Suleyman KIZIL

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• PhD
• Professor (Full) at Dicle University

Tunceli garlic ( Allium tuncelianum (Kollmann) Özhatay, B. Mathew and Şiraneci) is an economically important endemic and rare plant species spread among Tunceli, (Hozat, Ovacik, and Pulumur counties), Sivas, and Erzincan provinces in Turkey. The primary goal of the study was to devise ways to induce and improve plant regeneration from Tunceli garli...

Fritillaria imperialis and F. persica are important ornamental and medicinal plant species that grow naturally in large areas of the Middle East, Central, and Western Asia. These are counted as neglected crops and face lack of appropriate agronomic and biotechnological attention in development of propagation technologies. Therefore, the study aimed...

D. stramonium is a wild plant species belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae and grows on the edges of cotton fields, empty lands and roadsides. The plant is one of the most important economic weed plants that contain both toxic and medicinal properties. Studies have shown that the plant contains toxic tropane alkaloids such as atropine, hyo...

The study aimed to determine agronomic characteristics and essential oil components of different basil eco-types in semi-arid climatic conditions of South Eastern Anatolia, Diyarbakir, Turkey. Two-year harvest data about fresh and dry herb yield, dry leaf yield, essential oil content and its components from the plants of year 2015 and 2016 was anal...

Lemon verbena is cultivated mainly due to the lemon-like aroma emitted from its leaves that are utilized for most purposes. The chemical composition of the essential oil of lemon verbena was analyzed by GC/MS in July at pre flowering, in September at full flowering and in end of October at post flowering period. The in vitro antimicrobial activity...

Wild Rose hip (Rosa canina L.) clone samples were collected from Dicle, district of Diyarbakir, and conserved by planting since 2002 in the Department of Field Crops, Agriculture Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. Morphological characteristics of fruits together with mineral contents, oil yield, protein contents, ash and fatty acid cont...

Allium tuncelianum (Tunceli garlic) is a single cloved important threatened endemic geophyte of high commercial importance that grows scattered on hot temperate mountains under oak trees in the eastern Turkish province of Tunceli. Tunceli garlic is used diversely in salads, foods and in pharmaceutical industry. They also offer a rich choice for the...

In vitro regenerated bulblets of Hyacinthus orientalis L., improved their size using MS medium containing different sucrose concentrations. The sucrose concentrations showed higher growth and better development of the bulblets on MS medium stored at 24 °C. Sucrose showed the highest performance rate at 9 % concentration for both small and large bul...

Turkey, with important cultural heritage and rich history and enormous plant diversityhas poor agricultural practices that are making difficult to conserve many of the endemic local plant taxon. The soil conservation practices are not sufficient as the farming practices are more often sowing of soil depleting rather conserving. Allium tuncelianum (...

This study describes germination of Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietswaart seeds followed by micropropagation from stem nodes of 58 days old seedlings that were cultured on MS basal medium containing 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, and 2.0 mg/l BAP with or without 0.5 mg/l NAA cultured at 24ºC ± 1ºC under cool white fluorescent lights with 16 hrs light (42...

Alkaloids, nitrogen containing basic substance, have a complex structure. They are one of the most important groups of secondary metabolites, which is synthesized in roots and transported to other organs. Since alkaloids are nitrogenous compounds, the availability of nitrogen is expected to play an important role in the biosynthesis and accumulatio...

Thymus is represented by 39 species (60 taxa) in Turkey and the rate of its endemism is 45% in Turkey. The herb is widely used for several purposes. Its essential oil compositions and biologically active substances are affected by the phenological stages. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the variations in the essential oil compositio...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sowing time on fatty acid composition of three Virginia-type peanut cultivars developed at Cukurova University.

There are many folkloric uses of Thymbra spicata var. spicata. Very few thyme species are found in semi-arid climatic conditions. T. spicata is one among these which is not under cultivation anywhere. The essential oil of plant possesses high antibacterial and antioxidant properties due to presence of large amounts of phenolic components. The aim o...

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) is an aromatic and medicinal perennial herb native to Southern Europe and temperate regions of Asia. The study aimed to determine the effect of different plant parts harvested at different flowering stages: pre-flowering, full-flowering and post-flowering, in some agronomical characteristics, essential oil yield and...

Antioxidant properties of ethanol extract of Silybum marianum (milk thistle) seeds was investigated. We have also investigated the protein damage activated by oxidative Fenton reaction and its prevention by Silybum marianum seed extract. Antioxidant potential of Silybum marianum seed ethanol extract was measured using diff erent in vitro methods, s...

Hyacinthus genus is an important group of ornamental plants that bear white, yellow, pink, red or purple coloured flowers. It has about 2000 species spread around the world that are grown commercially. Although, plant occurs naturally in Turkey yet efforts have not been made to adapt it for open field cultivation. There is need to transfer and es-t...

Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora H.B.K., Verbenaceae family) is indigenous to South America and cultivated as an aromatic plant in various parts of world. Lemon thyme (Thymus citriodorus L.), Lamiaceae family, is a perennial medicinal plant native to southern Europe and is cultivated in the Mediterranean region. These species are cultivated mainly...

Fritillaria aurea Schott, an Iran-Turan element, is a rare alpine geophyte with spotted brown yellow flowers. The plant is endemic to Turkey with dispersion in the SouthEastern Anatolia region. This study reports in vitro culture of Fritillaria aurea previously collected from the provinces of Adiyaman and Malatya in the SouthEastern Anatolia Region...

The objectives of this research were to investigate the effects of sowing time and cultivar on pod yield, yield components, oil and protein content of peanut crops under irrigated condition in southeastern of Turkey. Three peanut cultivars, Halis Bey, Osmaniye-2005 and Sultan developed by Cukurova University were grown at the experimental area of A...

The objectives of hhıs research were to investigate the effects of sowing time and cultivar on pod yield, yield components, oil and protein content of peanut crops under irrigating condition in the south-east of Turkey. Three peanut cııltivars, Halis Bey. Osmamye-2005 and Sultan developed by çukurova Unıversiıy were grown at the experımental area o...

Alkaloids of diferent plant, including many Solanaceae species, constitute important natural sources for variety of pharmaceutical products. The amounts of various secondary plant products are strongly dependent on the growing conditions and agronomical applications such as planting date, fertilization, irrigation etc. The aim of this was to study...

Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata is grown naturally in semi-arid climatic conditions of Turkey. The seeds of wild populations collected from various regions were cultivated under arid climatic conditions of Diyarbakır in South East Anatolian region of Turkey. Components of hydrodistilled essential oils obtained from air dried aerial parts of T. spic...

The genus Nepeta (Lamiaceae) and Achillea (Asteraceae) are widely distributed in Turkey. In this study, the essential oils of Nepeta italica L. and Achillea filipendulina LAM. collected from Dicle district in Diyarbakir province in the Southeast Anatolia and from Hakkari province in East Anatolia of Turkey, were obtained by hydrodistillation of the...

Fritillaria imperialis L. is an important ornamental plant of economic importance. It can be reproduced both by generative and vegetative means. However, regenerative multiplication of the plant is very difficult due to high seed dormancy. The study aimed to germinate the seeds of F. imperials on MS medium supplemented with combinations of 10-50 g/...

Turkey has rich biodiversity due to its topography comprising of plains, plateaus and mountainous regions that have contributed to enrichment of its flora including bulbous plants. Many among these have potential for use in pharmaceutical and ornamental plant industries. However, owing to lack of proper research many among these plants are yet to b...

Özet Tıbbi aromatik bitkiler çok eskiden beri tedavi ve diğer amaçlar için kullanılmaktadır, Tarih içerisinde tedavide kullanılan bitki sayısı artmıştır. Bugün tıbbi aromatik bitki sayısı 20 ile 72 bin arasında tahmin edilmektedir. Türkiye biyolojik çeşitlilik bakımından zengin ülkeler arasında yer almaktadır. Son verilere göre Türkiye florasında 9...

Recently, researchers have been interested in biologically active compounds isolated from plant species for the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms because of the resistance that microorganisms have built against antibiotics. In this study we have investigated the antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from fennel and sage. The anti...

Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Bitkisinde Farklı Dönemlerde Yapılan Sulama Uygulamalarının Taç Yaprağı Verimi ve Boyarmadde Oranına Etkisi İslam Emrah Süer¹, Süleyman Kızıl²–*, Saliha Kırıcı³ ¹Zirai Mücadele Araştırma İstasyonu Müdürlüğü, 21110 Yenişehir/Diyarbakır ²Dicle Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü, 21280 Diyarbakır ³Çu...

Fritillaria persica L. with large attractive flowers is native to Western Asian countries of the Middle East including Turkey. Wild populations of this species have shown sharp decrease during last few decades due to habitat destruction for number of socio-economical and anthropological reasons. F. persica is propagated through bulbs and seeds. The...

In the present study, seven thyme species Origanum onites, O. vulgare var. hirtum, O. vulgare var. gracile, O. syriacum, Satureja hortensis, Thymbra spicata, and Thymus vulgaris were used. The essential oils of these plants were obtained by the hydrodistillation method. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils against microorganisms, includin...

Over-exploitation of endemic and threatened Tunceli garlic [Allium tuncelianum (Kollman) N. Ozhatay, B. Mathew & Siraneci] for household purposes has threatened the species and requires that a reliable, improved tissue culture protocol be developed for its conservation. Leaf tips, the middle portions of leaves, leaf bases, vertically-sectioned halv...

Over-exploitation of endemic and threatened Tunceli garlic [Allium tuncelianum (Kollman) N. Ozhatay, B. Mathew & Siraneci] for household purposes has threatened the species and requires that a reliable, improved tissue culture protocol be developed for its conservation. Leaf tips, the middle portions of leaves, leaf bases, vertically-sectioned halv...

Attractive golden yellow flowered Sternbergia fischeriana (Herb.) Rupr. multiplies very slow under natural conditions. The study reports multiplication of plants using 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 cm long bulb scale explants with two, three, four, and five scales attached by a thin base plate segment. Any concentration of 2,4-D 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mg...

Bu çalışma, 2008-09 yetiştirme sezonunda Dicle Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü deneme alanlarında farklı ekim zamanlarının dereotu bitkisinin (Anethum graveolens L.) bazı teknolojik özelikleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada kışlık ve yazlık ekimlere ait herba ve meyvelerde mineral madde içeriği ve...

In this research, the essential oil components, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seed oils were investigated. The essential oil components determined by GC/MS instrument. The antimicrobial activity determined by disc diffusion method against the gram negative bacteria, namely Es...

Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietswaart is an endemic species found in the district Maden in Elazığ province of South Eastern Anadolu, Turkey. Germplasm conservation of O. acutidens under field collections could be enhanced positively, if the necessary steps for culture of the plants including holding of the seeds in easily accessible gene banks...

Echinacea, commonly known as coneflower, is a member of the Asteraceae family. The plant is one of the most commonly medicinal plant, is herbaceous perennials with large daisy-like flowers. The roots and aerial parts of Echinacea purpurea is used commercially as herbal plant for enhancing the immune system and treating common cold. This research wa...

St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times, it contains several natural products with noteworthy biological activities. There is no clear information about harvesting time yield and yield components of St. John’s Wort as the plants are collected from wild. Therefore, this research aimed to determ...

Fritillaria imperialis and F.persica are used as ornamental plants. Propagation of these plants instead of gathering them from the nature has been a current issue in Turkey. When speed and multiplication rate are considered, traditional production methods are inadequate. The application of in vitro propagation techniques offers possibility of produ...

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia MILLER) is an important medicinal plant that is known for its excellent aroma and is extensively used in the perfumery, flavour and cosmetic industries. It contains important chemical compounds like linalool and linalyl acetate as the major components in its essential oils1. These components show variations due to m...

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia MILLER) is an important medicinal plant that is known for its excellent aroma and is extensively used in the perfumery, flavour and cosmetic industries. It contains important chemical compounds like linalool and linalyl acetate as the major components in its essential oils1. These components show variations due to m...

The South East and Eastern Anatolian regions of Turkey contain a vast variety of landscapes, including plateaus, range of mountains and flat lands. This variation in habitats, climate and topography has resulted in diversity of vegetation types in the region. Rapid urbanisation, development of tourism industry, unplanned collection of bulbs by amat...

The essential oil of hyssop is widely used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries throughout the world. Therefore, it is very important to know the chemical characteristics of the oil for economic use and enhanced performance of the end products. This study was carried out to determine antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essent...

Dünya pazarlarında tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilere olan talep her geçen gün giderek artmaktadır. Türkiye tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin dış satımında dünyanın önde gelen ülkelerinden biri olup, birçok tıbbi bitkinin dış satımını yaparken, aynı zamanda birçok bitkinin de dış alımını gerçekleştirmektedir. Ülkemiz farklı iklim ve ekolojik koşullara sahip ol...

Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus L.) are two important spice plants of south eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Nutrients, physical properties including moisture, ash, dry matter, protein, fatty oil and essential oil content, along with Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Ni, Pb, Zn and characteristics of fruit sizes and fatty aci...

The essential oil of mint species are widely used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, growing throughout the world. Therefore, it is very important to know the chemical characteristics of the oil for economic use and enhanced performance of the end products. This study was carried out to determine mineral content, essential oil composi...

Thymbra species are abundantly found in the wild, and also Tanacetum densum (Lab.) Schultz Bip. subsp. amani Heywood is an endemic plant of the Southeastern Anatolian, Turkey. Air-dried aerial parts of the plants were submitted to hydrodistillation, for 3 hours, using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Cultivated and wild Thymbra spicata var. spicata, Thm...

A preliminary survey on the medicinal plant diversity in the flora of the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey was made during 2001-2004 years. Plants were collected from 585 to 2056 m altitude. A total of 229 plants belonging to 39 families were recorded and identified. All plants were grouped according to their areas of usage, such as aromatic...

Turkey, hosts a variety of around 11000 plant species including indigenous bulbous plants of importance. There is lack of scientific research regarding their unique pharmacological compounds and cultivation techniques. Flower industry as cut flowers, Indoor, out door and garden plants is becoming more important in modern-day Turkey. There is need t...

Lemon balm has been used for a long time as a pleasant odour medicinal plant. Nowadays, it is cultivated in Mediterranean region, central European and Asia. The study was carried out during 2002-03, 2003- 04 and 2004-05 growing seasons under the ecological conditions of Diyarbakır province. The aim of the study was to determine of appropriate harve...

Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata is naturally found as wild in Southeastern Anatolia, Thrace, Aegean and Mediterranean coastal regions of Turkey. Thymbra (Lamiaceae) is represented in Turkey by four taxa belonging to two species (T. spicata var. spicata and T. spicata var. intricata). T. spicata var. spicata is perennial plant that prefers dry sunny...

The composition of essential oil in plants was affected by genetical and environmental conditions, which is determined by growth region and harvesting time in terms of ontogenetical and diurnal variability. In the present study, aerial parts of Origanum onites were harvested at three different development stages (pre, full and post flowering) and s...

Isatis species are important biennial, herbaceous shrubs represented by 40 taxa, of which 24 are endemic to Turkey. The chemical compounds found in leaves and roots of all Isatis species have medicinal properties and are used for treatment of a wide range of disorders. No study reports seed characteristics, microelement contents and fatty acid comp...

The study reports variation in the essential oil contents of savory plants collected from Diyarbakir and Kahramanmaras provinces of Turkey. Essential oil components of samples determined by GC showed that major components of Diyarbakır origin summer savory were carvacrol (39.8%), thymol (26.1%), -pinene (8.8%), myrcene (8.4%). Kahramanmaraş origin...

Thymbra species are abundantly found in the wild, and also Tanacetum densum (Lab.) Schultz Bip. subsp. amani Heywood is an endemic plant of the Southeastern Anatolian, Turkey. Air-dried aerial parts of the plants were submitted to hydrodistillation, for 3 hours, using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Cultivated and wild Thymbra spicata var. spicata, Thm...

Oregano (Origanum onites L.) a highly valued medicinal plant, is rich in essential oil. The objective of the experiment was to determine the relative importance of planting densities on yield components and essential oil components of O. onites under semi arid rain fed conditions of South East Anatolian Turkey. Plant densities and environmental con...

The study reports determination of appropriate development stage, its effects on herbage yield and essential oil content compositions of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L). The essential oil of summer savory was isolated by steam distillation and analysed by GC-MS. The results indicated that the highest dry leaf yield, fresh and dry herbage yield...

Essential oils are concentrated, hydrophobic liquid containing, volatile aroma compounds from plants, which are called aromatic herbs or aromatic plants. Various essential oils and their monoterpenoid constituents have been widely used as fragrances in cosmetics, as flavouring food additives. and as scenting agents in a variety of household product...

Lemon balm has been used for a long time as a pleasant odour medicinal plant. Nowadays, it is cultivated in Mediterranean region, central European and Asia. The study was carried out during 2002-03, 2003- 04 and 2004-05 growing seasons under the ecological conditions of Diyarbakor province. The aim of the study was to determine of appropriate harve...

Fritillaria imperialis and F. persica were planted during April 2003 and May 2004 growing seasons on the basis of split block design with three replications to investigate the effects of planting dates on various plant parameters and extent of recovery by planting 25% damaged bulbs. The results showed significant effects of planting dates on plant...

The study reports determination of appropriate row distances and its effect on agronomical characteristics and essential oil composition of cumin. The results indicated that the highest yields in terms of seed and essential oil were obtained from 20 and 30 cm row distances. Essential oil content ranged between 2.42 and 3.20 %. p-mentha-1,4-dien-7-a...

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), native to the Caucasus, North Western Iran, Turkish North Eastern Black Sea region, and Southern Anatolia, is a highly valued medicinal plant. The experiment was conducted to find the effect of harvesting at different blooming stages of the plant on fresh and dry herbage yield, dry leaf yield, essential oil content...

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a multipurpose oilseed crop grown mainly for production of high quality edible oil rich in polyunsaturated acids. It is widely grown in semi-arid and arid regions of the world. The present study reports effects of 3 petal collecting times when 50, 75 and 100% flower heads were opened, on dyestuff content, oil...

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a multipurpose oilseed crop grown mainly for production of high quality edible oil rich in polyunsaturated acids. It is widely grown in semi-arid and arid regions of the world. The present study reports effects of 3 petal collecting times when 50, 75 and 100% flower heads were opened, on dyestuff content, oil...

The study reports effects of winter and spring sowings and 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 triple super phosphate (P) application on yield, yield components and fatty acid composition of black cumin during 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 at Diyarbakir, Turkey. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were extracted from the reaction vials with hexane. The GC (g...

This study reports effects of three plant development stages (pre‐flowering, full flowering, and post‐flowering) of Oregano (Origanum onites) on plant height, fresh herbage yield, dry herbage yield, dry leaf yield, essential oil content, and essential oil yield. The results showed that the highest fresh, dry herbage, and dry leaf yield were obtaine...

The study reports determination of appropriate row distances and its effect on agronomical characteristics and essential oil composition of cumin. The results indicated that the highest yields in terms of seed and essential oil were obtained from 20 and 30 cm row distances. Essential oil content ranged between 2.42 and 3.20 %. p-mentha-1,4-dien-7-a...

The study reports the effects of four sowing densities (40 x 10, 40 x 20, 60 x 10 and 60 x 20 cm) on the agronomic characteristics of Isatis tinctoria and I. constricta under the rainfed conditions of South Eastern Anatolia. Wide row spacings of 60 x 10 or 60 x 20 cm were effective in obtaining maximum number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf...

A preliminary survey on the medicinal plant diversity in the flora of the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey was made during 2001-2004 years. Plants were collected from 585 to 2056 m altitude. A total of 229 plants belonging to 39 families were recorded and identified. All plants were grouped according to their areas of usage, such as aromatic...

This study was carried out to determine the effect of moisture content on some physical properties of caper (Capparis ssp.) fruit. Four levels of moisture content ranging from 71.85% to 82.93% w.b. were considered in this study. The fruit length increased from 8.50 to 8.96mm, width from 7.54 to 8.23mm, its thickness from 5.67 to 6.90mm, the geometr...

The study reports determination of dyeing characteristics of spearmint in vegetable dyeing. Totally, 25 dyeings were performed for each of the four dyeing methods used i.e. no mordanting, pre mordanting, mordanting and post mordanting with alum of aluminium, copper-sulphate, zinc-chloride, potassium-bichromate, sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, sod...

Effects of harvest at the beginning of flowering, full flowering and after full flowering on yield and essential oil of Thymus kotschyanus were evaluated under Diyarbakir ecological conditions during 2002-03 and 2003-04 growing seasons. Harvest times had significant effect on plant height, fresh & dry herbage, dry leaf yield, essential oil and yiel...

The study reports determination of dyeing characteristics of spearmint in vegetable dyeing. Totally, 25 dyeings were performed for each of the four dyeing methods used i.e. no mordanting, pre mordanting, mordanting and post mordanting with alum of aluminium, copper-sulphate, zinc-chloride, potassium-bichromate, sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, sod...

Effects of harvest at the beginning of flowering, full flowering and after full flowering on yield and essential oil of Thymus kotschyanus were evaluated under Diyarbakir ecological conditions during 2002-03 and 2003-04 growing seasons. Harvest times had significant effect on plant height, fresh and dry herbage, dry leaf yield, essential oil and yi...

Different types of plant are used as thyme, such as Tyhmbra, Origanum, Satureja, Thymus and Coridathymus in various regions of the world. In the present study, essential oil components of Thymus kotschyanus, Satureja hortensis, Origanum onites and Thymbra spicata were determined by GC, and antimicrobial and antifungal activities of essential oils o...

The study reports determination of appropriate harvest time and its effect on essential oil composition of spearmint. The results indicated that the highest yield in terms of fresh herbage, dry herbage and dry leaf was obtained when harvesting was done after full flowering stage. However, the highest essential oil content was obtained at full flowe...

The study evaluated Isatis tinctoria, I. constricta, I. glauca, I. cochlearis, I. aucheri and I. demiriziana during 2002-03 and 2003-04 growing seasons for different agronomic characteristics affecting the percentage of dye in them. The results showed wide variations in the agronomic characteristics of Isatis constricta, Isatis cochlearis, Isatis a...

The study reports the effect of the planting density of wild thyme (Thymbra spicata var. spicata) on plant height, fresh herbage yield, dry herbage yield, dry leaf yield, essential oil content and essential oil yield. The results show that the highest fresh and dry herbage, dry leaf yield and essential oil yield were obtained from narrow row spacin...

Thymbra spicata var. spicata, which grows wildly in the flora of Turkey, is known as thyme. A field trial was conducted to determine suitable harvesting time and cutting height for Thymbra , therefore plants in the trial were harvested at two cutting heights in various stages of development in the course of the growing season (pre-flowering, full-f...

The present study was designed to determine some agronomical properties and fastnesses of dyeing (against light, abrasion and dry and wet water spotting) with Anthemis tinctoria, which is a perennial herb, used as traditional dyeing in many places of the world. The fi eld experiment was laid out in a randomised block design with three replications...