Suleiman Alsweiss

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA · Center for Satellite Applications and Research

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) rely on various types of sensor technologies to perceive the environment and to make logical decisions based on the gathered information similar to humans. Under ideal operating conditions, the perception systems (sensors onboard AVs) provide enough information to enable autonomous transportation and mobility. In practice,...

In this paper, we propose a novel 77 GHz automotive radar sensor, and demonstrate its cyberattack resilience using real measurements. The proposed system is built upon a standard Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar RF-front end, and the novelty is in the DSP algorithm used at the firmware level. All attack scenarios are based on real r...

With the operational deployment of the *SFMR, hurricane reconnaissance and research aircraft provide near real-time observations of the 10 m ocean-surface wind-speed both within and around tropical cyclones. Hurricane specialists use these data to assist in determining wind radii and maximum sustained winds—critical parameters for determining and i...

In this paper, an operational retrieval algorithm is described to infer sea surface temperature (SST) using measurements from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR-2) aboard the Global Change Observation Mission-Water. The algorithm exploits AMSR-2 observations from 12 channels (6–36 GHz, horizontally and vertically polarized), after b...

Airborne co-polarization and cross-polarization observations of ocean surface normalized radar cross section (NRCS) were conducted over the North Atlantic during January and February 2015. Observations were made using the University of Massachusetts' Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (IWRAP) radar system and a prototype antenna for the next-g...

In this paper, the oceanic radiometric calibration biases of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2) onboard the Global Change Observation Mission-Water (GCOM-W1) are analyzed. The double difference (DD) approach is utilized to perform inter-sensor inter-calibration for AMSR2 with the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwav...

Satellite microwave scatterometers are the principal source of global synoptic-scale ocean vector wind (OVW) measurements for a number of scientific and operational oceanic wind applications. However, for extreme wind events such as tropical cyclones, their performance is significantly degraded. This paper presents a novel OVW retrieval algorithm f...

The Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on the MetOp-A satellite is a radar instrument designed specifically to retrieve the ocean surface wind speed and direction. The ASCAT wind vector products are produced and utilized operationally in support of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s weather forecasting and warning mission. The...

It is very difficult to obtain high quality in-situ wind data in the high wind speed regimes (>17m/s). Winds measured by moored small-hulled buoys become increasingly low biased as wind speeds exceed 20 m/s. Ordinary ship reported winds are of poor quality in this high wind speed range, and the better-equipped research vessels rarely sample this wi...

This paper presents a conceptual conical-scanning radiometer/scatterometer (RadScat) instrument design for the purpose of improving satellite ocean vector wind retrievals under rain-free conditions. This technique combines the wind vector signature in the passive linearly polarized ocean brightness temperatures with the anisotropic signature of mul...

Microwave scatterometers are the standard for satellite ocean vector winds (OVW) measurements, and they provide the major source of global ocean surface winds observations for scientific and operational applications. A major challenge for Ku-band scatterometry missions is to provide reliable retrievals in the presence of precipitation, particularly...

There is a strong national interest in the observation of ocean surface winds with high spatial and temporal resolution for understanding tropical cyclones and their effects on weather and climate. In this paper, we will describe the details of an end-to-end simulation to support the development of the future airborne microwave Hurricane Imaging Ra...

This paper describes the advantages of combining passive and active microwave remote sensing observations for the purpose of ocean wind vectors retrievals. Previous studies have shown that a linear combination of horizontal and vertical polarized brightness temperatures contains a robust wind direction signal. In this paper, we present results from...

Microwave scatterometer measurements are the standard for satellite ocean vector winds (OVW) measurements. Unfortunately, in extreme weather events, where high wind speeds are frequently associated with strong rain bands, precipitation can significantly degrade the OVW retrieval accuracy. This study addresses the feasibility of exploiting passive m...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of the next generation Dual Frequency Scatterometer (DFS) proposed to fly onboard the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)/GCOM-W2 future mission to measure surface ocean vector winds. An end-to-end simulation was performed to retrieve ocean vector winds in extreme weather conditions...

This work investigates the design of an innovative conical scanning Ku-band (13.4 GHz) scatterometer/radiometer for measuring ocean vector winds. The sensor design is based upon actual measurements obtained by the SeaWinds scatterometer and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR), which operated simultaneously on JAXA's Advanced Earth Obs...

There is a strong national interest in the observation of ocean surface winds with high spatial and temporal resolution for understanding tropical cyclones and their effects on weather and climate and in forecasting storms making landfall. Current satellite and aircraft based remote sensing capability is limited in wind speed dynamic range and in t...

The Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) is a new imaging technology microwave remote sensor for hurricane observations that is currently under development by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in partnership with the NOAA Hurricane Research Division, the University of Central Florida and the University of Michigan. HIRAD is designed using passive m...

This paper presents the details of an advanced satellite radar scatterometer end-to-end simulation, known as the Conically Scanning Active/Passive Sensor Simulation (CAPSS) used for hardware development trade studies. This simulation is a collection of customized software tools that permits design engineers to vary the instrument parameters and con...

Passive microwave sensors known as radiometers are calibrated receivers that make absolute measurements of weak natural blackbody noise power emissions to infer geophysical properties of the Earth's atmosphere and surface. Because of the high accuracy needed in measuring these geophysical parameters, frequent on-orbit radiometric calibrations over...