Syed Islam

• Professor at Lakehead University Orillia Campus

Wildfires, which can cause significant damage to power systems, are mostly inevitable and unpredictable. Fire danger indexes, such as the Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI), measure the potential wildfire danger at a given time and location. Thus, by predicting these fire danger indexes in advance, power syste...

This research presents a detailed review of high-impact low-probability (HILP) events, like wildfires, earthquakes, windstorms, and floods, which have the potential to cause major damage to power systems. These events are inevitable and hard to predict. Moreover, the uncertainties arising from distributed renewable energy resources can decrease the...

In the quest of an efficient smart energy management system that can fulfill the power demand of consumers, researchers are focusing on smart power system which can integrate both conventional and renewable energy resources as well as production of clean energy. As a result, the concept of Internet of Energy (IoE) is developed which is similar to t...

Capacitive deionization is used to purify water by applying an electric charge across two porous electrodes. These electrodes are positioned in a spacer channel that transports the desalinated water. Capacitive deionization is a more energy-efficient approach to water purification than traditional methods. The process is believed to create clean wa...

In future microgrids (MGs), increasing penetration of distributed converter-based resources (DCRs) has inevitably resulted in the problem of inertia scarcity. The interaction, combination, and/or resonance among converter control loops of DCRs, forced inputs, grid parameters, parasitic elements in networks, and system dominant modes can lead to maj...

Communication protocols play a pivotal role in the substation automation system as they carry critical information related to asset control, automation, protection, and monitoring. Substation legacy protocols run the assets’ bulk data on multiple wires over long distances. These data packets pass through multiple nodes, which makes the identificati...

Coordinated power demand management at residential or domestic levels allows energy participants to efficiently manage load profiles, increase energy efficiency and reduce operational cost. In this paper, a hierarchical coordination framework to optimally manage domestic load using photovoltaic (PV) units, battery-energy-storage-systems (BESs) and...

Microgrids have emerged as a promising solution to integrate distributed energy resources (DERs) and supply reliable and efficient electricity. The operation of a microgrid involves the coordination of different DERs and loads. To date, various control methods have been developed to maximize the overall benefit while satisfying various constraints....

A comprehensive analytical simulation and experimental assessment of the DC microgrid (DCMG) under various disturbances are presented in this paper. The investigation shows that the disturbances can cause a significant impact, i.e., voltage deterioration and power oscillation at the common DC bus. The DC-link capacitance is identified as a critical...

As the electronic interfaces between distributed energy resources (DERs) and the electrical network, power converters play a vital role in voltage stabilization and power conversion. So far, various power converter control methods have been developed. Now it is urgently needed to compare and understand these approaches to support the smart microgri...

Blockchain based framework provides data immutability in a distributed network. In this paper, we investigate the application of blockchain for peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading. Traditional energy trading systems use simple passing mechanisms and basic pricing methods, thus adversely affect the efficiency and buyers’ social welfare. We propose a b...

The smart grid accessibility over the Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming attractive to electrical grid operators as it brings considerable operational and cost efficiencies. However, this in return creates significant cyber security challenges, such as fortification of state estimation data such as state variables against false data injection att...

Substation Automation System (SAS) is currently in a matured state of technology that shall facilitate transformational changes from conventional protection scheme. IEC 61850 protocol is considered as the crux of digital SAS due to its multifunction features that include seamless communication, ability to integrate various intelligent electronic de...

In future power systems, conventional synchronous generators will be replaced by converter controlled-based generations (CCGs), i.e., wind and solar generations, and battery energy storage systems. Thus, the paradigm shift in power systems will lead to the inferior system strength and inertia scarcity. Therefore, the problems of forced oscillation...

In this paper, a technique to enhance the performances of the thermoelectric generator under non-uniform heat distribution is developed. A large area of heat source is needed when the thermoelectric generator is used for high power applications such as powering air conditioners, household appliances, and distributed generation systems. Non-uniform...

https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/books/po/pbpo199e Microgrids have emerged as a promising solution for accommodating the integration of renewable energy resources. But the intermittency of renewable generation is posing challenges such as voltage/frequency fluctuations, and grid stability issues in grid-connected modes. Model predictive...

This article proposes two generalized multilevel inverter configurations that reduce the number of switching devices, isolated DC sources, and total standing voltage on power switches, making them suitable for renewable energy sources. The main topology is a multilevel inverter that handles two isolated DC sources by ten power switches to create tw...

In this paper, a series of laboratory experiments are conducted to investigate the effect of momentary small variations in the transformer operating temperature on the dissolved gas analysis (DGA) measurement. With the increased penetration level of renewable energy sources of intermittent characteristics into electricity grids, operating power tra...

Intentional controlled islanding (ICI) is proposed to split the power system into a certain number of self-healing islands as the ultimate protective solution to avoid blackout after a large disturbance. Finding the separation boundaries and stabilising the created islands are two aspects of the ICI problem investigated in this paper. Most studies...

A transmission line fault generates transient high frequency travelling waves (TWs) that propagate through the entire network. The fault location can be determined by recording the instants at which the incident waves arrive at various points in the network. In single end-based methods, the incident wave arrival time and its subsequent reflections...

A microgrid formed by distributed generation (DG) units is capable of operating in islanded and grid-connected modes. Traditionally, by using model predictive control (MPC), these two operation modes can be achieved with two separate cost functions, which brings in control complexity and hence, compromises reliability. In this paper, a unified mode...

With the global trend to digitalize substation automation systems, International Electro technical Commission 61850, a communication protocol defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission, has been given much attention to ensure consistent communication and integration of substation high-voltage primary plant assets such as instrument tr...

This paper investigates the dissolved gases evolution in transformer oil under combined DC/AC electrical-thermal stress. Dissolved gases detected in transformer aged insulation oil reveal that oil under AC electric field combined with thermal stress can produce more dissolved gases than oil under DC electric field with thermal stress but less than...

This paper proposes a market model for the purpose of optimisation of clustered but sparse microgrids (MGs). The MGs are connected with the market by distribution networks for the sake of energy balance and to overcome emergency situations. The developed market structure enables the integration of virtual power plants (VPPs) in energy requirement o...

Identification of coherent generators (CGs) is necessary for the area based monitoring and protection system of a wide area power system. Synchrophasor has enabled smarter monitoring and control measures to be devised; hence, measurement-based methodologies can be implemented in online applications to identify the CGs. This study presents a new fra...

Multi-agent based smart grid applications have gained much attention in recent times. At the same time, information and communication technology (ICT) has become a crucial part of smart grid infrastructure. The key intention of this work is to present a comprehensive review of the literature and technological frameworks for the application of multi...

Dissolved gas in oil analysis (DGA) is one of the most reliable condition monitoring techniques that is currently used by the industry to detect incipient faults within power transformers. While the technique is well matured since the development of various offline and online measurement techniques along with various interpretation methods, no much...

Standalone hybrid remote area power systems, also known as microgrids (MGs), can provide reasonably priced electricity in geographically isolated and the edge of grid locations for their operators. To achieve the reliable operation of MGs, whilst consuming minimal fossil fuels and maximising the penetration of renewables, the voltage and frequency...

Remote and regional areas are usually supplied by isolated and self-sufficient electricity systems, which are called as microgrids (MGs). To reduce the overall cost of electricity production, MGs rely on non-dispatchable renewable sources. Emergencies such as overloading or excessive generation by renewable sources can result in a substantial volta...

This article evaluates the effect of randomly distributed, residential single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems in the low voltage residential networks, during short-circuit faults on the overhead lines. The important parameters such as the fault current, the current sensed at the distribution transformer secondary, and the voltage profile along t...

One of the key challenges in multilevel inverters (MLIs) design is to reduce the number of components used in the implementation while maximising the number of output voltage levels. This paper proposes a new concept that facilitates a device count reduction technique of existing cascaded MLIs. Moreover, the proposed concept can be utilised to exte...

In the twenty first century our major concern has been the ‘sustainable development’ in the world by having a balance of economic, social and environmental development. With the increasing population and affluence in the world the challenge of sustainable development has created increasing concerns. This demands an analysis of the challenges and th...

One of the most expensive and critical component in wind turbines is the gearbox. Gearbox failure may have significant impacts on the network in terms of continuity of power supply especially in islanded areas where the majority of power demand is supplied by wind farms. As such, an effective condition monitoring technique for wind turbine gearbox...

Abstract Participation of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) is expected to grow in emerging smart grids. A strategy to overcome potential grid overloading caused by large penetrations of PEVs is to optimize their battery charge-rates to fully explore grid capacity and maximize the customer satisfaction for all PEV owners. This paper proposes an onli...

Microgrid is a cluster of distributed generations, electrical energy storage units, reactive power sources and distributed loads that can operate in grid-connected and/or islanded modes. In recent environmental pollution and energy crisis, photovoltaic and wind power generation are playing a vital role in energy production. However, the output powe...

Emerging smart grid technology is creating unique opportunity for wide applications of renewable distributed generation resources, smart appliances and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). This paper presents a combined online (real-time) and delayed (overnight and next day) PEV coordination scheme based on fuzzy reasoning and maximum sensitivity sele...

The intermittency of solar-powered energy sources prompts the uncertainty of load management. The influence of shading (whatever the reason may be) directly diminishes the feasible output power of the photovoltaic (PV) generators. The major causes of shading are the weather condition changes like the clouds, storms, and rains. Thereby, the dispatch...

This paper presents the design and analysis of nano-structured gratings to improve the conversion efficiency in GaAs solar cells by reducing the light reflection losses. A finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation tool is used to design and simulate the light reflection losses of the subwavelength grating (SWG) structure in GaAs solar cells....

This paper presents an analysis on the disconnection time of single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems (PVs), located in a three-phase four-wire low voltage distribution feeder, after a single-phase and a three-phase short-circuit fault on the low-voltage feeder. The paper aims to evaluate and discuss the disconnection time and disconnection sequen...

This chapter presents a preliminary study conducted to improve photovoltaic (PV) cell conversion efficiency using MATLAB/Simulink platform. The study uses multi-junction solar cell and investigates the maximum performance compared with a conventional silicon PV cell. Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) is applied to assess the conversion efficiency...

Reliable protection and communication are the key features in a digital substation from protection, control and automation perspective. Implementation of digital protection in high voltage (HV) substations could provide increased reliability, optimized maintenance cost and improved communication capabilities. The application of IEC 61850-9-2 proces...

Frequency response analysis (FRA) has been globally accepted as a reliable tool to detect mechanical deformation within power transformers. However, because of its reliance on graphical analysis, interpretation of FRA signature is still a challenging area that calls for skilled personnel, as so far, there is no widely accepted reliable standard cod...

This paper presents an analysis on the disconnection time of sin-gle-phase rooftop PVs, located in a three-phase four-wire low voltage distribution feeder after a line-to-ground short-circuit fault on the low voltage feeder. The paper aims to evaluate and discuss the disconnection time and sequence of PVs in a network with 100% PV penetration level...

Dynamic Line rating can be used as a temporary alternative to manage congestion in networks that have high penetration of renewable generation. Key factors for implementing dynamic line ratings in scheduling and planning are network imbalance constraints. Modern power systems are expected to have some degree of imbalance even at the transmission le...

Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs) are currently extensively used in variable speed wind power plants due to their superior advantages that include reduced converter rating, low cost, reduced losses, easy implementation of power factor correction schemes, variable speed operation and four quadrant active and reactive power control capabilities...

Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) has become a reliable tool to detect mechanical deformation within power transformers. Many researchers have investigated the impact of various mechanical winding and core deformations on transformer FRA signature using either simulation analysis or practical testing to establish a standard code for FRA signature i...

Dynamic line ratings have been shown as an attractive alternative to conventional congestion management methods that can potentially improve wind integration. However, the modelling of dynamic line ratings is dependent on effectively modelling the risk of thermal overload which usually has a high amount of uncertainty. This paper uses a sample aver...

Interfacial tension (IFT) and acid numbers of insulating oil are correlated with the number of years that a transformer has been in service and are used as a signal for transformer oil reclamation. Oil sampling for IFT measurement calls for extra precautions due to its high sensitivity to various oil parameters and environmental conditions. The cur...