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Introduction
Sylvain Pioch is currently a researcher at LAGAM laboratory as associate professor at University Paul-Valéry Montpellier in environmental/urban planning and geography, dedicated to marine and coastal area. His aim is to enhance environmental integration from human construction and development (coastal cities harbour, off-shore windmill, breakwater, seawall...).
Publications
Publications (147)
Spatial and temporal monitoring of species threatened with extinction is of critical importance for conservation and ecosystem management. In the Mediterranean coast, the fan mussel ( Pinna nobilis ) is listed as critically endangered after suffering from a mass mortality event since 2016, leading to 100% mortality in most marine populations. Conve...
The mitigation hierarchy (avoid, minimize, restore/rehabilitate and, lastly, offset or compensate) is one of the key regulatory mechanisms that exists to include biodiversity protection in land-use planning. Implementing the mitigation hierarchy requires the use by practitioners (developers, environmental consultants and government agencies) of ope...
This research paper aims to provide the first overview of the potential for developing artificial reefs (AR) in Haiti. The overall objective is to improve food security through projects promoting the increase and management of coastal resources. After a brief historical approach to the use of AR since the 1980s, we will present a perspective on the...
With 39,400 km2 of coastal and marine areas artificialized and an increasing demand due to the growing global population—9 billion by 2050—it has become necessary to find ways to mitigate futures constructions impacts on biodiversity. This study explores how civil engineering can take further technical measures to enhance marine biodiversity, in a...
Along the French coast of the Atlantic and English Channel in a high tidal regime, only a limited number of Artificial Reefs (ARs) had been immerged in very few localities in the aim to increase the local production of fisheries of such hard artificial substratum. Moreover, ARs design have been planned to increase the diversity, abundance and bioma...
For more than fifty years, Artificial Reefs (AR) have been deployed in France to respond to the decline in fish stocks with a high deployment on the Mediterranean coast. However, from 40 sites listed, less than a quarter have not been the subject of any known published ecological or socio-economic monitoring reports, over the past five years. The l...
A main cause of biodiversity loss is artificialization of the marine environment (IPBES 2019). With 39,400 km ² of coastal and marine areas already encroached upon by human infrastructure and an increasing demand on space due to the growing global population – projected to reach 9 billion by 2050 – it is clear that humanity needs to find ways to pr...
As coastal zones are subjected to cumulative human pressures, it is vital to protect these productive and sensitive marine ecosystems. Artificial Reefs (ARs) are recognized as useful tools to overcome certain challenges to these ecosystems, if managed and regulated appropriately. While ARs were originally used for fishery purposes, for almost two d...
Within the framework of the mitigation hierarchy, biodiversity offsetting is the main tool promoted to reach No Net Loss. One of the determining factors of offsetting success is the evaluation of ecological equivalence. Various equivalence assessment methods (EAMs) have been developed to provide a framework to evaluate the balance between expected...
The main cause of biodiversity loss is human artificialization on natural environment (IPBES 2019). In marine area, with 39,400 km² of coastal and marine areas already encroached and an increasing demand of infrastructures to support human activities due to the growing of population, projected to reach 9 billion by 2050, it is clear that humanity n...
Alors qu’elle occupe une part croissante du débat public ces dernières années, la séquence « Éviter-Réduire-Compenser » est un instrument de l’action publique ayant pour objectif une non-perte nette de biodiversité lors d’opérations d’aménagement du territoire. Avec l’adoption de la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des pay...
Organisé le 15 décembre 2020, le colloque « Sites naturels de compensation : quels freins et perspectives ? » a fait le point des opportunités et des écueils rencontrés lors de la mise en œuvre, en France et à l'étranger, de dispositifs de compensation par l'offre. Vous trouverez dans ce numéro de la revue Sciences Eaux & Territoires la valorisatio...
This chapter presents the eco‐design logic of the Mayotte sealine, a pipeline laid at the bottom of the Mayotte lagoon to provide drinking water. The problem of supplying drinking water to the commune of Dzaoudzi, located on the islet of Petite‐Terre in Mayotte, led to the study of a project to restore a submarine drinking water supply pipeline wit...
In this chapter, the authors return to the fundamentals of maritime civil engineering. The intense human coastal development therefore requires a need for service infrastructures comprising ports and coastal cities. These infrastructures are exposed to the sea, a physical environment capable of developing considerable destructive forces. The mariti...
Marine eco‐design is the result of an intellectual maturation in the relationship between development and colonization, which it is important to briefly retrace. The influence of different biophysical environmental factors has been studied in order to better understand how marine ecosystems develop. State services, for their part, will need to anal...
This chapter focuses on the potential for nature‐friendly planning, trying to integrate its functional needs as a fully‐fledged objective in the design of infrastructures. The actions taken to allow for the "natural" environment for the operation of maritime works are varied. The contributions of bio‐inspiration, more modest than the idea of biomim...
The present paper provides correlative evidence that the mineralogical composition of rocks may influence marine assemblages in Mediterranean shallow sublittoral rocky habitats. They point out that direct effects on sessile organisms (e.g. macroalgae) may cascade up through the entire community and affect higher trophic levels (e.g. carnivorous fis...
Cet ouvrage nous fait découvrir comment réaliser dans l’océan, ou sur le littoral, des aménagements intégrés à l’environnement, fonctionnellement efficaces et esthétiques.L’écoconception des infrastructures maritimes propose des réponses pragmatiques et réalistes pour la réalisation d’ouvrages qui réduisent les impacts des aménagements sur l’enviro...
In 2019, the United Nations Environment Assembly requested that the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) define best practices for coral restoration. Guidelines led by the UNEP were prepared by a team of 20 experts in coral reef management, science, and policy to catalog the best-available k...
With accelerating declines of coral reefs globally and the start of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, the need for better understanding the effectiveness of coral reef restoration efforts, particularly in supporting the maintenance of ecosystem services, is accelerating. This document presents an overview of the best-available knowledge in th...
Concrete is a complex composite material; whose different components allow it to adapt to very different uses due to its physicochemical characteristics adaptable to very varied conditions. Its mechanical performance, exceptional durability and moderate cost explain the wide use of this material in the construction of marine structures. Submerged i...
Civil engineers have a responsibility to take measures to protect marine biodiversity by selecting more bioreceptive construction materials in the design of marine infrastructure, for better biodiversity conservation. In this study, it was shown that pre-carbonation of cementitious materials accelerates their bacterial colorization by lowering the...
Ecological engineering encompasses all techniques and processes for solving socioeconomic and/or environmental problems through the use of living organisms or other materials of biological or non-biological origin. Four technical approaches may be adopted: ecological restoration, ecological improvement or rehabilitation, creation and protection.Thi...
Engineers specializing in civil engineering must integrate into their design measures to protect marine biodiversity, which authorizes the concept of eco-design of marine infrastructure that respects the environment. The cementitious materials are preferred to design marine infrastructure and interact with the marine environment. These structures w...
The mitigation hierarchy has become a major regulatory tool to balance urban development with environmental interest. Notably, the success of its implementation is based on the interpretation of such politics by practitioners. In this manuscript, we focus on the interpretation of French normative definitions of the three steps in the mitigation hie...
Dans ce regard croisé, scientifiques, acteurs économique et public des territoires et représentant d'un bureau d'étude abordent quelques questions clés posées par l'application de la séquence Éviter-réduire-Compenser (ERC) à l'échelle de territoires. Quelle ambition peut-on lui donner en matière de conservation de la biodiversité ? Comment s'organi...
The 8th International Symposium "Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas. Problems and Measurements Techniques" was organized by CNR-IBE in collaboration with FCS Foundation, and Natural History Museum of the Mediterranean and under the patronage of University of Florence, Accademia dei Geogofili, Tuscany Region and Livorno Province. It is the oc...
Issu de : XVIèmes JNGCGC - Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil, Le Havre, décembre 2020 (conférence annulée)
Insufficient knowledge, tools and shared methodologies are identified as one of the causes of the weakness of the application in France of the mitigation hierarchy. This includes methods to evaluate the achievement of the No Net Loss Goal (MNNL). This article focuses on the issue of operationality from the point of view of the users of the methods...
L'activité humaine sur le littoral a un impact majeur sur l'environnement et sur la
biodiversité sous-marine. La démarche d'éco-conception permet d'intégrer les objectifs
environnementaux à la conception structurelle des ouvrages qui sont aptes à remplir
leurs fonctions techniques et une fonction environnementale de support de la
biodiversité. L'éc...
Achieving operational mitigation assessment methods to stakeholders ? → How do the scientists who design the methods deal with operationality ? → Which framework to choose to consider operationality ?
Context : In many countries, land developers assess the future impacts of their projects on biodiversity and apply the mitigation hierarchy which re...
L'absence de la perte nette de biodiversité via l'application de la séquence Eviter – Réduire - Compenser (ERC) constitue un des objectifs de la loi sur la Reconquête de la Nature et des Paysages. En pratique, cette séquence est principalement appliquée au cas par cas lorsque des projets d'aménagements impactent significativement la biodiversité. A...
Eco-design aims to enhance eco-engineering practices of coastal infrastructure projects in support of ecological functions before these projects are developed and implemented. The principle is to integrate eco-engineering concepts in the early phases of project design. Although ecological losses are inherent in any construction project, the goal of...
Bitoun, R.E.; Collin, A.; James, D., and Pioch, S., 2018. Modelling Saltmarsh Spatial Evolution at High Resolution from 1948 to 2100. In: Shim, J.-S.; Chun, I., and Lim, H.S. (eds.), Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2018 (Busan, Republic of Korea). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 85, pp. 676–680. Coconut Cre...
Most research studies related to biodiversity offsetting have focused on governance systems already in place in the terrestrial realm – these studies tend to rely on an approach of organizational economics, in particular in relation to mitigation banking schemes. In this study, emerging marine offsetting governance systems has been analyzed using t...