Susanna Mohr

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• Dr. rer. nat.
• Researcher at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

On March 28, 2025 at 6:20 a.m. UTC, a major earthquake with the magnitude 7.7 occurred near the capital city of Sagaing, Myanmar, at a depth of 10 kilometers. The earthquake was felt across much of Myanmar and in neighboring Bangladesh, India, China, and Thailand. It is estimated that up to 222.4 million people experienced the earthquake. While mos...

Europe frequently experiences a wide range of extreme events and natural hazards, including heatwaves, extreme precipitation, droughts, cold spells, windstorms, and storm surges. Many of these events do not occur as single extreme events but rather show a multivariate character, known as compound events. We investigate the interactions between extr...

Based on lightning measurements in western and central Europe from 2001 to 2021 (May–August), a grid-based climatology and trend analysis of thunderstorm activity has been developed. The results indicate a significant decrease in thunderstorm activity in many regions. Extending the analysis beyond a purely grid-based approach, areas with spatio-tem...

Die zweite Maihälfte 2024 war in Mitteleuropa sehr niederschlagsreich. Bereits vom 14. bis 16. führten ergiebige Regenfälle in Teilen Südwestdeutschlands zu Überschwemmungen und Hochwasser. Zum Monatsende verursachten Rekordniederschläge in Süd- und Westbayern sowie im östlichen Baden-Württemberg großflächige Überschwemmungen, insbesondere entlang...

ClimXtreme Bericht zur Hochwasserlage Dezember 23 / Januar 24

Mitte April 2024 löste ein Höhentrog, der über die Arabische Halbinsel langsam ostwärts schwenkte, intensive Regenfälle aus. In den Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten, im Norden des Oman sowie im Süden des Iran entlang der Küste des Persischen Golfs gingen gebietsweise mehrere 100 mm Regen nieder. Die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate verzeichneten mit e...

The 2024 Noto earthquake in Japan, with a magnitude of 7.5 Mw, occurred on 1 January 2024 at 16:10 local time - seven kilometers north-northwest of the coast of Suzu. The strongest intensity was observed on the Noto Peninsula near the epicenter and towards the Sea of Japan; the quake was felt throughout Japan, including the Tokyo area. A USGS lands...

Von Ende August bis Mitte September 2023 zeichnete sich der Mittelmeerraum durch intensive Tiefdrucktätigkeit aus. Bereits das Tief „Erwin“ führte vom 28. bis zum 30. August in Norditalien zu extremen Niederschlägen, Erdrutschen und Überschwemmungen. Triest verzeichnete innerhalb von nur zwei Stunden Regenmengen von 100 mm, von der Lombardei bis Tr...

The European continent is regularly affected by a wide range of extreme events and natural hazards including heatwaves, extreme precipitation, droughts, cold spells, windstorms, and storm surges. Many of these events do not occur as single extreme events, but rather show a multivariate character, the so-called compound events. Within the scope of t...

Der Frühsommer und Sommer des Jahres 2023 zeichneten sich durch eine Reihe von unterschiedlich langen und intensiven Hitzeperioden aus, die zum Teil gleichzeitig in verschiedenen Regionen der Nordhemisphäre auftraten. Mancherorts wurden bisherige Temperatur-Allzeitrekorde geradezu deutlich überschritten, woanders konnten neue Tages- oder Monatsreko...

Heavy precipitation over western Germany and neighboring countries in July 2021 led to widespread floods, with the Ahr and Erft river catchments being particularly affected. Following the event characterization and process analysis in Part 1, here we put the 2021 event in the historical context regarding precipitation and discharge records and in t...

Am 6. Februar 2023 ereigneten sich zwei folgenschwere Erdbeben in der Türkei und Syrien. Die höchsten Intensitäten wurden entlang eines etwa 200 km langen Abschnitts der Ostanatolischen Verwerfung zwischen Malatya und Iskenderun beobachtet (Mw7.8), sowie entlang einer zweiten Störung südlich von Elbistan (Mw7.5). Basierend auf Beobachtungen (Vielza...

The July 2021 flood in central Europe was one of the five costliest disasters in Europe in the last half century, with an estimated total damage of EUR 32 billion. The aim of this study is to analyze and assess the flood within an interdisciplinary approach along its entire process chain: the synoptic setting of the atmospheric pressure fields, the...

Extreme precipitation is a weather phenomenon with tremendous damaging potential for property and human life. As the intensity and frequency of such events is projected to increase in a warming climate, there is an urgent need to advance the existing knowledge on extreme precipitation processes, statistics and impacts across scales. To this end, a...

The Neckar Valley and the Swabian Jura in southwest Germany comprise a hotspot for severe convective storms, causing tens of millions of euros in damage each year. Possible reasons for the high frequency of thunderstorms and the associated event chain across compartments were investigated in detail during the hydro-meteorological field campaign Swa...

Weather radars are the most powerful remote sensing tools for indirect hail detection. In particular, hail detection algorithms using volumetric (3D) radar reflectivity provide reliable estimates of hail on the ground (Allen et al., 2020). We present an update of an existing hail climatology for Germany (Schmidberger, 2018) by incorporating recent...

Heavy precipitation over western Germany and neighboring countries in July 2021 led to widespread floods, with the Ahr and Erft river catchments being particularly affected. Following the event characterization and process analysis in Part 1, here we put the 2021 event in the historical context regarding precipitation and discharge records, and in...

An earthquake measuring magnitude 6.2 occurred on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border at 01:24 local time on June 22, 2022 (at 20:54 UTC on June 21, 2022). Mainly Paktika and Khost provinces and parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan were affected. At least 1000 people were killed, over 3500 people were injured, and at least 25,000 were left homeless.

The July 2021 flood in central Europe was one of the five costliest natural disasters in Europe in the last half century with estimated total damage of EUR 32 billion. This study investigates the complex interactions between meteorological, hydrological, and hydro-morphological processes and mechanisms that led to the exceptional flood. Furthermore...

Around three months ago (Jan. 2022), parts of South Africa were already the place of repeated and in some cases extreme rainfall, which led to major flooding and claimed several lives. The Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces in particular suffered major damage. In April 2022, areas near the coast of KwaZulu-Natal province were again hit by hea...

Extreme precipitation is a weather phenomenon with tremendous damaging potential for property and human life. As the intensity and frequency of such events is projected to increase in a warming climate, there is an urgent need to advance the existing knowledge on extreme precipitation processes, statistics and impacts across scales. To this end, a...

Over a period of about a week, a series of powerful low-pressure systems swept across northwestern Europe and northern Central Europe. The wind fields of the very intense low pressure systems particularly affected the south of Ireland and England, northern Belgium, the Netherlands, the northern half of Germany, and the southwestern Baltic Sea regio...

Während in Südafrika die Gebiete ganz im Süden des Landes im Sommer kaum oder nur wenig Niederschlag empfangen – in Kapstadt herrscht beispielsweise ein Mittelmeerklima mit überwiegendem Winterregen – ging es in anderen Landesteilen überaus regenreich zu. Konvektiv durchsetzte Niederschlagsgebiete brachten wiederholt zum Teil extreme Regenmengen un...

The volcanic eruption in the South Pacific (Tonga Islands) in mid-January 2022 was the world's strongest since the eruption of Pinatubo. Hunga Tonga is a large undersea volcano about 70 km North-West from Tongatapu (Southwest Pacific). The volcano is formed by 2 small islands, Hunga Tonga and Hunga Ha'apai, have been connected by recent eruptions i...

Eine für Oktober ungewöhnlich rege Tiefdrucktätigkeit ereignete sich zu Beginn der dritten Monatsdekade auf dem nordöstlichen Pazifik. Mehrere kräftige Tiefdruckgebiete griffen mit ihren Frontensystemen weit nach Süden aus und sorgten insbesondere in den zentralen und nördlichen Landesteilen von Kalifornien für ergiebige Regenfälle, in höheren Lage...

Der erste Sturm der Herbst- und Wintersaison 2021/2022 überquerte am 21. Oktober mit seinem Sturmfeld Mitteleuropa und beeinflusste insbesondere die zentralen Landesteile Deutschlands. Selbst im Flachland traten vereinzelt Orkanböen auf, wie zum Beispiel in Dresden-Klotzsche mit 119 km/h; die stärkste Windbö verzeichnete die Station auf dem Gipfel...

Ergänzungen zum „Bericht Nr. 1 Nordrhein-Westfalen & Rheinland-Pfalz“ Schäfer, A., Mühr, B., Daniell, J., Ehret, U., Ehmele, F., Küpfer, K., Brand, j., Wisotzky, C. Skap-ski, J., Rentz, L., Mohr, S., Kunz, M. (2021): CEDIM Forensic Disaster Analysis „Hochwasser Mitteleuropa, Juni 2021 (Deutschland)“ Report Nr. 1, Center for Disaster Managementand...

On July 13 and 14, 2021, huge rainfall amounts of 100 to 150 mm occurred over western Germany as well as in parts of Belgium and Luxembourg. Most of the precipitation fell within 15 to 18 hours. The two federal states North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate were particularly affected (Figure 2). As a result, the gauge on the Ahr River (Alte...

Nach einem ungewöhnlich kräftigen Transport von Staub aus der Sahara begann in der ersten Dekade des Monats Februar 2021 ein zumindest in Teilen Deutschlands extrem kalter Witterungsabschnitt. Er dauert in der Mitte und im Osten des Landes etwa 10 Tage lang an, nach Süden und Westen hin verlor die Kälte allerdings deutlich an Intensität und Andauer...

Hailstorms are dangerous and costly phenomena that are expected to change in response to a warming climate. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge of climate change effects on hailstorms. As a result of anthropogenic warming, it is generally anticipated that low-level moisture and convective instability will increase, raising hailstorm like...

Nach einem winterlichen Witterungsabschnitt, der mit gebietsweise ergiebigen Schneefällen einherging, setzte sich im südlichen Mitteleuropa gegen Ende des Monats Januar 2021 regenreiches und mildes Wetter durch. Eingebettet in eine kräftige westliche Strömung transportierten mehrere Tiefdruckgebiete feuchte und sehr milde Luftmassen heran. Bis in H...

From 10 to 12 June 2019, severe thunderstorms affected large parts of Germany. Hail larger than golf ball size caused considerable damage, especially in the Munich area where losses amount to EUR 1 billion. This event thus ranks among the ten most expensive hail events in Europe in the last 40 years. Atmospheric blocking in combination with a moist...

The Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology (CEDIM) is an interdisciplinary research institution in the field of risk assessment and disaster management. This report provides an overview of the research work and activities of CEDIM from 2017 to 2020 at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).

Over 3 weeks in May and June 2018, an exceptionally large number of thunderstorms hit vast parts of western and central Europe, causing precipitation accumulations of up to 80 mm within 1 h and several flash floods. This study examines the conditions and processes that made this particular thunderstorm episode exceptional, with a particular focus o...

Around 26 000 severe convective storm tracks between 2005 and 2014 have been estimated from 2D radar reflectivity for parts of Europe, including Germany, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg. This event set was further combined with eyewitness reports, environmental conditions, and synoptic-scale fronts based on the ERA-Interim (ECMWF Reanalysis) reanal...

Since 1990, natural hazards have led to over 1.6 million fatalities globally, and economic losses are estimated at an average of around USD 260–310 billion per year. The scientific and policy communities recognise the need to reduce these risks. As a result, the last decade has seen a rapid development of global models for assessing risk from natur...

Innerhalb von nur 10 Tagen ereigneten sich in einer bestens ausgeprägten Frontalzone auf dem Nordatlantik mehrere extreme Tiefdruckentwicklungen. Der Kerndruck dieser Orkantiefs wies zum Teil Werte in Rekordnähe auf, auch die Druckfalltendenzen erreichten extreme Werte. Die Sturmfelder erfassten nicht nur den gesamten Nordwesten Eurpoas, auch in Mi...

Über gut zwei Tage andauernder Regen, der sich vereinzelt zu mehr als 200 mm summierte, führte vor allem im Süden Deutschlands zu rasch anschwellenden Bächen und Flüssen. Viele von ihnen führten Hochwasser. An etlichen Flüssen in Rheinland-Pfalz, dem Saarland, in Baden-Württemberg und Bayern traten Hochwasser mit einer Wiederkehrperiode zwischen 2...

Earthquake, Doganyol, Turkey, 24 January 2019 Intensities reached VIII on the MMI scale – very well built structures received slight damage. Older buildings suffered great damage. There was also limited liquefaction. The damage seen corresponds to VIII and perhaps very isolated VIII-IX locations on the MMI scale. The rapid loss estimation of CEDI...

Abstract. Over three weeks in May and June 2018, an exceptionally large number of thunderstorms hit vast parts of western and central Europe, causing precipitation of up to 80 mm and several flash floods. During this time, the large-scale atmospheric circulation, which was characterized by a blocking situation over northern Europe, influenced atmos...

Abstract. Around 26 000 severe convective storm tracks between 2005 and 2014 have been estimated from 2D radar reflectivity for parts of Europe, including Germany, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg. This event-set was further combined with eyewitness reports, convection-related parameters from ERA-Interim reanalysis and synoptic-scale fronts based on...

Abstract. Since 1990, natural hazards have led to over 1.6 million fatalities globally, and economic losses are estimated at an average of around $260–310 billion per year. The scientific and policy community recognise the need to reduce these risks. As a result, the last decade has seen a rapid development of global models for assessing risk from...

In November 2019 Venice experienced the second largest flood since 1872. The world-famous St. Mark's Square was more than one meter high under water and also St. Mark's Cathedral badly suffered from the flood. During the autumn and winter months, flood events frequently occur in the lagoon city; however, there has never been a series of four consec...

The driving factors that influence the spatial and annual variability of thunderstorms across Europe are still poorly understood. Due to a lack of long‐term, reliable and consistent information about the occurrence of convective storms, a weather type classification has been developed that estimates thunderstorm probability from a combination of ap...

A statistically significant link is presented between atmospheric blocking located over the eastern North Atlantic and northern Europe and warm‐season thunderstorm activity over western and central Europe. Lightning data from 2001 to 2014 were used to identify thunderstorm days and blocking events were extracted from the ERA‐Interim reanalysis usin...

In dem Zeitraum vom 10. bis 12. Juni 2019 verursachten mehrere Schwergewitter, die mit Hagel, Starkniederschlägen und schweren Sturmböen verbunden waren, im Südosten und Osten Deutschlands erhebliche Schäden an Gebäuden, Fahrzeugen, Infrastruktureinrichtungen und in der Landwirtschaft. Betroffen von großem Hagel mit einem Durchmesser von bis zu 6 c...

Über gut zwei Tage andauernde Niederschläge, die vereinzelt mehr als 200 mm erreichten, vor allem in der Mitte und im Süden Deutschlands zu rasch anschwellenden Bächen und Flüssen. Viele von ihnen Hochwasser und in Osthessen erreichten zwei Pegel an Fuldazuflüssen sogar neue historische Höchststände. An vielen Flüssen in Hessen, Baden-Württemberg u...

Damages to buildings, infrastructure and even human life caused by extreme weather events (EWEs) such as severe storms, storm surges, hail, floods, heat waves or droughts have significantly increased during the last decades. This has happened due to the interaction of several factors such as amplification in assets, in vulnerability of infrastructu...

Over a period of 2 weeks, the long-lived tropical system IDAI hit large parts of South East Africa in the first half of March 2019. In the beginning, it was only the precursors of a tropical cyclone that led to severe flooding in Malawi. A few days later, however, the system passed over the warm waters of the Mozambique Canal and went through all t...

Severe thunderstorms and associated hazardous weather events frequently cause considerable damage to buildings, crops, and automobiles, resulting in large monetary costs in many parts of Europe and the world. Despite the high relevance for questions regarding trends of such events caused by climate change, the role of natural variability and large-...

The vulcano Anak Krakatoa is the successor volcano of the great Krakatoa which erupted in 1883. The volcano is known for its significant growth during the last decades. On Dec. 22nd, 2018, after a probable eruption of the volcano, parts of its South-Western flank slid into the ocean including an unknown underwater volume. This landslide triggered a...

With FLORENCE, the sixth tropical system of the Atlantic hurricane season 2018 was named and became the third hurricane of the season and the first major hurricane of at least category 3 in 2018. FLORENCE was an unusally long-living storm and become a category 4 hurricane on 5 September 2018 and once again on 10 September 2018. Inbetween there was...

In mid-September, the world's strongest tropical system of 2018 so far, hit the northern main island of the Philippines, Luzon, and southern China. Super Typhoon Mangkhut fell ashore on Luzon on 14 September 2018 causing landslides and flooding and claimed many lives. Mangkhut was the first typhoon of the highest category since typhoon Megi in 2010...

Schwere Hagelstürme können innerhalb von nur wenigen Minuten erhebliche Schäden in Milliardenhöhe an Gebäuden, landwirtschaftlichen Kulturen oder Fahrzeugen verursachen. Hagel entsteht in Gewitterwolken aus der Interaktion verschiedener Prozesse auf unterschiedlichen Raum- und Zeitskalen. Diese reichen von wolkenmikrophysikalischen Vorgängen im Nan...

Über Monate hinweg dominierte über Europa ein großräumiges Strömungsmuster, das sich in beständigem Hochdruck vor allem über dem Norden des Kontinents äußerte und sich trotz einiger Variationen den Frühling und Sommer über in seinen Grundzügen immer wieder regenerierte. Bei einer solchen blockierenden Großwetterlage finden atlantische Tiefdruckgebi...

Due to a lack of long-term, reliable, and consistent information about the occurrence of severe convective storms (SCS) in Europe – especially those connected with hail events – we have developed a methodology that enables to indirectly estimate thunderstorm and hail probability from numerical weather prediction or climate models. One approach is r...

Damages to buildings, infrastructure and even human life caused by extreme weather events have significantly increased during the last decades. This has happened due to the interaction of several factors such as increases in assets, increases in vulnerability of infrastructure and people, or changes in patterns and the frequency of extreme events....

Extreme weather events (EWEs) such as severe storms, storm surges, hail, floods, heat waves or droughts represent substantial hazards and dangers for the population, buildings and infrastructure. Although research in the natural sciences recently started to investigate the causes of extreme weather conditions and their relation with climate change,...

Severe convective gusts lead to wind conditions that differ from those of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flows. Main differences are high velocities at ground level and transient flow conditions. Their interaction with inner-city areas has only rarely been examined and is the aim of the present work. In the experimental study the convective gusts...

At the end of July 2013, a series of severe thunderstorms associated with heavy rainfall, severe wind gusts and large hail affected parts of Germany. On 28 July 2013, two supercells formed almost simultaneously in southern Germany, from which only the more southerly cell produced hailstones up to 10 cm in diameter on a hailswath approximately 120 k...

Am 18. Januar 2018, am selben Wochentag und Datum wie Orkan "Kyrill" im Jahr 2007, fegte Orkan "Friederike" über einen breiten Streifen von Benelux über Deutschland nach Polen hinweg. Dabei erreichten die Böen Orkanstärke bis ins Flachland (138 km/h in Gera), auf dem Brocken im Harz wurde mit 204 km/h die deutschlandweite Rekordböe während "Kyrill"...

In the first half of September 2017, Hurricane "Irma" caused in the Caribbean and the US serious damage of over 50 billion US dollars. It hit the Leeward Islands, where individual were almost completely destroyed. In the US, there were historic floodings in the Jacksonville region and severe damage due to gale-force winds throughout the state of Fl...

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Summary: - $10 billion + represents the worst storm of all time across the Caribbean surpassing inflation-adjusted David - Major damage in dependencies of the US, UK, French and Dutch dependencies. - longest Cat 5 storm of all time across the Atlantic-Jose is on the way and expected to track through Anguilla and Barbuda causing additional damage....

Konvektive Fallböen, also starke Fallwinde, führen zu Windverhältnissen in Bodennähe, die stark von denen in einer atmosphärischen Grenzschicht abweichen. Die Wechselwirkung einer solchen Strömung mit einer komplexen Bebauungsstruktur wurde bisher nicht untersucht und ist ein Ziel des aktuellen Forschungsprojektes ConWinG. Hierzu wurden experimente...

On 26 August 2017 Hurricane "Harvey" reached a minimum core pressure of 938 hPa and makes landfall as a category 4 cyclone with medium winds up to 215 km / h and peak winds to 260 km/h at 03:00 UTC near Rockport in the US state of Texas Country. This means the strongest landfall of a hurricane in the USA since Charley on 13.08.2004, which brought t...

Due to the small-scale and non-stationary nature of the convective wind gusts usually associated with thunderstorms, there is a considerable lack of knowledge regarding their characteristics and statistics. In an effort to remedy this situation, we investigated in this study a set of 110 climate stations of the German Weather Service between 1992 a...

Convectively-driven strong winds usually associated with thunderstorms frequently cause substantial damage to buildings and other structures in many parts of the world. Decisive for the high damage potential are the short-term wind speed maxima with duration of a few seconds, termed as gusts. Several studies have shown that convectively-driven gust...

Due to the small-scale and non-stationary nature of the convective wind gusts usually associated with thunderstorms, there is a considerable lack of knowledge regarding their characteristics and statistics. In an effort to remedy this situation, we investigated in this study a set of 110 climate stations of the German Weather Service between 1992 a...

During a 15-day episode from 26 May to 9 June 2016, Germany was affected by an exceptionally large number of severe thunderstorms. Heavy rainfall, related flash floods and creek flooding, hail, and tornadoes caused substantial losses running into billions of euros (EUR). This paper analyzes the key features of the severe thunderstorm episode using...

Niederschlag kann in flüssiger Form als Niesel oder Regen oder in gefrorener, fester Form als Graupel, Hagel oder Schnee fallen. Durch die globale Erwärmung intensiviert sich der Wasserkreislauf, was zu einer Veränderung der Niederschlagsmuster führt. Außerdem ist zu erwarten, dass sich im Zuge des Klimawandels auch die Häufigkeit bestimmter Wetter...

Starke konvektive Fallböen führen zu Windverhältnissen, die stark von denen einer atmo-sphärischen Grenzschicht abweichen. Hauptunterschiede sind das Geschwindigkeitsprofil mit hohen Geschwindigkeiten in Bodennähe und eine hohe Instationarität. Diese und andere Eigenschaften, sowie die Auswirkungen auf einzelne, freistehende Gebäude wurden und werd...

Severe thunderstorms and associated hazardous weather events such as hail frequently cause considerable damage to buildings, crops, and automobiles, resulting in large monetary costs in many parts of Europe and the world. To relate single extreme hail events to the historic context and to estimate their return periods and possible trends related to...

Extreme konvektive Starkwindereignisse sind häufig mit erheblichen Schäden an vulnerablen Strukturen wie Gebäuden, Infrastruktureinrichtungen oder Waldbeständen verbunden. Diese Starkwindereignisse haben ihre Ursache in dem Kaltluftausfluss lokalskaliger konvektiver Wettersysteme, die insbesondere in den Sommermonaten in Deutschland verhältnismäßig...

Due to the local-scale nature of hail and a lack of appropriate observation systems, comprehensive, reliable and consistent information about hail frequency and intensity in Europe is not available. To overcome this constraint, we developed a logistic hail model that quantifies the potential of the atmosphere to form hailstorms. The model is based...

This study investigates to what extent the frequency of hail events in the summer months has changed during the past decades and which changes are expected to occur in the future. To improve the diagnostics of hail events by considering various factors relevant for the formation of hail, a logistic hail model has been developed by means of a multiv...

This study investigates whether any evidence can be found to support the occurrence of alterations in the hailstorm frequency in the last few decades (1978–2009) over Germany and Europe. Due to their local-scale extent and a lack of appropriate monitoring systems, hailstorms are not captured reliably and comprehensively over long periods by current...

The present study investigates whether any evidence suggests an increase in the intensity or probability of thunder- and hailstorms over the last few decades in Germany and Europe. Using data from various regional climate models, is estimated what changes in the hail potential can be expected in the future due to global warming. In der vorliegend...

Severe thunderstorms and associated extreme events such as hail represent a substantial hazard potential for buildings, crops, and critical infrastructure. In the last decades, damage caused by severe hailstorms has increased significantly in Central Europe. In southwest Germany, more than 40% of all damage to buildings by natural hazards is associ...

Severe thunderstorms and associated extreme events such as hail represent a substantial hazard potential for buildings, crops, and critical infrastructure. In the last decades, damage caused by severe hailstorms has significantly increased in Central Europe. In the southwest of Germany, more than 40% of all damage to buildings by natural hazards is...

Frequency and intensity of gust wind speeds associated with severe mid-latitude winter storms are estimated by applying extreme value statistics to data sets from regional climate models (RCM). Maximum wind speeds related to probability are calculated with the classical peaks over threshold method, where a statistical distribution function is fitte...