Suzanne M Carbotte

• Columbia University

P‐to‐S‐converted waves observed in controlled‐source multicomponent ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) records were used to derive the Vp/Vs structure of Cascadia Basin sediments. We used P‐to‐S waves converted at the basement to derive an empirical function describing the average Vp/Vs of Cascadia sediments as a function of sediment thickness. We deri...

Water is carried by subducting slabs as a pore fluid and in structurally bound minerals, yet no comprehensive quantification of water content and how it is stored and distributed at depth within incoming plates exists for any segment of the global subduction system. Here we use seismic data to quantify the amount of pore and structurally bound wate...

We report results from a wide-angle controlled source seismic experiment across the Juan de Fuca plate designed to investigate the evolution of the plate from accretion at the Juan de Fuca Ridge to subduction at the Cascadia margin. A two-dimensional velocity model of the crust and upper mantle is derived from a joint reflection-refraction travel-t...

We present pre-stack time migrated multi-channel seismic images along two cross-plate transects from the Juan de Fuca (JdF) Ridge to the Cascadia deformation front (DF) offshore Oregon and Washington from which we characterize crustal structure, distribution and extent of faults across the plate interior as the crust ages and near the DF in respons...

We examine along-axis variations in melt content of the axial magma lens (AML) beneath the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) using an amplitude variation with angle of incidence (AVA) crossplotting method applied to multichannel seismic data acquired in 2008. The AVA crossplotting method, which has been developed for and, so far, applied for h...

Over the course of a scientific career, a large fraction of the data collected by scientific investigators turns into data at risk of becoming inaccessible to future science. Although a part of the investigators’ data is made available in manuscripts and databases, other data may remain unpublished, non-digital, on degrading or near obsolete digita...

Upper oceanic crust at fast- to intermediate-spreading mid-ocean ridges is thought to form from the intrusion and eruption of magma accumulated within a mid-crustal reservoir present beneath the ridge axis. However, the mechanisms for formation of the lower crust are debated. Observations from pieces of ancient oceanic crust exposed on land — ophio...

Most of the magma erupted at mid-ocean ridges is stored in a mid-crustal melt lens that lies at the boundary between sheeted dikes and gabbros. Nevertheless, images of the magma path- ways linking this melt lens to the overlying eruption site have remained elusive. Here, we have used seismic methods to image the thickest magma reservoir observed be...

We use three-dimensional multi-streamer seismic reflection data to investigate variations in axial magma lens (AML) physical properties along the East Pacific Rise between 9°30’N-10°00’N. Using partial-offset stacks of P and S-converted waves reflecting off the top of the AML, we image four 2-4 km-long melt-rich sections spaced 5-10 km from each ot...

Crustal accretion at fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges is believed to be concentrated in a narrow zone up to a few kilometers wide centered beneath the ridge axis. However, there is increasing evidence for off-axis magmatism occurring beyond this narrow zone. Here, we present 3D multichannel seismic (MCS) images from the East Pacific Rise 9°37–40′N e...

We computed crustal thickness (5740±270 m) and mapped Moho reflection character using 3D seismic data covering 658 km2 of the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) from 9˚42′-9˚57′N. Moho reflections are imaged within ~87% of the study area. Average crustal thickness varies little between large sections of the study area suggesting regionally unif...

The global mid-ocean ridge is segmented in its seafloor morphology and magmatic systems, but the origin of and relationships between this tectonic and magmatic segmentation are poorly understood. At fast-spreading ridges, tectonic segmentation is observed on a fine scale, but it is unclear whether this partitioning also occurs in the magmatic syste...

Amplitude variation with offset (AVO) or angle (AVA) analysis has been used to identify and characterize numerous hydrocarbon fields. Its success is reflected in tremendous effort to facilitate the AVO/AVA analysis process and develop new softwares accordingly. As a result of the effort a technique of AVO/AVA crossplotting was developed and has pro...

Increased availability of geoscience data resources has resulted in new opportunities for developing visualization and analysis tools that not only promote data integration and synthesis, but also facilitate quantitative cross-disciplinary access to data. Interdisciplinary investigations, in particular, frequently require visualizations and quantit...

Magmatic accretion of new oceanic crust at intermediate- to fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges occurs along a narrow axial zone. This zone is characterized by molten sills in the crust that are emplaced within about 3km of the ridge axis and overlie a zone of elevated temperatures and partial melt. There are disparate indications of off-axis magmatism...

Academic research using marine multichannel seismic (MCS) methods to investigate processes related to Earth's oceanic crust has made substantial advances in the last decade. These advances were made possible by access to state-of-the-art MCS acquisition systems, and by development of data processing and modeling techniques that specifically deal wi...

As part of the suite of multidisciplinary investigations undertaken by the Ridge 2000 Program, new multichannel seismic studies of crustal structure were conducted at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) 8°20'-10°10'N and Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. These studies provide important insights into magmatic systems and hydrothermal flow in thes...

As part of the suite of multidisciplinary investigations undertaken by the Ridge 2000 Program, new multichannel seismic studies of crustal structure were conducted at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) 8 degrees 20'-10 degrees 10'N and Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. These studies provide important insights into magmatic systems and hydrother...

We present observations from a combined multichannel seismic reflection and sonobuoy refraction survey of the shallow seismic structure of the Costa Rica Rift crust as a function of age, bathymetry, and sedimentation from the rift axis to DSDP/ODP Hole 504B in the Panama Basin. The MCS data were acquired with a 4-km-long, 160 channel hydrophone str...

Marine science data collected using the U.S. academic research fleet support a diverse array of investigations across the ocean sciences, targeting important questions ranging from the impacts of global change on ocean chemistry and ecosystems, to the structure and dynamics of ocean circulation, to the nature of volcanic and earthquake processes at...

EarthObserver (http://www.earth-observer.org/), developed by the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, brings a wealth of geoscience data to Apple iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch mobile devices. Built around an easy-to-use interface, EarthObserver allows users to explore and visualise a wide range of data sets superimposed upon a det...

We compute, analyze and present crustal thickness variations for a section of the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR). The area of 3D coverage is between 9°38'N and 9°58' N (~1000 km2), where the documented eruptions of 1990-91 and 2005-06 occurred. The crustal thickness is computed by depth converting the two-way reflection travel times from th...

Bathymetric data products generated with deep submergence technology can be of meter to sub-meter resolution, providing an unprecedented view of seafloor features. Data at this resolution provide near photo-quality information that can be used to not only quantify morphologic features and create geologic maps, but can also be used to develop and re...

The East Pacific Rise (EPR) between the Siqueiros and Clipperton Transform Faults is a unique site on the global mid-ocean ridge where two documented eruptions have occurred and abundant hydrothermal venting has been extensively monitored over the past two-decades. Multi-channel seismic (MCS) data acquired during cruise MGL0812 to the region permit...

During the 3D multi-channel seismic (MCS) survey MGL0812 aboard the R/V Langseth, several mid-crust reflectors were discovered off axis on both flanks of the East Pacific Rise from 9°35.6-57.0'N. The reversed polarity of these off-axis reflections with respect to the seafloor and Moho reflections and the high attenuation of the crust detected benea...

It is believed that the discontinuities that are readily seen along spreading centers in bathymetric data are related to magma supply within the crust. The Axial Magma Chambers (AMC) within which the magma supply is pounding have been imaged before but the resolution of the multichannel seismic data (MCS) was not sufficient to clearly define geomet...

Variations in topography and seismic structure are observed along the Juan de Fuca (JdF) Ridge axis and in the vicinity of pseudofaults on the ridge flanks left by former episodes of ridge propagation. Here we analyze gravity data coregistered with multichannel seismic data from the JdF Ridge and flanks in order to better understand the origin of c...

How oceanic crust evolves has important implications for understanding both subduction earthquake hazards and energy and mass exchange between the Earth's interior and the oceans. Although considerable work has been done characterizing the evolution of seismic layer 2A, there has been little analysis of the processes that affect layer 2B after form...

Since the beginning of European colonization, the Hudson River Estuary has been a focus of commerce and transportation in the northeastern United States. Varying demands caused by changing technology and increasing population have resulted in significant modifications of large sections of the Hudson River shoreline including channel constriction, f...

Melt has a particularly strong effect on shear velocity, and therefore affects the amplitude versus offset behavior of P- and S-converted waves reflected off a crustal melt lens. The first 3D multi-streamer seismic reflection experiment conducted aboard R/V Langseth (Cruise MGL0812) collected a very dense dataset along and across the northern East...

In Summer 2008 we conducted a three-dimensional, multi-streamer seismic reflection experiment over the RIDGE-2000 East Pacific Rise Integrated Study Site (cruise MGL0812). Here we present 3D post-stack time-migrated reflectivity images of a subset of the MGL0812 main seismic volume covering a ~16x13 km 2 area over the ridge crest between ˜9°50'-57'...

We present stack and migrated stack volumes of a fast-spreading center produced from the high-resolution 3D multichannel seismic (MCS) data collected in summer of 2008 over the East Pacific Rise (EPR) at 9°50'N during cruise MGL0812. These volumes give us new insight into the D structure of the lower crust and Moho Transition Zone (MTZ) along and a...

In summer 2008, the first 3D multi channel seismic survey of the R/V Langseth was conducted at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) 9°50'N, one of the Ridge2000 Integrated Study Sites. Besides the main 3D box, the survey included a suite of along axis lines extending throughout the entire ridge segment from the Clipperton to Siquieros Fracture Zones (three...

We present results from 3D time-domain processing of the dual-source, four-streamer seismic dataset acquired in 2008 by R/V Langseth at the 9°50'N Integrated Study Site (ISS) on the East Pacific Rise. The survey was designed with a main goal to determine the fine-scale geometry of the magmatic system across three fourth-order ridge axis discontinui...

Recent observations of crustal structure associated with propagating ridge offsets at both the Endeavour and East Pacific Rise (EPR) ISS indicate local crustal thickness anomalies are associated with propagating ridge tips and renew the question of the role of melt anomalies in driving ridge propagation. Seismic and gravity data from the flanks of...

The detailed morphology of the global ocean floor is poorly known, with most areas mapped only at low resolution using satellite-based measurements. Ship-based sonars provide data at resolution sufficient to quantify seafloor features related to the active processes of erosion, sediment flow, volcanism, and faulting. To date, these data have been c...

A new era of ocean exploration brings with it a challenge to take the next step, making the discoveries available to a wider audience. Mapmakers, artists and collectors were on board the voyages of discovery of the eighteenth century, and the resulting atlases and exhibits captured the public's imagination, laid the foundation for scientific inquir...

The 3D seismic imaging experiment conducted in 2008 from the RV Marcus G. Langseth encompassed several 2D MCS lines obtained in 1985 prior to the series of eruptions that occurred on the ridge in 1991 and then in 2005/06. Both data sets show distinct and variable images of the axial magma chamber (AMC) and comparison of the two data sets can give i...

Development and operation of digital data collections are needed across all areas of the earth and ocean sciences to ensure access and preservation of data sets collected in support of earth and ocean sciences in order to maximize the return on research investments, while enabling verification of research results and contributing to new science ini...

A wide range of plate boundary data sets compiled over the years has been augmented more recently by data collected through the 1999-2010 NSF MARGINS program and through the on-going Ridge 2000 program. GeoMapApp (http://www.geomapapp.org), a free, map-based data discovery and visualisation tool has been developed as part of the MARGINS and Ridge 2...

The availability of user-friendly, effective cyber-information resources for accessing and manipulating geoscience data has grown rapidly in recent years. Based at Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory the MGDS group has developed a number of free tools that have wide application across the geosciences for both educators and researchers. A simple web pa...

We present traveltime tomographic models along closely spaced (~250 m), strike-parallel profiles that flank the axis of the East Pacific Rise at 9°41' - 9°57' N. The data were collected during a 3D (multi-streamer) multichannel seismic (MCS) survey of the ridge. Four 6-km long hydrophone streamers were towed by the ship along three along-axis sail...

Detailed observations and fine-scale sampling of the northern East Pacific Rise (EPR) in the magmatically robust region around 9°50'N during the past 20 years, coupled with a recent eruption and 3D multichannel seismic studies in the region provide a unique opportunity to determine the relationships between recent magmatism and crustal structure. I...

The seismic structure of uppermost crust evolves after crustal formation with precipitation of alteration minerals during ridge-flank hydrothermal circulation. However, key parameters of crustal evolution including depth extent and rates of change in crustal properties, and factors contributing to this evolution remain poorly understood. Here, long...

GeoMapApp (http://www.geomapapp.org) and Virtual Ocean (http://www.virtualocean.org/) are free data exploration and visualisation tools that work on any computer and have wide application across the geosciences for both research and education. As map-based interactive tools, they allow users to plot, manipulate and represent data in an intuitive ge...

We use long off-set (6 km) multichannel seismic reflection data to obtain the P-wave seismic structure of the upper ~2 km of the crust along the southern part of the intermediate-spreading Juan de Fuca Ridge (Cleft segment). Along this segment, the top of the Axial Magma Chamber (AMC) deepens from south to north from about 2.0 km at the southern en...

NSF-supported oceanographic research expeditions support diverse scientific investigations across all disciplines of ocean sciences, targeting important questions ranging from the impacts of global change on ocean chemistry and ecosystems, to the structure and dynamics of ocean circulation and the nature of volcanic and earthquake processes at the...

Seismic reflections from axial magma chambers (AMCs) are commonly observed along many mid-ocean ridges, and are thought to arise from the negative impedance contrast between a solid, high-velocity lid and the underlying low-velocity, partially molten sill. The polarity of the AMC reflection (PAMCP) at vertical incidence is often used as a diagnosti...

In the summer of 2008 a large 3D multi-channel seismic dataset (expedition MGL0812) was collected over the 9°50'N Integrated Study Site at the East Pacific Rise, providing insight into the architecture of the magmatic system and its relationship with hydrothermal activity and volcanic/dyking events associated with the 2005-06 eruption. The main are...

Achieving an integrated, holistic understanding of global mid-ocean ridge (MOR) processes through the Ridge 2000 Program relies heavily on the sharing of data across disciplinary boundaries. Although most Ridge 2000 research has been focused on three Integrated Study Sites (ISSs), data from throughout the global mid-ocean ridge (MOR) system will al...

The 2008 multi-streamer 3D seismic reflection experiment conducted aboard the R/V Marcus Langseth at the RIDGE-2000 East Pacific Rise Integrated Study Site reveals prominent near-axis crustal reflectors on both the east and west flanks of the ridge crest which are interpreted as off-axis melt lenses (OAML) injected at mid-crustal levels. These OAML...

We present tomographic models for closely spaced (~200 m) multichannel seismic (MCS) profiles collected in 2008 along the axis of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) at 9°41' - 9°57' N during cruise MGL0812. The investigated profiles target the locations of documented hydrothermal venting as well as the area where layer 2A is believed to thin north of 9°52...

The NSF MARGINS program, a decade-long multi-disciplinary investigation covering major scientific questions in the evolution of continental margins (http://www.margins-nsf.org), has produced a number of key results that are changing our view of these complex systems. Whilst it will be some time before these key findings are incorporated in next-gen...

The NSF-funded Rolling Deck to Repository (R2R) project envisions the academic research fleet as an integrated global observing system, with routine ``underway'' sensor data flowing directly from research vessels to a central shore-side repository. It is a complex endeavor involving many stakeholders - technicians at sea, data managers on shore, sh...

The EPR 9°50’N and Endeavour ridge segments were originally selected for focused investigation under the Ridge2000 program as contrasting fast spreading magmatic (EPR) and intermediate spreading tectonic (Endeavour) ridge systems. Recent studies reveal structural similarities on both a regional and local scale that indicate a common framework for t...

Axial and ridge flank depths on the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) systematically increase for 2500 km from 90°E to 120°E approaching the Australian-Antarctic Discordance. The SEIR also experiences an abrupt change in ridge axis morphology near 103°30′E with axial highs found to the west and axial valleys to the east. Since the spreading rate is con...

The U.S. R/V Marcus G. Langseth (operated by the Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University) sailed in late June 2008 from Manzanillo, Mexico, to the 9°50′N area of the East Pacific Rise (EPR), a site of vigorous hydrothermal venting (Figure 1). The cruise, MGL0812, the first research deployment of the Langseth's advanced three‐dimensi...

The oceanic crust extends over two-thirds of the Earth's solid surface, and is generated along mid-ocean ridges from melts derived from the upwelling mantle. The upper and middle crust are constructed by dyking and sea-floor eruptions originating from magma accumulated in mid-crustal lenses at the spreading axis, but the style of accretion of the l...

Multichannel seismic observations provide the first direct images of crustal scale normal faults within the Juan de Fuca plate system and indicate that brittle deformation extends up to ~ 200 km seaward of the Cascadia trench. Within the sedimentary layering steeply dipping faults are identified by stratigraphic offsets, with maximum throws of 110...

Seafloor bathymetric data acquired with modern swath echo sounders provide coverage for only a small fraction of the global seabed yet are of high value for studies of the dynamic processes of seafloor volcanism, tectonics, mass wasting, and sediment transport that create and shape the undersea landscape. A new method for compilation of global seaf...

Recent discoveries point to a tsunami event in the New York metropolitan area approximately 2300 BP. Our discovery of impact ejecta deposited by the tsunami in the Hudson River suggests that the tsunami was caused by an impact in the Atlantic Ocean.

It is widely recognized that major events such as tsunamis have significant effects on coastal systems over short timescales. While many of these systems show a recovery to the pre-event dynamic equilibrium, it is less well known how often such a recovery does not occur. Recent studies document a widespread reorganization occurring in the New York...

Relational databases containing geospatially referenced data enable the construction of robust data access pathways that can be customized to suit the needs of a diverse user community. Web-based search capabilities driven by radio buttons and pull-down menus can be generated on-the-fly leveraging the power of the relational database and providing...

The Marine Geoscience Data System Media Bank (http://media.marine-geo.org) was constructed to enable the sharing of high quality images, illustrations and animations among members of the science community and to provide a new forum for education and public outreach (EPO). The initial focus of Media Bank was to serve Ridge 2000 research and EPO effo...

Between June 29th and August 19th 2008 the research vessel Marcus G Langseth carried out its first multi- streamer 3D seismic reflection imaging cruise, MGL08-12, by conducting a program research on the East Pacific Rise centered around 9°50'N. The primary goals were to create an accurate 3D seismic reflection image of the magmatic-hydrothermal sys...

The potential to explore and understand our world has forever changed since the appearance of the NASA World Wind and Google Earth virtual globes. Now, in the duration of a single breath, we can zoom from the planetary scale of an orbiting spacecraft down to a roadside outcrop and expose layers of information with different and rich contents. But h...

Variations in axial topography and crustal structure are observed along the Juan de Fuca (JdF) Ridge which may reflect spatial variations in mantle melt supply and delivery to the crust along with temporal changes possibly linked to interaction with nearby off-axis melt anomalies and small hotspots. Here we analyze gravity and multi-channel seismic...

Broadening the experience of undergraduates can be achieved by enabling free, unrestricted and convenient access to real scientific data. With funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS) (http://www.marine-geo.org/) serves as the integrated data portal for various NSF-funded projects and provides free...

The first multi-streamer 3D seismic reflection experiment conducted aboard the R/V Marcus Langseth was carried out in July-August 2008 at the RIDGE-2000 Integrated Studies Site at the East Pacific Rise between 9°37'N and 9°57'N. One of the major findings of this cruise is the presence of at least three regions with prominent near-axis crustal refle...

The recent 3D multi-streamer seismic reflection imaging experiment carried out on the East Pacific Rise at 9°50'N (R/V Langseth MGL0812) encompassed the region in which single and two-ship 2D multi- channel seismic data were acquired in 1985 (R/V Conrad). These two phases of seismic data acquisition therefore span the time of known volcanic eruptio...

The first multi-source and multi-streamer 3D seismic reflection experiment carried out using academic resources was done aboard the R/V Marcus G. Langseth in Summer 2008 during cruise MGL0812. The targeted area was the RIDGE-2000 Integrated Studies Site at the East Pacific Rise. Our primary 3D survey grid extends from about 9° 57'N to 9° 42'N, with...

The Ridge 2000 (R2K) program is transitioning toward an increased emphasis on integration and synthesis of data acquired on multi-disciplinary expeditions focused on understanding the geo-biological processes associated with hydrothermal systems on mid-ocean ridges (MORs). This phase of the program will focus not only on the compilation of existing...

Oceanic impacts are a growing source of concern for the scientific community. Though the Earth is ~70 percent covered with water, and logic would therefore dictate that ~70 percent of impacts occur in the oceans, scientific investigations have focused on continental events. This is in part due to the difficulties inherent in examining submarine imp...

With funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS) (http://www.marine-geo.org/) is developing GeoMapApp (http://www.geomapapp.org) - a computer application that provides wide-ranging map-based visualization and manipulation options for interdisciplinary geosciences research and education. The novelty co...

Although magmatic accretion along mid-ocean ridges is thought to occur primarily within a narrow zone centered at the ridge crest, there is increasing amount of evidence that crustal construction also occurs along the ridge flanks a few kilometers away from the axis. The relative contribution of this off-axis magmatism is not well constrained nor u...

In summer 2008, we collected the first multi-streamer 3D seismic reflection dataset of the new national seismic imaging facility, the R/V Marcus G. Langseth, during cruise MGL0812. Our survey included a primary 3D grid extending from 9°57 to 9°42 centered on the EPR ISS "bulls eye" site at 9°50' and 3 parallel along axis lines extending from ~10°05...

Four seafloor benchmarks were deployed with ROV Jason2 at frequently visited areas along the northern East Pacific Rise (NEPR) ridge crest near 9°50′N, within the Ridge2000 EPR integrated study site (ISS) bull's eye. When used in concert with established deep-ocean acoustic positioning techniques, these benchmarks provide navigational infrastructur...

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 9 (2008): Q09006, doi:10.1029/2008GC002085. Recent P wave velocity compilations of the oceanic crust indicate...

Multichannel seismic and bathymetric data from the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JDFR) provide constraints on axial and ridge flank structure for the past 4-8 Ma within three spreading corridors crossing Cleft, Northern Symmetric, and Endeavour segments. Along-axis data reveal south-to-north gradients in seafloor relief and presence and depth of the crustal...

Ultrahigh-resolution bathymetric maps (25 cm grid) are used to quantify the physical dimensions of and spatial relationships between tectonic, volcanic, and hydrothermal features at six hydrothermal vent fields in the Lau back-arc basin. Supplemented with near-bottom photos, and nested within regional DSL-120A side-scan sonar data, these maps provi...

In July-August 2008 the first 3D academic multi-streamer seismic survey was carried out aboard R/V Langseth, focusing on the 9°50'N Integrated Study Site (ISS) at the East Pacific Rise. Preliminary results from 2D processing of along-axis and across-axis grid lines provide insight into the architecture of the magmatic system at the ISS and its rela...

With funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, the Antarctic Multibeam Bathymetry Synthesis (AMBS, http://www.marine-geo.org/antarctic/) is an integrated web-accessible bathymetry and geophysical database for the Southern Ocean and Antarctica, serving data from the US research vessels Nathaniel B. Palmer and Lauren...

Topographic maps provide a backdrop for research in nearly every earth science discipline. There is particular demand for bathymetry data in the ocean basins, where existing coverage is sparse. Ships and submersibles worldwide are rapidly acquiring large volumes of new data with modern swath mapping systems. The science community is best served by...

We are performing 2-D travel time tomography using data from long (150-300 km) multi-channel seismic lines, collected in 2002 across the Endeavor and Cleft segments of the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR), to examine upper crustal evolution along the ridge flanks. 1-D velocity models have previously been computed at ~3 km intervals on super CMP gathers an...

We present high-resolution bathymetric maps of six hydrothermal vent fields located along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center and Valu Fa Ridge in the Lau backarc basin. Generated with near-bottom SM2000 multibeam sonar data collected with ROV Jason 2, these maps provide sufficient detail to quantify tectonic, volcanic, and hydrothermal features that...

Web-based digital databases are being developed by a number of academic and governmental groups to improve the ability of researchers and students to access geoscience data in a convenient and user-friendly manner. With funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS) (http://www.marine-geo.org/) serves as...

Observations of crustal structure along the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR) reveal influence of on-axis hotspots and absolute motion of the spreading ridge on axial melt distribution. Multi-channel reflection seismic and bathymetric data are used to constrain axial structure and spreading history for past 4-8 Ma within 3 spreading corridors crossing Clef...

Due to the increasing demand for clean water, recreation areas, and healthy ecosystems the management of watersheds has become an issue of increasing importance. This demand has increased the need for detailed inventories of the present state of watersheds and the understanding of related processes. In 1996, the New York State Department of Environ...

Author Posting. © The authors, 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): B02401, doi:10.1029/2005JB004210. Multichannel seismic reflection data collected in...

Recent observations of ridge bathymetry suggest magmatic segmentation at fast- and intermediate-spreading centers is linked to the migration of the spreading axis over the mantle. At fast- and intermediate-spreading centers, Carbotte et al. (2004) observed that leading segments, those that are offset in the direction of ridge migration, are typical...

Recent advances in underwater vehicle navigation and sonar technology now permit detailed mapping of complex seafloor bathymetry found at mid-ocean ridge crests. Imagenex 881 (675 kHz) scanning sonar data collected during low-altitude (∼5 m) surveys conducted with DSV Alvin were used to produce submeter resolution bathymetric maps of five hydrother...

New, high-resolution bathymetry for the East Pacific Rise between 8°N and 12°N was collected over a 6 km wide swath centered on the ridge axis using the 30 kHz Simrad EM300 multibeam system. The coverage area corresponds latitudinally to the designated Ridge2000 Integrated Studies Site (ISS) for fast spreading ridges. The EM300 data, gridded at 30...

Seismic observations of crustal structure along the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR) indicate that the axial rift topography reflects magma-induced deformation rather than alternating phases of magmatism and tectonic extension as previously proposed. Contrary to predictions of the episodic models, crustal magma bodies are imaged in multi-channel seismic r...

With funding from the Office of Polar Programs of the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Antarctic Multibeam Bathymetry Synthesis (AMBS, http://www.marine-geo.org/antarctic/) is an integrated web-accessible bathymetry and geophysical database for the Southern Ocean and Antarctica, serving data from the US research vessels Nathaniel B. Palmer and...

High-resolution seismic data and sediment cores reveal the late Holocene subsurface stratigraphy of the broad Tappan Zee–Piermont region of the Hudson River Estuary. We identify a series of distinct, extensive horizons beneath the marginal flats, channel banks, and main channel in this area. Physical properties and lithology from sediment cores sug...

The Hudson River Benthic Mapping Project, funded by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, resulted in a comprehensive data set consisting of high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, sidescan sonar, and sub-bottom data, as well as over 400 sediment cores and 600 grab samples. This detailed data set made it possible to study the r...