Sultan Suleman

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Verified

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• PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Professor at Jimma University

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that a significant portion of the global population relies on traditional herbal medicine (THM) due to limited access to safe and high-quality modern medical care. In developing countries, it is difficult to guarantee the safety and quality of THM due to weak enforcement of the legal and regula...

Medicine quality can be influenced by environmental factors. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with tropical climates, storage facilities of medicines in healthcare settings and homes may be suboptimal. However, knowledge of the effects of temperature and other climatic and environmental factors on the quality of medicines is limited. A b...

Background Pharmaceuticals are expected to improve human and animal health, but improper management and regulation have led to adverse effects such as reproductive disorders, antibiotic resistance, and biodiversity loss in ecosystems. Their presence in the environment poses significant risks, including a reduction in biodiversity, reproductive issu...

Background The incidence of hypertension in persons 25 years of age and older is estimated to be 46% in Africa, where it is still very common. This concerning rate could be explained by the pharmaceutical markets’ accessibility to poor quality antihypertensive drugs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the quality different...

Background The problem of medicine expiration presents a notable obstacle, resulting in considerable financial losses. Nevertheless, there is currently limited data indicating that certain medications do not experience a significant decrease in effectiveness after their expiration date. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the physico-chem...

This study aimed to retrospectively assess the cost-effectiveness of various COVID-19 vaccination strategies in Ethiopia. It involved healthcare workers (HCWs) and community participants; and was conducted through interviews and serological tests. Local SARS-CoV-2 variants and seroprevalence rates, as well as national COVID-19 reports and vaccinati...

Introduction The concurrent occurrence of infectious diseases (IDs) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) presents complex healthcare challenges in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where healthcare systems often grapple with limited resources. While an integrated care approach has been advocated to address these complex challenges, there is a recognised ga...

The current technologies for substandard and counterfeit drug detection are either too expensive for low-resource settings or only provide qualitative or semi-quantitative results. GPHF minilab™ is one of them based on thin layer chromatography(TLC) principles with a semi-quantitative capability by visual observation of the spot area and intensity...

Background: Approximately 80% of the Ethiopian population predominantly depends on herbal medicines (HMs) for their primary healthcare needs. Nevertheless, worries regarding the safety, efficacy, and standard of herbal-based treatments have been escalating due to the lack of strong regulatory frameworks. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the pre...

Introduction: Medicine plays a crucial role in the field of healthcare as a therapeutically significant pharmaceutical product. By effectively preventing diseases, medicine has the power to save countless lives and improve the quality of life for people worldwide. However, despite hospitals' efforts to provide medical care to patients, a significan...

Background Globally, millions of people have been affected by fraudulent pharmaceutical products, particularly those in developing countries. Although the problem of falsified and substandard drugs is acknowledged, the extent of the issue is ever-changing, has a dynamic nature, and should be quantified and captured in a recent snapshot. Objective...

Background Asymptomatic malaria transmission has become a public health concern across malaria-endemic Africa including Ethiopia. Specifically, Plasmodium vivax is more efficient at transmitting earlier in the infection and at lower densities than Plasmodium falciparum. Consequently, a greater proportion of individuals infected with P. vivax can tr...

Objective. To describe the development, implementation, and initial outcomes of a pharmaceutical care training-of-trainers course developed to assist Ethiopian pharmacy faculty members and graduate students in the development of curriculum and provision of pharmaceutical care services of relevance to this low-income country. Design. In this collabo...

School-age children (SAC) are at a higher risk of geohelminth or soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections due to their practice of walking and playing barefoot, lack of adequate sanitary facilities, and poor personal hygiene. In Ethiopia, periodic deworming has been implemented since 2013 with the aim of interrupting the transmission of STH in ch...

Background The efficacy, quality and safety of traditional medicine used by the Ethiopian population may be questionable. The strict regulation is crucial to protect the public from unsafe and inefficacious traditional medicine. Objective The primary aim of the study was to assess the legal framework and its practical implementation status for the...

Outdoor biting, outdoor resting, and early evening biting of Anopheles arabiensis is a challenge in current malaria control and elimination efforts in Africa. Zooprophylaxis using livestock treated with macrocyclic lactones is a novel approach to control zoophilic vectors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics and i...

Abstract Background The magnitude of expired medicines in supply chains are increasing globally due to lack of strict control of the supply chain, poor storage management and oversupply of medicines. This situation is very serious in resource-poor countries, including Ethiopia, where the supply of medicines is limited. Therefore, this study aimed t...

Background Ethical reasoning and sensitivity are always important in public health, but it is especially important in the sensitive and complex area of public health emergency preparedness. Here, we explored the ethical challenges, and dilemmas encountered by frontline health workers amid the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in Ethiopia....

Custom allele discrimination assays were used to genotype DNA samples for 5 known CYP2D15 nonsynonymous variants (Ile109Val, Leu115Phe, Ser186Gly, Ile250Phe, Ile307Val). Results:-LogMR values ranged from 2.99 to 1.35. Frequency distribution histogram plots showed distinct high, intermediate, and low-logMR groups, corresponding to fast, normal, and...

Background Azithromycin is a therapeutically” relevant macrolide antibiotic registered on the Essential Medicines List of the World Health Organization. The fact that medicine is selected as an essential drug doesn’t mean that it is of good quality. Hence, a continuous quality evaluation of the drug should be mandated to verify that the right medic...

Background: Little is known about the burden of acute illness and injury that would be addressed with improved prehospital care in Ethiopia. This study aimed to quantify the burden of emergency conditions that potentially benefited from implementing prehospital care service in Jimma city, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Method: This study is a secondary a...

Background: African nations experience a significant proportion of the global burden of death and disability. Prehospital emergency care provision has shown to reduce excess morbidity and mortality partially. However, access to prehospital care in Africa is still limited, with only 9% of the population having access. This study aimed to assess barr...

Background The emergence and spread of resistant microbes continue to be a major public health concern. Effective treatment alternatives, particularly from traditionally used medicinal plants, are needed. Objective The main objective of this study was to conduct phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity evaluation of selected traditionall...

The tea plant is widely cultivated in southwest Ethiopia. But the impact of seasonal variation on monthly yield, leaf quality, and the long-term yield response potential of clones has not been studied. The objective of the study is to determine the impact of seasonal change and climate variables on the yield and leaf quality of tea plants in southw...

Background Ethiopia has set national targets for eliminating soil-transmitted helminths (STH) as public health problems by 2020 and for breaking their transmission by 2025 using periodic mass treatment of children in endemic areas. However, the status of STH infection among the adults living in the same communities remains unknown. The aim of this...

Background: Artesunate is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for parenteral treatment of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, artesunate is inherently unstable in an aqueous solution and hydrolyses rapidly after its preparation for injection. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the stabilizing effects of phosp...

Background Though there are reports about V. auriculifera antimicrobial activity, there is not enough information about its activity on some bacterial and fungal species. Besides, there was no quantitative evaluation done for phytochemicals previously. Therefore, the main purpose of this research work is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and q...

Pharmaceutical excipients derived from natural sources like resins are nowadays meritoriously used in the formulation of drugs. Resins of natural origin have many advantages over chemically synthesized substances; they are safer, nontoxic, less expensive, biodegradable, and widely available. To our knowledge, resins from plants have been not suffic...

The biochemical constituents and organoleptic characteristics of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze clones are not studied well in Ethiopia. The study aims to evaluate the polyphenols, caffeine, antioxidant content, and cup quality of clones at different nitrogen application rates and identify suitable clones and processes for daily consumable antiox...

Tekassa T, Hasen G, Merga H, Cavin AL, Graz B, Suleman S. Infect Drug Resist. 2022;15:3087-3095. Page 3087, Introduction, line 2, the text “4,50,000” should read “450,000”. Page 3091, Malaria Diagnosis, line 4, the text “(2.2%)” should read “(22.2%)”. The authors apologize for these errors. Read the original article

Background Ethiopia is one of the world’s oldest countries, with a fascinating history of herbal medicine. However, there is a lack of evidence for the regulatory framework for herbal medicines and its implementation. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the policy governing herbal medicines regulation and its implementation in Ethiopia. Me...

Background Artesunate is recommended by the world health organization (WHO) for parenteral treatment of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, artesunate is inherently unstable in an aqueous solution and hydrolyses rapidly after its preparation for injection. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the stabilizing effects of phospha...

Background: With the problems of increasing levels of drug resistance and difficulties to afford and access effective antimalarial drugs in poor and remote areas, herbal medicines could be an important and sustainable source of treatment. Argemone mexicana L. (AM) is a medicinal plant known long ago in several countries for treatment of numerous d...

Quality-by-design (QbD) is de ned as a systematic approach to design and develop a product/service based on sound science and quality risk management. It is already frequently applied in the pharmaceutical industry mainly in the development of pharmaceutical products and analytical methods but is not well established in the setup of facilities like...

Background: Though there are reports about V. auriculifera antimicrobial activity, there is not enough information about its activity on some of the bacterial and fungal species. Besides, there was no quantitative evaluation done for phytochemicals previously. Therefore, the main purpose of this research work is to evaluate the antimicrobial activi...

Background: Though there are reports about V. auriculifera antimicrobial activity, there is not enough information about its activity on some of the bacterial and fungal species. Besides, there was no quantitative evaluation done for phytochemicals previously. Therefore, the main purpose of this research work is to evaluate the antimicrobial activi...

This study aimed to gather and document information on medicinal plants used in Ethiopia using an ethnomedicinal survey. The survey identified 80 species of medicinal plants belonging to 39 botanical families by indigenous people in Gimbo and Didessa districts in the Southwest of Ethiopia for the treatment of 46 illnesses. The majority of medicinal...

Background: African nations experience a significant proportion of the global burden of death and disability. The provision of prehospital emergency care has been shown to partially reduce excess morbidity and mortality. However, access to prehospital care in Africa is still limited. This study sought to identify barriers to access prehospital care...

A fast, accurate and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous quantification of ivermectin (IVER), doramectin (DORA), and moxidectin (MOXI) in bovine plasma. A priority for sample preparation was the eradication of possible infectious diseases to avoid travel...

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), also called hydatid disease (HD) is a parasitic disease caused by larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus and is considered as a food-borne zoonotic, neglected tropical disease (NTD). Backyard slaughtering and inadequate veterinary services are major risk factors for high prevalence of the disease in developing countr...

Background The use of poor quality drugs will have multiple consequences with an extended hazard of growing drug-resistant strains. Purpose The review aimed to provide the quality status of antimalarial drugs in East Africa. Data Source PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from September 5 to September 12, 2021. Study...

Background While the research findings confirm the existence of private drug retail outlets that do not comply with regulatory standards in many low-income countries, there are a lack of reports that evaluate the quality of medicines obtained from these firms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the regulatory compliance of the retails...

Background In Ethiopia, despite the frequent reports that demonstrate the use of herbal medicine for treatment of many ailments, there is no finding that describes the prevalence and associated factors with prehospital use of herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the prevalence of the prehospital use of herbal medicine a...

Background: African nations experience a significant proportion of the global burden of death and disability. The provision of prehospital emergency care has been shown to partially reduce excess morbidity and mortality. However, access to prehospital care in Africa is still limited. This study sought to identify barriers to access prehospital care...

Background: African nations experience a significant proportion of the global burden of death and disability. The provision of prehospital emergency care has been shown to partially reduce excess morbidity and mortality. However, access to prehospital care in Africa is still limited. This study sought to identify barriers to access prehospital care...

Background In most cases, people pay more attention to the microbial quality of drinking water than the quality of water they used to wash hands. This may lead to the occurrence of various foodborne illnesses through the introduction of pathogenic microbes during preparation and serving of food. Objective To determine the effect of microbial quali...

Studies on antibiotic utilization trends are invaluable because they offer data for evaluation of impacts of antimicrobial stewardship policies. Such studies help determine correlations between the use of specific antibiotic classes and trends in emergence of resistance (resistance-epidemiology). This study aims to quantify the consumption systemic...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic disease, and has reached a new dimension with a higher death ratio. Repurposing of known drug molecules against COVID-19 has become an elegant strategy to quickly develop effective therapies. On other hand, herbal medicines have been issued for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Thus,...

Raw milk may contain pathogenic microorganism that can seriously affect the health of consumers. In Southwest Ethiopia, raw cow milk is consumed more than the processed products, but its microbiological quality and its predictors are not studied well. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial quality of raw cow milk and its predictors al...

Background: Persistent postmarket quality evaluation helps produce clear information on the current quality status of the different brands of a given drug and hence introduces a biopharmaceutical and therapeutically equivalent list of the products to the prescribers and users of it. This in turn facilitates access to essential medicines by breakin...

The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is putting a huge strain on healthcare systems and is a turning point for the beginning of a global health crisis of an unprecedented condition. As such, the provision of quality pharmacy services particularly, dispensing practice with pre-existing challenges in resource-limited settings is a grave con...

Background The demand for traditional herbal medicine is increasing and about 85% of the world population use herbal medicines for the prevention and treatment of diseases. More than 62.5% of the forest areas in Ethiopia are found in the southwest region, which have been used as a source of traditional medicine to treat different human and livestoc...

This study performs an environmental risk assessment (ERA) of the anthelmintic medicine albendazole (ABZ) in the eastern African region. A systematic literature search strategy was applied to obtain quantitative information on the physicochemical characteristics, the metabolization-fate, the ecotoxicity and the environmental occurrence in different...

The World Health Organization recommends the use of ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol-based hand sanitizers to control the spread of the COVID 19 pandemic. As a result, a number of temporary guidelines and policies are being claimed among different countries of the world by waiving restrictions on the production of hand sanitizers which allow manu...

Background The pharmaceutical supply chain management system of the Ethiopia had several problems including non-availability, poor storage, weak stock management and irrational use. However, little studies on progress and challenges towards implementation of Integrated Pharmaceuticals Logistics System (IPLS) in the study area. Therefore, this study...

Background Sub-Saharan Africa shares a disproportionately large ratio of the global acute disease burden, however epidemiological data specific to the burden of emergency conditions are lacking. This study aimed to determine the morbidity burden of emergency conditions in Jimma city, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducte...

Background The widespread habit of consumption of raw meat along with poor hygiene during handling, transportation and processing are the major contributors to the high prevalence of food-borne diseases in Ethiopia. Listeriosis is one of the important food-borne diseases acquired through consumption of meat. The aim of this study was to assess the...

Abstract Background Dissolution of artemether (ART) and lumefantrine (LUM) active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in fixed dose combination (FDC) ART/LUM tablets is one of the critical quality attributes. Thus, the verification of the release profile of ART and LUM from FDC ART/LUM tablets using a robust and discriminatory dissolution method is c...

Persistent post market quality evaluation helps produce clear information on the current quality status of the different brands of a given drug and hence introduces biopharmaceutically and therapeutically equivalent list of the products to the prescribers and users of it. This in turn facilitates access to essential medicines by breaking the high c...

Background Malaria is a complex disease and main community health problem in Africa and the top leading cause of outpatient visits, admissions, and deaths in Ethiopia. Its effective management is possible through early diagnosis and immediate treatment employing antimalarials. The quality of these drugs has to be good enough to attain their intende...

Studying the relationship between mental illnesses and their environmental and genetic risk factors in low-income countries holds excellent promises. These studies will improve our understanding of how risk factors identified predominantly in high-income countries also apply to other settings and will identify new, sometimes population-specific ris...

The safety of medicines is an essential part of patient safety. Global drug safety depends on strong national systems that monitor the development and quality of medicines. Poor quality medicines do not meet official standards for strength, quality, purity, packaging and labelling. Hence, this study determines in-vitro quality attributes of glibenc...

Background Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum is among the major public health problems in most endemic areas of the world. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been recommended as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria almost in all endemic regions. Since ineffectively regulated...

Background Pharmaceuticals play a pivotal role in maintaining human health and promoting well-being. However, safety, efficacy, and quality of the drugs should be ascertained to provide a desired pharmacological effect. Aim The aim of the present study was to determine the quality as well as the physicochemical equivalence of nine brands of norflo...

Objective: To evaluate the in vivo antischistosomal activities of the crude extracts of Echinops kebericho Mesfin (E. kebericho) root and Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel (H. abyssinica) flower. Methods: Mice were infected with (150 ± 10) Schistosoma mansoni cercariae by paddling technique. Crude extracts were administered orally for five conse...

BACKGROUND: The emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to antimalarial drugs necessitated the search for new drugs from natural products. Zingiber officinal Roscoe and Echinops Kebericho Mesfin are traditional herbal medicines widely used for the treatment of malaria in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess the toxicity pro...

Background Indoor residual spraying is one of the key vector control interventions for malaria control in Ethiopia. As malaria transmission is seasonal in most parts of Ethiopia, a single round of spraying can usually provide effective protection against malaria, provided the insecticide remains effective over the entire malaria transmission season...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Medicinal plants have always been an integral part of different cultures in Ethiopia in the treatment of different illnesses including malaria and related symptoms. However, due to lack of proper documentation, urbanization, drought, acculturation and deforestation, there is an increased risk of losing this traditio...

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis are major public health problems in Ethiopia. Mass deworming of at-risk population using a single dose administration of 400mg albendazole (ABZ) or 500mg mebendazole (MBZ) for treatment of common intestinal worms and 40mg of praziquantel (PZQ) per kg body weight for treatment of schistosomiasis is...

Nearly 40% of all malaria infection in Ethiopia is caused by Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax). Chloroquine (CQ) is the first line treatment for confirmed P. vivax malaria in the country. However, the efficacy of this drug has been compromised by CQ resistant P. vivax (CRPv) strains. Therefore, the present study was aimed at assessing the therapeutic eff...

Background: Intravenous (IV) medication is an integral component of clinical care for hospitalized patient. Errors associated with IV medication can cause detrimental patient outcome. It affects patient’s life and can increase health care cost. It also involves high risk since it is delivered directly into the patient’s blood stream. As part of qua...

Background The Jimma University in southwestern Ethiopia has a unique health and demographic surveillance system called „Gilgel Gibe Field Research Center” (GGFRC) with a catchment area of about 50.000 people. In this setting, we studied the effect of khat use as risk factor for the development and the stability of psychotic symptoms among young me...

Background: One third of the world population is estimated to be infected with intestinal parasites. The most affected people are children and the poor people living in tropics and subtropics. Polyparasitism (the concurrent infection with multiple intestinal parasite species) is found to be the norm among the same population although accurate esti...

Background Effective and enforceable national regulations describing the manufacture and (re)packaging, export and import, distribution and storage, supply and sale, information and pharmaco-vigilance of medicines are required to consistently ensure optimal patient benefit. Expansion of pharmaceutical industries in many countries with advancement i...

Background: Globally, diabetes mellitus (DM) has risen dramatically over the past two decades and is expected to keep rising for the next 20 years. If uncontrolled it may lead to complications to the patients that could be prevented or delayed. The disease could be diagnosed and monitored by blood glucose and/or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1) testing....

ABSTRACT Background: Initial antibiotic treatment for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Ethiopian settings is invariably empirical and further clinical decision making upon inadequate initial response is not evidence-based. A detailed knowledge of the local susceptibility pattern of the pathogens would ensure a more appropriate and evidence bas...