Sven Sängerlaub

Munich University of Applied Sciences | HM · Department of Building Services Engineering and Print and Media Technology

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. Snack chips come in a wide variety. They are sensitive to oxidation and water vapor absorption...

Fill product residues in packagings are equivalent to product losses. They are washed out after sorting and before commencing recycling processes. Not much data have been published about how much fill product is still present in packagings dedicated for recycling. Results are often from laboratory trials. Therefore, several hundred packagings from...

Since, according to many scientific studies, price is a very important factor when buying fruits and vegetables, it is interesting to study whether price differences between them occur in retail markets. Because of the discussion regarding sustainability, we performed an observational, orienting study on the retail prices of frequently bought packa...

Ein Trend in der Zellstoff- und Papierindustrie ist die Nutzung von Nicht-Holzpflanzen, z. B. von Einjahrespflanzen und Gräsern. Sie sollen Bäume als Rohstoffquelle für Zellstoff substituieren. Da sich die Zusammensetzung und die Fasereigenschaften unterscheiden, müssen diese bewertet werden. In dieser Machbarkeitsstudie wurden Zellstoff aus Hopfen...

In this study, a 96-well exposure system for safety assessment of nanomaterials is developed and characterized using an air-liquid interface lung epithelial model. This system is designed for sequential nebulization. Distribution studies verify the reproducible distribution over all 96 wells, with lower insert-to-insert variability compared to non-...

Oxygen scavengers are used to reduce the oxygen permeation of packaging (active barrier) and to absorb oxygen from its direct environment, e.g., a headspace of packaged food. Few oxygen scavenger coatings have been developed. Therefore, in this study, a novel oxygen scavenger coating has been developed. It is based on inorganic-organic polymers (OR...

Yogurt is a diverse dairy product category. It is available in different packaging designs made of different materials. To identify potential for improvement for these packagings, a better understanding about used materials and packaging efficiencies is necessary. For this study, 150 dairy products and some yogurt relevant desserts were bought from...

Beschäftigt man sich mit dem Thema nachhaltige Verpackung, ist man schnell mit Zielkonflikten, Widersprüchen und unterschiedlichen Sichtweisen konfrontiert. Hier hilft es, die Vogelperspektive einzunehmen. Beschaffung, Anwendung und End-of-Life müssen ganzheitlich in die Bewertung einbezogen werden.

Fadenzug ist ein immer wieder vorkommendes, unerwünschtes Phänomen bei Schmelzklebstoffen, die durch Raupenauf-trag appliziert werden. Der Fadenzug acht verschiedener Heißklebstoffe für verpackungsrelevante Anwendungen wurde bei verschiedenen Temperaturen und Abständen von Düsenkopf und Trägermaterial sowie mit unterschiedlichen Düsen-arten analysi...

Anfang 2022 wurden für eine Studie 150 verschiedene Verpackungen für Joghurt und für Joghurt geeignete Verpackungen analysiert. Ziel der Studie war es, die Fülleffizienzen von marktüblichen Joghurtverpackungen zu vergleichen.

Citation: Ladhari, A.; Kucukpinar, E.; Stoll, H.; Sängerlaub, S. Comparison of Properties with Relevance for the Automotive Sector in Mechanically Recycled and Virgin Polypropylene. Recycling 2021, 6, 76. https:// Abstract: Polypropylene (PP) has a high recycling potential. However, the properties of mechanically recycled PP (R-PP) have not been fu...

Several packaging solutions for the food industry have to consider the harmful effects of oxygen within a pack for packaging of oxygen sensitive foods. This issue can be addressed by using oxygen scavengers. However, in adverse cases, conventional oxygen scavengers react too slowly to reduce the access of oxygen to sensible foods. Therefore, severa...

Im interdisziplinären Forschungsprojekt „Verbraucherreaktionen bei Plastik und dessen Vermeidungsmöglichkeiten am Point of Sale“ (VerPlaPoS) wurden im Zeitraum Oktober 2017 bis März 2021 von verschiedenen wissenschaftli-chen Institutionen in Zusammenarbeit mit Partnern aus der Praxis Handlungsoptionen und die Rolle von Verbraucher*innen bei der Ver...

Damit verpacktes Brot nicht austrocknet, benötigt ein gutes Brotpapier eine Barriere. Wie lässt sich diese nachhaltig gestalten? Ein Projekt gibt Aufschluss.

Packaging materials containing certain salts can regulate the humidity of packaged products. This study investigated whether thermoforming of foamed monolayer PP films with dispersed NaCl increases the water vapour sorption capacity and rate. Foamed monolayer PP-films (thickness 630 μm, porosity 0.28) with 6 (g/100 g) dispersed NaCl crystals were t...

We investigated the influence of multiple extrusions of poly-(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) blended with a polymer-based oxygen scavenger. PET and PET blended with an oxygen scavenger additive were extruded up to four times to polymer strands. They were chilled in a water bath and cut to granules. Between the extrusions, the granules were dried at...

In diesem Diskussionspapier werden die Handlungsoptionen und die Rolle von VerbraucherInnen bei der Vermeidung von Plastik(müll) im Bereich Lebensmittel-verpackungen beleuchtet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass sich VerbraucherInnen in einem Spannungsfeld bewegen: Auf der einen Seite steht der Wunsch nach Verzicht, bzw. Reduzierung von Plastik und dem Bedürf...

Taking into account the current trend for environmentally friendly solutions, paper coated with a biopolymer presents an interesting field for future packaging applications. This study covers the application of the biopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) on a paper substrate via extrusion coating. The intention of this study...

Silica gel is a well-known desiccant. Through dispersion of silica gel in a polymer, films can be made that absorb and desorb water vapor. The water vapor absorption becomes reversible by exposing such films to a water vapor pressure below that of the water vapor pressure during absorption, or by heating the film. The intention of this study was to...

Gegenstand dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung von Folien zur Nutzung im Verpackungsbereich, die Wasserdampf absorbieren und desorbieren und dadurch die relative Luftfeuchte in ihrer Umgebung regulieren. Es wurden vier verschiedene Typen von feuchteabsorbierenden und "feuchteregulierenden" Einschichtfolien als disperse Systeme aus Sorbentien in Träge...

Our study has shown that PHBV with plasticizer is suitable for coating paper by extrusion. The bond strength at low plasticizer concentration is sufficiently high. We regard this result as a success. The use of plasticizers leads to better processabili-ty, less brittleness and higher elongation at break. Nevertheless, cracks also occur in these spe...

Polymers with dispersed desiccants are relevant for various packaging applications to protect packaged goods from water vapor. The intention of this study was to analyze and to describe a relevant system. Therefore, films with calcium oxide (CaO) were investigated, because such materials are hardly described in scientific literature. Monolayer film...

Humidity control is one of the biggest challenges in modified atmosphere and humidity packaging (MAHP) of fresh horticultural products, especially those of high transpiration rate. Humidity absorbing trays containing active moisture absorber substance in the structure have been recently emerged as a potential solution in this area. Here packaging o...

The water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of packaging materials and edible coatings is one of their critical parameters for the shelf life of many food products. The water vapour transmission rates of flat bodies such as films are determined by permeation measurements which are a steady-state method. Another method is based on water vapour sorptio...

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and starch nanoparticles (SNP) have remarkable physical and mechanical characteristics. These properties particularly facilitate their application as high-performance components of bio-based packaging films as alternatives to fossil-based counterparts. This study demonstrates a time-efficient and resource-saving extract...

The relative humidity level in the immediate vicinity of objects such as foods and technical items has an influence on transpiration and undesired relative humidity dependant reactions on their surfaces such as water vapour condensation, chemical reactions and microbial growth. Desirable are therefore materials that regulate the relative humidity t...

The aim of this study was to analyze how corona dosages above recommended levels affect film surface energy and hydrophobic recovery of such treated film surfaces as well as laminate bond strength of laminates made of these films. The adhesive for lamination was a polyurethane-adhesive with a dry film thickness of ∼5 µm. Polar and dispersive parts...

Polybutene-1 (PB-1) is dispersed via extrusion in polyethylene (PE) based sealing layers to achieve ‘easy peel’ properties. PB-1 forms islands there. During opening of packagings with such sealing layers, cohesive fracture occurs within the sealed area along these PB-1 islands. The aim of this study was to find suitable methods for the identificati...

Polymer materials that regulate the relative humidity in their environment are relevant for applications in the packaging and building sectors. By integration of salts in polymer structures, such materials are able to absorb and desorb high amounts of water vapor. In this study, films of polylactic acid and polypropylene with dispersed calcium chlo...

The oxygen permeability of films is relevant for packaging related and technical applications. An increasingly used test method for the measurement of oxygen permeability is the optical test method, because it allows a simple and cost-efficient measurement setup. This method is based on optical chemical sensors. However, not much is known about its...

Oxygen scavengers are used in food packaging to protect oxygen-sensitive food products. A mixture of gallic acid (GA) and sodium carbonate was used as an oxygen scavenger (OSc) in bio-based multilayer packaging films produced in a three-step process: compounding, flat film extrusion, and lamination. We investigated the film surface color as well as...

Thermoplastic shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) polymers were synthesized, cast to films, and their gas barrier properties were characterized. In addition, performance of an optical method was assessed by measuring oxygen permeability (PO2) of the films. PO2 of the SMPU film was at least two times higher than that of low density polyethylene (LDPE a...

Oxygen scavengers which are based on oxidation of iron powder dispersed in a polymer matrix are established in the packaging industry. They protect foods from oxygen. The iron particles have a diameter of several micrometers, which is too high to allow thin layers in multilayer film structures. A promising alternative is a developed nanoscale oxyge...

Blending of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with oxygen scavenger additives is a way to reduce ingress of oxygen into PET bottles made of these blends. The objective is to reduce oxidation of packaged beverages and oils. However, few studies were performed about the long-time influence of temperature on PET bottles with oxygen scavenger additive...

Whey protein coatings and cast films are promising for use as food packaging materials. Ongoing research is endeavoring to reduce their permeability. The intention of this study was to evaluate the effect of the reactive additives sodium sulfite, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and urea on the oxygen barrier, water vapor barrier, and protein solubili...

Oxygen permeability is a selection criterion for packaging material and should be measured regularly. Fraunhofer IVV developed for the company PreSens a cost-efficient measuring method and measuring cells, which are now available on the market. Important validation results are presented.

Fresh meat is a sensitive product. Consumers expect a minimum shelf-life of 10 days. Therefore fresh meat has to be protected against deterioration. Measures to preserve the quality are the use of suitable packaging materials and the application of an adapted packaging process. Key selection criteria for the packaging materials are mechanical prope...

For packaged fresh produce, inappropriate high relative humidity (RH) levels and condensation of water vapour cause premature spoilage. Humidity-regulating trays were developed to solve this issue. They were made from a thermoformed multilayer structure: polyethylene (outside)/foamed hygroscopic ionomer (active layer) with 0 or 12 wt% NaCl/hygrosco...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of relative humidity (RH) on the oxygen permeability and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of whey protein coated Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or whey protein monolayer films. Furthermore, the activation energies for the permeability of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen as well as the pe...

An often used oxygen scavenger is a blend of iron powder and additives dispersed in a polymer carrier matrix. It is applied as an additive for separate layers of multilayer film structures which are produced by coextrusion. Not much is known about the influence of multiple extrusions, for example during recycling processes, of these materials on po...

Plastic food packaging must be acceptably priced for the industry and must guarantee effective protection of the food products. A market study has screened commercial packaging and identified potential cost savings. http://www.ivv.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ivv/en/documents/2015MAP_Fraunhofer%20IVV%20KU_int_2015_08_.pdf

Mushrooms are highly transpiring and respiring commodities. The plastic films commonly used for fresh produce have lower water vapour permeability relative to the transpiration rate of mushrooms. Therefore, excessive moisture accumulation occurs inside the package causing condensation. Fluctuations in temperature along the supply chain aggravate th...

Most polymeric materials used in fresh produce packaging have lower water vapour transmission rate relative to the transpiration rate of fresh produce. The consequences are high humidity levels and condensation of water vapour inside the package. The humidity-regulating trays were developed and tested in this study. They were made from a thermoform...

This study investigates chemical grafting with fatty acid chlorides as a method for the surface modification of hydrophilic web materials. The resulting changes in the water repellence and barrier properties were studied. For this purpose, different grades of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) were coated on regenerated cellulose films ("cellophane") and pap...

Whey protein is an excellent barrier material, potentially providing the low oxygen permeability and water vapour transmission rate required for packaging materials for sensitive foods. A topical issue is how to reduce the permeability of the whey protein-based layers. One possible strategy is to apply crosslinking agents. In the present study, the...

Crude oil is becoming scarcer and more expensive, resulting in alternative biobased or partially biobased materials gaining importance in the field of plastic packaging and encouraging the development of naturally derived, protein-based plastics (Endres, 2009; Jones and McClements, Compreh. Rev. Food Sci. Food Safety 2010, 9, 374; Khwaldia et al.,...

Viele Früchte, Gemüse und Pilze sind empfindlich gegenüber Wasserkondensation an ihrer Oberfläche. Diese kann selbst bei niedrigen und unter praktischen Bedingungen nicht vermeidbaren Temperaturschwankungen auftreten. Grund ist die vergleichsweise hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit im Innern der geschlossenen Folienverpackung. Während die Kondensation von Wasse...

The present invention relates to a refrigeration appliance (100) having a storage area (101) for refrigerated goods, in which the refrigeration appliance (100) comprises a moisture-regulating element (103) for setting a relative humidity in the storage area (101) of more than 75%.

The incorporation of salt in a polymer matrix could potentially achieve a humidity-regulating film system of high porosity for packaging applications. In this study, sodium chloride (NaCl) powder was used as a model substance for humidity-regulating fillers in polypropylene films. A polypropylene homopolymer was extrusion-blended with NaCl at conce...

To protect sensitive food products from oxidative deterioration, multilayer barrier film systems and also modified atmosphere packaging are widely applied. However, the preservation of food quality in such packaging systems may be compromised by the presence of defects in the sealing layer of the films, especially when these are below a critical si...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the new trends in plastic additives, with special focus on developments in food packaging materials. Design/methodology/approach – Phenomenological research has brought awareness and increased insight into the role of various plastic additives on the packaging of foods. The approach is based on the...

The oxygen permeability of PET bottles has a signifi cant Influence on the shelf-life of beverages that are sensitive to oxygen. To reduce the permeability, PET is blended with barrier materials like MXD6 (MXD6 is a mainly aliphatic polyamide resin which contains meta-xylylene groups). The aim of this study was to investigate the temperature depend...

This study proposes a mathematical time-dependent model to examine the humidity sorption kinetics and the storage capacity of a porous packaging polymer material (PP) containing NaCl as hygroscopic substance. Water vapour pressure gradient was chosen as the principal driving force for the transport of water vapour in the film. Solving the diffusion...

http://www.ivv.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ivv/en/documents/infoblaetter/FoodQuality/2012_Humidity_regulating_packaging.pdf

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the recent trends in the development of active packaging (AP) for foods. Design/methodology/approach – The most up‐to‐date and pertinent studies within the literature have been included and summated in this paper. Findings – Fresh foods are widely consumed and are becoming a major component of the...

Due to increased demands for greater stringency in relation to hygiene and safety issues associated with fresh food products, coupled with ever-increasing demands by retailers for cost-effective extensions to product shelf-lives and the requirement to meet consumer expectations in relation to convenience and quality, the food packaging industry has...

The invention relates to a packaging container for liquids, which has a closable pouring apparatus (5, 6) in an upper region and at least one ventilation apparatus (2, 7), which is arranged at a distance from the pouring apparatus (5, 6). The ventilation apparatus (2, 7) has a cover (1, 8) over a ventilation opening (2), which permits only lateral...

Postharvest browning of Agaricus mushrooms is a severe problem that reduces the shelf life of harvested mushrooms because of their continued respiration and biochemical activity. There are no simple answers and no single treatment is known to limit overall quality deterioration. However, there are several strategies that are being implemented in or...

Moisture regulating packaging and antimicrobial active films protects food and keeps it fresh longer. Moisture absorbers bind water vapor, thereby preventing products from absorbing water. A moisture absorbent film is Alcan Packaging's 'Formpack', which consists of aluminum composite for tablet blisters closed by a cover film from aluminum composit...

The barriers of plastic bottles, in oxygen-sensitive device covers and sterilizable packaging can be improved by oxygen absorbers. Their effectiveness has to be tuned according to the specific application to utilize these substances efficiently. Some of the significant developments in the field include oxygen scavengers (oxygen absorbers), moisture...

Sauerstoffabsorber. Die Barriere von Kunststoffflaschen und Verschlüssen für sauerstoffempfindliche Geräte und bei sterilisierbaren Verpackungen kann durch Sauerstoffabsorber verbessert werden. Um diese Substanzen kosteneffektiv einzusetzen, muss deren Wirksamkeit auf die jeweilige Anwendung abgestimmt sein.

The indicator has a deliquescent substance that forms solution, during exceeding of deliquescent point, where the indicator is not provided with complex agent. A metal and/or semi-metal, which reacts with the solution under formation of the substance, which is formed in a partial transparent manner. The substance exhibits color, which is different...

Active packages were developed to deliberately absorb or release substances from or into foods and their environment. They complement the functionalities of conventional passive packages, e.g. their barrier and protection properties. The most important active functions are oxygen absorption, moisture absorption, ethylene absorption, release of anti...

Within the ACOSIC project supported by the European Commission novel oxygen scavenger and indicator systems were developed to remove the residual oxygen from inside the packaging and simultaneously to display the functionality of the oxygen scavenger or the integrity of the food packaging. The oxygen scavenger/indicator systems can be applied by co...

Method for the production of a moisture-regulating packaging material made from a polymer matrix having cavities, in which at least one moisture regulator that is suitable for the absorption and/or discharge of moisture is dispersed, wherein the moisture regulator is mixed with the polymer forming the polymer matrix and is thus embedded into the po...

Frischfleisch ist ein empfindliches Lebensmittel, das vor Verderb geschützt werden muss. Eine Maßnahme zum Qualitätserhalt und zur Erreichung der von Konsumenten geforderten Mindeshaltbarkeitsdauer (MHD) ist der Einsatz geeigneter Verpackungsmateialien und -prozesse. Wichtige Auswahlkriterien sind neben den mechanischen Eigenschaften die Barriereei...

http://www.ivv.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ivv/de/documents/GF/2012_feuchteregulierende_verpackung_d.pdf