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68
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Introduction
Dr. Surender Singh is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai. His research interests include Pavement Material Characterization, Sustainable Concrete Pavements, Recycled Aggregates, Construction of Concrete Pavements etc.
Additional affiliations
May 2013 - June 2015
Publications
Publications (68)
Poor affinity of asphalt toward mortar paste has been testified as the primary reason for reducing the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP)–inclusive concrete properties, although the effect of dust present in RAP aggregates due to extraction of RAP using demolition techniques has not been investigated so far. The present paper discusses the effect of...
In this study, the feasibility of coarse (RC) and fine (RF) reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) inclusive concrete for sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid environments is assessed. Moreover, the efficacy of mineral admixtures such as silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA) and bagasse ash (BG) in 100% RC mix was investigated. Three sets of conditions were sele...
In the present study, the adverse effect of dust on the properties of concrete containing 75% fine reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) (75F) (obtained using an uncontrolled milling technique) is minimized by using higher doses of superplasticizers (SP) in combination with silica fume (SF), flyash (FA), and bagasse ash (BG). It was found that the 75F m...
The present study investigates the potential of RAP for various layers of flexible and concrete pavements. Natural aggregates were replaced in different proportions by the coarse RAP and fine RAP, for preparations of granular subbase, wet mix Macadam, dry lean concrete, dense bituminous Macadam and Plain concrete mixes. Utilisation of both fraction...
The compaction parameters suggested for the Superpave gyratory compactor by ASTM C1800 are primarily derived from the asphalt mix (ASTM D6925). Since the rheological behavior of RCCP is significantly different from asphalt mixes, conventional Superpave compaction parameters cannot be directly adopted for RCCP. Hence, the current study focuses on fo...
Coconut fibres have recently been used in numerous civil engineering applications, mostly in pavement structures as geotextiles. However, their performance is usually lower than the elements made with synthetic fibres, primarily due to their inherent variable characteristics, which mostly depend on the maturity level and pre-processing of the fibre...
The main objective of this article is to study the role of the widely adopted crushing techniques, viz., impact and compression, on
the physical, chemical, and morphological properties of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA). Five fundamental parameters of RCA, viz., hydrated cement-mortar paste (HCMP) concentration, specific density and absorption,...
In this investigation, four types of sands as alternatives to river sand, namely, crushed sand (CS), marine sand, fine recycled concrete aggregate (FRCA), and fine reclaimed asphalt pavement (FRAP), were studied for their potential for cement-concrete pavement applications. Initially, the physicochemical and morphological characteristics of these s...
Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements (RCCP) are mostly designed by soil-compaction technique. However, the shortcomings associated with the soil-compaction method warrant a scientific way of designing RCCP mixtures based on the paste volume requirements considering the compactness and morphology of aggregates. To evaluate the optimum binder ratio (r...
Utilization of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as an alternative aggregate for Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement (RCCP) can help to alleviate the demand for pristine aggregate (PA). However, the adhered mortar (AM) micro-cracks and weak interfacial transition zone (ITZ) need to be addressed/improved to enhance the performance of RCCP. In the pre...
This paper describes the potential of using thermomechanically-beneficiated recycled aggregates to replace pristine (natural) aggregates in concrete. The recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) were produced by heating waste concrete chunks at 500ºC and scrubbing in a ball mill. Concretes were made by replacing pristine aggregates with the RCA at differ...
With the aim to explore the potential contributions of discarded coconut fibers (DCF) as reinforcement in concrete the hardened properties of coir concrete of similar slump, with different fiber lengths and dosages are analysed in this paper, including compressive strength and stiffness, flexural response, and mainly the resistance to impact loadin...
Natural fibres (coir) have been preferred over their counterparts on account of lower cost, renewability, and accessibility of supply. Generally, Coir fibre, having a length greater than 50 mm is considered for various civil engineering applications and the shorter ones are typically discarded/incinerated. The use of these Discarded Coir Fibres (DC...
Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP) is widely preferred conventional concrete pavements for highways; however, the higher initial construction cost and extended time for traffic opening limit their applicability. Recent advancements like Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement (RCCP) could address the above concerns of JPCP. Yet, there is a lack of k...
Previous studies have indicated that roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) may demonstrate significant variations in field behavior compared to laboratory specimens. This discrepancy can be attributed to the dissimilarities in compaction efforts between laboratory and field conditions, wherein the laboratory efforts fail to emulate the field co...
The present study deals with the fresh state behavior of paving concrete containing discarded coconut coir fibres (DCF). Owing to lower density and hydrophilicity, dispersion of DCF could be a challenging issue and therefore, two approaches are studied for uniformly distributing the DCF in concrete viz. end-stage mixing and intermediate-stage mixin...
Despite numerous advantages, there are a few challenges associated with the designing & fabrication of Roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) specimens ─ compaction mechanisms employed in the RCCP mix proportioning, specimen fabrication, and actual pavement construction are different in principle, leading to significant disparity between the fie...
Extraction of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) from construction and demolition waste is an effective way to induce sustainability in the highway sector. However, inclusions of these inferior materials could significantly deteriorate the performance of paving quality concrete (PQC) due to the presence of old adhered mortar (AM) around the RCA. Nu...
There is a worldwide shortage of fine aggregates/sand, and recycled concrete aggregates could be an alternate source to meet the demand. However, the main problem associated with the fine recycled concrete aggregate (FRCA) is the high amount of low-density porous adhered cement paste. This, along with the presence of finer particles (<300 µm), coul...
In the past decade, increasing attention has been given to paving the roads with concrete mixtures due to their numerous advantages over bituminous roads. Further benefits could be expected by incorporating recycled-concrete aggregates from demolition waste (DRCA) in concrete pavements. In the present study, life cycle assessment (LCA) is used as a...
The disparity in the compaction mechanism associated with optimum moisture content determination &specimen fabrication process in the laboratory and actual pavement construction leads to eitherunderestimation or overestimation of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements (RCCP) performance.Hence, in this investigation, different techniques to design RCCP...
Roller-compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) is considered superior to other pavement types with reference to cost, ease of construction, and performance. However, the aggregate demand is significantly higher in RCCP than in conventional concrete pavement. It is predicted that natural minable limestone sources would be exhausted in India in the next 3...
The utilization of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as an
alternative aggregate for Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements (RCCP) can
help to alleviate the demand for pristine aggregate (PA). However, the microcracks in the adhered mortar (AM), as well as the interfacial transition zone
(ITZ), need to be addressed/improved to enhance the grain-to-g...
The substantial increase in infrastructure development and
associated dumping of construction and demolition (C&D) waste significantly
influences the ecology and environment in terms of landfills problem and
exploitation of natural resources. These negative effects can be alleviated by
recycling the aggregate from C&D waste and utilizing the sa...
Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements (RCCP) are mostly designed by soil compaction
technique owing to its simplicity. However, numerous drawbacks are also associated with this
technique; important ones are user dependency, involvement of several laboratory trials, and changes
in aggregates morphology under impact loading, eventually changing the...
Compaction plays a pivotal role in the formation of the aggregate skeleton of concrete mixtures, especially for stiff mixes such as Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC). RCC is compacted in the field with combinations of different energies (kneading/shear, impact, static & vibratory pressure), whereas various compactors are used, viz. modified Proctor (...
Lack of understanding of the compaction mechanism, both in the laboratory and field, could result
in significant under/overestimation of the RCCP performance. The literature (1987-2022) depicts that there are numerous techniques to design the RCCP in the laboratory; however, which methods could closely simulate the field compaction is not fully ex...
The use of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) from construction and demolition (C&D) waste is a rational way towards better sustainability in the construction industry. By using concentrated solar energy for the heating, thermomechanical beneficiation of concrete waste has been shown here to produce high-quality RCA. In this pioneering study, demoli...
Incorporation of alternative binders, produced from industrial and agricultural wastes, in blended cement-based materials can lower cement consumption and reduce the carbon footprint. In addition, its inclusion can provide a filler effect, promote secondary hydration and reduce the heat of hydration, thus, improving the strength and durability of c...
The generation of construction and demolition (C&D) waste has been increasing progressively for the last many decades due to numerous civil engineering activities; therefore, encapsulation of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) from C&D waste in Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement (RCCP) could pave the way for economic and sustainable construction pra...
Geo-reinforcement is one of the most important utilities whose primary function is to mechanically enhance the strength of soil specifically engineered for the construction of geo-structures. Utilizing polymer-based geosynthetic reinforcement for various applications in pavements has been successfully used for the past few decades. However, with th...
Although Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements (RCCP) have been considered as prominence among its counterparts, it has not been widely used due to numerous reasons; most dominant attributions are variability in the mixture proportioning methods and material selection considering its distinct behavior than conventional concrete mixes. Therefore, the...
Rapid road infrastructure developments in recent years have led to a depletion of conventional road construction materials owing to its excessive exploitation. As a result, government agencies across the globe are compelled to opt for alternative road construction aggregates. In lieu of above, incorporations of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) aggr...
The strength gain mechanism in RCCP, especially at initial days (aggregates inter-locking), is different from its counterparts and thus, requires accurate proportioning of aggregates with good workability properties. In this study, the various fundamental parameters of RCCP mix design viz. aggregate gradation, vebe consistency, water-cement ratio (...
In the last few decades, much attention has been given to Roller-Compacted Concrete Pavement (RCCP) technology for highway applications due to its numerous advantages over other conventional paving materials; lower life-cycle cost, lesser shrinkage, early opening to traffic, and reduction in the urban heat island are the main benefits associated wi...
In order to move towards a circular economy, it is relevant to maximize the usage of waste materials in construction activities. One such resource that could be extracted from abundant waste are Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA). Many methods have been proposed in the last few decades to improve the quality of RCA, with limitations in terms of ene...
In the past decade, increasing attention has been given to paving the roads with concrete mixtures due to their numerous advantages over bituminous roads. Further benefits could be expected by incorporating demolition waste recycled concrete aggregates (DRCA) in concrete pavements. Since DRCA generally exhibits inferior characteristics compared to...
Hardened state behaviour of two grades (normal- and medium-strength) of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) pavement mixes containing varying proportions of Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCAs) as an alternative aggregate is reported in this paper. These two SCC grades were designed by varying the proportions of fly ash, silica fume and metakaolin in bin...
Recycling of flexible pavement leads to the accumulation of an enormous quantity of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) aggregates which are generally dumped legally/illegally in the nearby vicinities causing several challenges to the agencies. Utilization of these aggregates in cement concrete pavements seem to be a novelistic approach and could faci...
Reclaimed Asphalt pavement (RAP) is a C&D waste originating from the reclamation of asphalt pavement which has completed its service life. Using RAP would potentially reduce reliance on primary aggregates and lowers the environmental impact of construction. The present study is an attempt made to utilize RAP judiciously as a bound base course of th...
Mechanical foaming of bitumen is a popular technique employed to reduce the viscosity of binder for ensuring coating of aggregates at lower temperature. The potential of this technique is being utilized widely for producing sustainable reclaimed-asphalt pavement (RAP) inclusive mixtures, but usage of recycled concrete-aggregates (RCA) in foamed tec...
Efforts have been made in the recent past to enhance the strength properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) concrete via inclusions of supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), but only some of the durability problems could be rectified. In this study, an attempt is made to improve the performance of a roller compacted concrete pavement (RCC...
Owing to heavy toxic metal concentration such as copper, lead, zinc, sulfur, cadmium, and chromium, jarosite particles from the zinc industry are considered a hazardous waste material. Proper and safe disposal or converting this hazardous waste into nonhazardous material is vitally important. This study investigated the potential of utilizing jaros...
In the present study, the feasibility of coarse reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for dry lean concrete (DLC) and pavement quality concrete (PQC) mixes is assessed through laboratory and field investigation. Two kinds of RAP aggregates, namely RAP1 and RAP2 obtained from two differently aged pavements (10 and 20 years) were used for the present inve...
Utilisation of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates in concrete mixes generally results in strength reductions owing to asphalt-cohesion failure. Therefore, the present investigation is an effort to improve the RAP inclusive roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) properties by incorporating supplementary cementitious mineral admixtures (S...
Rapid road infrastructure developments in recent years have led to a depletion of conventional road construction materials owing to its excessive exploitation. As a result, government agencies across the globe are compelled to opt for al- ternative road construction aggregates. In lieu of above, incorporations of re- claimed asphalt pavement (RAP)...
The present study evaluates the potential and suitability of different fractions of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) mixes. Natural coarse and fine aggregates were replaced, partially and in combination, by coarse RAP, fine RAP, and combined RAP for preparation of RCCP mixes. The considered properties t...
This paper is an attempt to enhance the long-term performance of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) inclusive dense bituminous macadam (DBM) mixes, in post ageing condition, via inclusions of a Warm Mix Additive. Two sources of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) with two inclusion proportions (35% and 70%) were considered. The effect of inclusions of b...
Scarcity of natural aggregates and illegal dumping of wastes originating from roads and industries are the major challenges for a developing country. The present study is an effort to provide a sustainable solution to the aforementioned challenges by utilizing these wastes for production of subbase course of concrete pavements. In the study, the op...
The present study investigates the optimum fraction of RAP (coarse, fine & total) along with its optimum proportion (50% & 100%) for Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement (RCCP) mixes, based upon various fresh, mechanical and durability properties. The considered properties were optimum moisture content, fresh density, compressive strength, flexural s...
The present investigation promotes the usage of RAP for developing countries like India where hot mix asphalt is still the most popular and utilized technology. Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) mixes were prepared with different proportions (50% & 100%) of coarse RAP (C), fine RAP (F) and total RAP (T) obtained from two different sources separately. T...
In the present study, the potential of supplementary cementitious materials such as silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA), and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBG) for enhancing the durability properties of pavement quality concrete (PQC) mixes containing 75 % fine reclaimed asphalt pavement (75RAP) is assessed. Different physical and durability properties such a...
In the present study, the suitability of coarse (C) and fine (F) RAP aggregates extracted from two flexible pavements (OLD (O) & NEW (N)) having different service (20 yrs. & 2½ yrs.) and stockpiling life (8 months & 0 months) for productions of Dry Lean Concrete (DLC) and bituminous mixtures is assessed. For the same, a total of 15 DLC mixes were c...
This study deals with improvement in the properties of ABTRAP (Beneficiated RAP aggregates by Abrasion & Attrition technique) inclusive concrete by incorporating mineral admixtures such as Silica Fume (SF), Fly ash (FA) and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA). 6 mixes were prepared by partially replacing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by SF (5% &10%), FA...
The present study investigates the potential of waste originating from road sector (RAP) and agricultural industry (Sugarcane Bagasse Ash) for production of concrete mixes. 5 mixes were prepared by partial replacing natural aggregates by coarse RAP (CRAP) and fine RAP (FRAP) in the proportions of 50% and 100%. 3 subsequent mixes were prepared by in...
The presence of dust, asphalt film and agglomerated particles is considered to be the primary reason for reducing the properties of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)-inclusive concrete. A surface treatment method Abrasion and Attrition (AB&AT) was employed for removing these contaminants. Gaps were identified from the available literatures and effor...
The presence of asphalt film around Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) aggregates has been reported as the main factor lowering the properties of RAP inclusive concrete. A novel Abrasion and Attrition (AB&AT) technique to improve the quality of RAP by removing the contaminant layers of dust and punching the asphalt film adhering to RAP aggregates is...
Construction and demolition waste along with waste obtained from reconstruction or resurfacing of pavements produces enormous amount of aggregates. Studies show that, Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) aggregates, can be efficiently utilised as aggregates in lieu of primary aggregates for constructions of rigid...
In the scenario where there is an immense scarcity of natural aggregates and lack of funds, an eco-friendly innovative alternative is utilisation of recycled aggregates. India has currently decided to adopt rigid pavement as the default mode of construction. Hence the need to replace flexible pavements, disposal concerns, scarcity of natural aggreg...
The thickness of rigid pavement slab depends upon various factors like subgrade strength, type and thickness of subbase, type of shoulders and slab characteristics etc. This paper describes the effect of the same on pavement slab thickness of Agra Ring Road toll plaza by designing as per IRC:58-2015. Even though the subgrade CBR was varied (2% to 1...