler; 1990, Foster; 2004, Wert and Salovey; 2004)! Our peers are our preferred subject of discussion whenever we meet each other. This choice is so natural and generic to human societies that it is an issue of great interest for social scientists. Indeed social scientists commonly wonde...

We propose a hybrid microsimulation and agent-based model of mobility integrating migration and residential mobility. We tested it on the evolution of the population of the Cantal, a French “département” with 150,000 inhabitants. We calibrated it using various data sources from 1990 to 2006, and tested its predictions on other data of the same peri...

This chapter studies a model of agents having an opinion about each other agent and about themselves. During dyadic meetings, the agents change their opinion about themselves and about their interlocutor in the direction of a noisy perception of the opinions of their interlocutor. Moreover highly valued agents are more influential. This model produ...

Using the bounded-confidence model, with fixed uncertainties and extremists, we investigate how resilient the moderate mean opinion of a population is to the arrival in it of a new group of agents, when the energy of the opinion of this group (extremeness × group size) is varied. We say moderate mean opinion is resilient when, even though it may be...

We propose a hybrid microsimulation and agent-based model of mobility integrating migration and residential mobility. We tested it on the evolution of the population of the Cantal, a French “département” with 150,000 inhabitants. We calibrated it using various data sources from 1990 to 2006, and tested its predictions on other data of the same peri...

In this paper, we are interested in understanding the relation between gossip and two social phenomena: consensus and the positivity bias. These two properties of a population together seem somewhat counterintuitive: a population needs some consensus to act as a group, at the same time the positivity bias is said to be quite universal and it means...

This paper studies a model of agents having an opinion about each other agent and about themselves. During dyadic meetings, the agents change their opinion about themselves and about their interlocutor in the direction of a noisy perception of the opinions of their interlocutor. Moreover highly valued agents are more influential. This model produce...

The bounded confidence model and its variants applied to moderate and extremist agents exhibit three types of attractors: central clusters, double extreme and single extreme clusters. These attractors are observed when the models include a dynamics on the uncertainties tending to decrease the moderate uncertainties when interacting with extremists....

This paper studies a simplified version of the Leviathan model, without gossip and vanity processes. During dyadic meetings, the agents change their opinion about themselves and about their interlocutor. Speakers highly valued by their listeners are more influential. Only due to the asymmetry of the influence function, the model produces several pa...

We propose an hybrid microsimulation and agent-based model of mobility integrating migration and residential mobility. We tested it on the evolution of the population of the Cantal, a French " département " with 150,000 inhabitants. We calibrated it using various data sources from 1990 to 2006, and tested its predictions on other data of the same p...

During the PRIMA European project, we conceived a conceptual model dedicated to the study of the evolution of the European Rural Areas in terms of demography and occupation of their populations. This is a hybrid agent-microsimulation model considering inhabitants as the basic elements composing in households. On the other hand, municipalities are t...

During the PRIMA European project, we conceived a conceptual model dedicated to the study of the evolution of the European Rural Areas in terms of demography and occupation of their populations. This is a hybrid agent-microsimulation model considering inhabitants as the basic elements composing in households. On the other hand, municipalities are t...

Nous étudions une dynamique simplifiée du modèle Leviathan (Deffuant et al 2013) : les agents se rencontrent deux à deux de manière aléatoire et font évoluer les opinions qu'ils ont les uns des autres par des mécanismes de défense de soi et de propagation d'opinion sur des tiers. Nous nous intéressons à trois états de la population engendrés par ce...

Decision-support in demography generally uses microsimulation modeling (O'Donoghue, C. (2001), Li and O’Donoghue, 2012). This kind of models is totally built from data and project a population of individual’s states in time. We aimed at building such a modeling approach taking into account the residential mobility of people in order to study their...

We study the Leviathan model in which individuals have opinions on each other (Deffuant et al 2013). The model couples the management of face-to-face meetings through direct interaction implying influence depending on esteem of the other and self-management (reward or punishment depending on the returned image by the other); and gossip having an in...

Nous avons proposé un cadre conceptuel de modélisation de l'évolution des populations des municipalités rurales en Europe. Ce cadre est implémenté pour restituer la dynamique des communes du Cantal à compter de 1990. Les dynamiques de formation des couples et d'enfantement, de même que celles liées à la mobilité résidentielle sont dotées de paramèt...

We propose an opinion dynamics model that combines processes of vanity and opinion propagation. The interactions take place between randomly chosen pairs. During an interaction, the agents propagate their opinions about themselves and about other people they know. Moreover, each individual is subject to vanity: if her interlocutor seems to value he...

This thesis is dedicated to individual-based modeling of social systems. While the first part is very practical, decision-support oriented, presenting a model which studies the evolution of a rural population, the second part is more theoretical, interested in various mechanisms allowing individual to accept or resist to social influence. Firstly,...

Nous décrivons un modèle de dynamique d’opinions dans lequel les agents se rencontrent deux à deux de manière aléatoire et font évoluer les opinions qu’ils ont les uns des autres par des mécanismes de vanité et de propagation. Les simulations révèlent une grande richesse de comportements du modèle lorsque les paramètres varient. Nous avons identifi...

Nous décrivons un modèle de dynamique d’opinions dans lequel les agents se rencontrent deux à deux de manière aléatoire et font évoluer les opinions qu’ils ont les uns des autres par des mécanismes de vanité et de propagation. Les simulations révèlent une grande richesse de comportements du modèle lorsque les paramètres varient. Nous avons identifi...

This thesis is composed in two parts, both dedicated to individual-based modeling of social systems. While the first part is very practical, decision-support oriented, presenting a model which studies the evolution of a rural population, the second part is more theoretical, interested in various mechanisms allowing individual to accept or resist to...

We propose an opinion dynamics model that combines processes of vanity and opinion propagation. The interactions take place between randomly chosen pairs. During an interaction, the agents propagate their opinions about themselves and about other people they know. Moreover, each individual is subject to vanity: if her interlocutor seems to value he...

We show that a recently proposed model generates accurate commuting networks on 80 case studies from different regions of the world (Europe and United-States) at different scales (e.g. municipalities, counties, regions). The model takes as input the number of commuters coming in and out of each geographic unit and generates the matrix of commuting...

Can the discussions about new issues challenge the organization of a society? That is the question we tried to answer with a very simple model considering a society where individuals are organized into groups. An individual discuss its opinion on this new issue following the rule of the bounded confidence model implying that an individual influence...

(ZIP)

We use a minimum requirement approach to derive the number of jobs in proximity services per inhabitant in French rural municipalities. We first classify the municipalities according to their time distance to the municipality where the inhabitants go the most frequently to get services (called MFM). For each set corresponding to a range of time dis...

Human mobility and, in particular, commuting patterns have a fundamental role in understanding socio-economic systems. Analysing and modelling the networks formed by commuters, for example, has become a crucial requirement in studying rural areas dynamics and to help decision-making. This paper presents a simple spatial interaction commuting model...

This paper explores the dynamics of attitude change in two dimensions resulting from social interaction. We add a rejection mechanism into the 2D bounded confidence (BC) model proposed by Deffuant et al. (2001). Individuals are characterized by two-dimensional continuous attitudes, each associated with an uncertainty u, supposed constant in this fi...

We aim to generate virtual commuting networks in the French rural regions in order to study the dynamics of their municipalities. Since we have to model small commuting flows between municipalities with a few hundreds or thousands inhabitants, we opt for a stochastic model presented by Gargiulo et al. 2012. It reproduces the various possible comple...

The influence of commuting in socio-economic dynamics increases constantly. Analysing and modelling the networks formed by commuters to help decision-making regarding the land-use has become crucial. This paper presents a simple spatial interaction simulated model with only one parameter. The proposed algorithm considers each individual who wants t...

We recently proposed, in (Gargiulo et al., 2011), an innova tive stochastic model with only one parameter to calibrate. It reproduces the complete network by an iterative process stochastically choosing, for each commuter living in the municipality of a region, a workplace in the region. The choice is done considering the job offer in each municipa...

Many models have been proposed to analyze the evolution of opinion structure due to the interaction of individuals in their social environment. Such models analyze the spreading of ideas both in completely interacting backgrounds and on social networks, where each person has a finite set of interlocutors. In this paper we analyze the reciprocal fee...

We propose a new opinion dynamic model based on the experiments and results of Wood et al. (1996). We consider pairs of individuals discussing on two attitudinal dimensions, and we suppose that one dimension is important, the other secondary. The dynamics are mainly ruled by the level of agreement on the main dimension. If two individuals are close...

We propose a model coupling the classical opinion dynamics of the bounded confidence model, proposed by Deffuant et al., with an adaptive network forming a community or group structure. At each step, an individual can decide if it changes groups or interact on its opinion with one of its internal or external neighbour. If it decides to look at the...

We recently proposed a model coupling the evolution of the opinions of the individual with the local network topology. The opinion dynamics is based on the Bounded Confidence model. The social networks is based on a group concept where each individual is totally connected to the members of its group and is linked to the individuals of the other gro...

Many different simulation frameworks, in different topics, need to treat realistic datasets to initialize and calibrate the system. A precise reproduction of initial states is extremely important to obtain reliable forecast from the model. This paper proposes an algorithm to create an artificial population where individuals are described by their a...

Many models have been proposed to analyze the evolution of opinion structure due to the interaction of individuals in their social environment. Such models analyze the spreading of ideas both in completely interacting backgrounds and on social networks, where each person has a finite set of interlocutors.Moreover, the investigation on the topologic...

Land use choices and activity prevalence in a selected territory are determined by individual preferences constrained by the characteristic of the analysed zone: population density, soil properties, urbanization level and other similar factors can drive individuals to make different kind of decisions about their occupations. Different approaches ca...

We propose a simple model of first impression bias (FIB), where agents tend to ignore features which contradict their initial view. We consider a population of agents which are all in contact with a media, communicating randomly chosen features of an object. In some cases, we observe on simulations that FIB is significantly more frequent when the a...

This paper explores the dynamics of attitude change in 2 dimensions (2D) as a result of social interaction. We add a rejection mechanism into the 2D bounded confidence (BC) model proposed by Deffuant et al (2001). Individuals are characterised by twodimensional continuous attitudes, each associated with an uncertainty u, supposed constant in this f...