Susan Snyman

African Leadership University · School of Wildlife Conservation

The success of protected areas depends to a large degree on the support of local communities living in and around these areas. Research has shown that where communities receive tangible and/or intangible benefits, from protected areas they are often more supportive of conservation. Rwanda introduced a tourism revenue sharing policy in 2005 to ensur...

The interrelated global crises of biodiversity loss, climate change, disease, and war are all caused and experienced by humankind. As nations plan for the future, the way in which these crises are addressed will have lasting impacts on the quality and health of people and the environment. More than ever, integrated landscape planning is required to...

The case study provides an overview of the state of the wildlife economy in Uganda, including sections on tourism, hunting, wildlife ranching, forest products and carbon. It also looks at opportunities and challenges in terms of unlocking the potential of the wildlife economy in Uganda.

The wildlife economy offers a key growth opportunity for Africa given the comparative advantage of the wildlife economy in the African context as local livelihoods and macro-economies are heavily tied to, and reliant on, wildlife and other natural resources. Given the importance of the wildlife economy to future sustainable growth and development i...

An overview of the state of the wildlife economy in South Africa, including information on tourism, hunting, fishing, carbon and other activities.

An overview of the state of the wildlife economy in Kenya, including information on tourism, hunting, fishing, carbon and other activities.

An overview of the state of the wildlife economy in Ghana, including information on tourism, hunting, fishing, carbon and other activities.

Tourism in protected areas not only plays an essential role in terms of contributing to the financial sustainability of protected areas but through effective and efficient benefit-sharing can positively impact numerous stakeholders within and beyond the protected area. This paper provides a brief analysis of the evolution of benefit-sharing from pr...

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has too often been implemented as symbolic alternatives to direct regulations. As a result, CSR 1.0 has often failed to generate meaningful real-life changes. This case study examines a private sector ecotourism company, Wilderness Safaris, and how measures recently implemented are suitable to deliver radically...

Tourism in Africa's protected and conserved areas involves partnerships and interactions between numerous stakeholders such as governments, communities, NGOs, the private sector and academics. Through the use of 32 comprehensive case studies from 11 African countries, this book presents guidelines to ensure optimal benefits for stakeholders as we...

This book deals with private sector tourism in conservation areas in sub-Saharan Africa and the various potential partnership models involving different combinations of stakeholders. The focus of this book is on accommodation, and the finance and operation of lodges in sub-Saharan Africa. The volume presents examples of partnership models all invol...

This book deals with private sector tourism in conservation areas in sub-Saharan Africa and the various potential partnership models involving different combinations of stakeholders. The focus of this book is on accommodation, and the finance and operation of lodges in sub-Saharan Africa. The volume presents examples of partnership models all invol...

This book deals with private sector tourism in conservation areas in sub-Saharan Africa and the various potential partnership models involving different combinations of stakeholders. The focus of this book is on accommodation, and the finance and operation of lodges in sub-Saharan Africa. The volume presents examples of partnership models all invol...

This book deals with private sector tourism in conservation areas in sub-Saharan Africa and the various potential partnership models involving different combinations of stakeholders. The focus of this book is on accommodation, and the finance and operation of lodges in sub-Saharan Africa. The volume presents examples of partnership models all invol...

This book deals with private sector tourism in conservation areas in sub-Saharan Africa and the various potential partnership models involving different combinations of stakeholders. The focus of this book is on accommodation, and the finance and operation of lodges in sub-Saharan Africa. The volume presents examples of partnership models all invol...

This book deals with private sector tourism in conservation areas in sub-Saharan Africa and the various potential partnership models involving different combinations of stakeholders. The focus of this book is on accommodation, and the finance and operation of lodges in sub-Saharan Africa. The volume presents examples of partnership models all invol...

This book deals with private sector tourism in conservation areas in sub-Saharan Africa and the various potential partnership models involving different combinations of stakeholders. The focus of this book is on accommodation, and the finance and operation of lodges in sub-Saharan Africa. The volume presents examples of partnership models all invol...

Tourism is frequently put forward as a means to promote conservation and development. Numerous studies focus on tourists’ and tourism industry spending, but very few have looked at tourism staff spending. This paper examines spending patterns of 385 tourism staff in six southern African countries. The analysis includes understanding how much staff...

A prerequisite for the sustainability of protected areas in Africa is the meaningful inclusion of local populations in conservation and tourism. This has been demonstrated in numerous destinations where communities receive benefits from tourism in terrestrial protected areas, they are more inclined to view it positively and conserve natural resourc...

Protected areas (PAs) are one way of conserving biodiversity, and ecosystem services and human well-being and are now recognized as an integral part of sustainable development strategies. Over the past four decades there has been a ten-fold increase in the number of protected areas globally. Increasingly however, park management agencies do not hav...

The guidelines on tourism partnerships and concessions for protected areas developed were in response to an under-utilized potential of protected areas to utilise tourism as a means to contribute towards the financial sustainability of protected areas and to recent decisions of the CBD on tourism, which invite Parties to “. . . build the capacity o...

Ecotourism is frequently put forward as a potential solution for local development and biodiversity conservation in developing countries. Numerous researchers have looked at the various impacts of ecotourism on development and on conservation. There are, however, few studies looking at the role of stakeholders and the impact they are having on loca...

The evolution of tourism destinations is influenced by a range of factors including the policy and planning framework, the role of destination management organisations, and integration of tourism into the local and national economy. The aim of this paper is to describe how the private sector can influence destination development, by considering a l...

Tourism has become an increasingly complex phenomenon, with political, economic, social, cultural, educational, biophysical, ecological and aesthetic dimensions. In order for tourism to be sustainable it must bring direct, as well as indirect, benefits to host communities. The aim is to provide an important means and motivation for communities to c...

Community-based natural resource management is frequently proposed as a solution to poverty in rural Africa. The extent of Namibia's CBNRM programme's success in terms of joint ventures between the private sector and communities has not been comprehensively analysed. Tangible benefits from joint venture partnerships play an important role in develo...

The majority of Africa is characterised by high levels of poverty, high population densities and limited economic development. Botswana is, however, different in having the highest gross domestic product per capita in Africa, relatively low population densities and high levels of socio-economic development. Inequality, however, remains high. A comm...

In southern Africa, many early conservation efforts from the late 1800s and early 1900s either displaced local communities or restricted their access to natural resources. This naturally affected community attitudes towards protected areas and efforts were later made to rectify growing tensions. In the last few decades of the 20th century, these ef...

Rural African communities are largely characterised by high levels of unemployment and poverty, low skills levels and a heavy reliance on natural resources. Increasing populations, together with the impacts of climate change, are putting pressure on natural resources and the issue of sustainable land use is becoming critically important. Ecotourism...

Rural Malawi is largely characterised by high levels of poverty, unemployment and high population densities. It is also seen as the ‘warm heart of Africa’, which, together with its abundant natural resources, makes it an excellent destination for international ecotourists. This paper looks at the impact of ecotourism employment on poverty reduction...

Endorsed by The International Ecotourism Society, Sustainable Tourism & The Millennium Development Goals: Effecting Positive Change demonstrates how ecotourism and sustainable tourism can assist in supporting and meeting the goals set forward by the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and how it can foster a global partnership for development. The t...

Many rural areas of Africa are characterised by high levels of unemployment, poverty and increasing population densities. Arid climates and erratic rainfall also make many of these areas marginal for agriculture and offer few alternative employment opportunities. Ecotourism in these areas can offer a sustainable land use option that promotes biodiv...

High-end ecotourism operations in African protected areas often claim to share the benefits of ecotourism with surrounding rural communities through employment as well as “trickle down” effects of revenues that result from such operations. The receipt of benefits from ecotourism is also claimed to promote an appreciation of biological diversity and...

Increasing populations, together with the impact of climate change, are resulting in greater competition for land and a necessity for sustainable land use. Tourism can provide a flow of benefits from conservation to rural communities to reduce poverty and promote biodiversity conservation. Three key mechanisms of sustainable tourism to reduce pover...