Suleiman Abdulkareem

University of Ilorin | unilorin · Department of Mechanical Engineering

Sun is the main source of solar energy, and the energy it releases to the Earth’s surface in one hour is more than what the whole planet consumes in a year. This present work is about characterizing novel material that can be used as energy storage and diffuser in constructing flat plate solar collector. Materials used are clay and granite dust obt...

This research reports on the suitability of Agricultural bi-products as low temperature thermal insulating materials to replace synthetic insulating materials like polyurethane used in food warmers and ice coolers. Coir and sugarcane bagasse chosen for this research was based on literature review and local availability of materials. Coir was obtain...

Chips formed during machining are a vital instrument for the assessment both of machinability of material and the effectiveness of the machining method adopted. Various approaches have been proposed by researchers to make machining Ti-6Al-4V easier, ranging from reduction of cutting speed and feed rate to the use of coolant during machining. In thi...

The choice of quenchants during heat treatment of carbon steels can influence the properties of the steel sample. A knowledge of the effect of various quenchants on steel can therefore not be over emphasized. This paper presents results from the experimental investigation on the effects of using brine, water and palm-oil as quenchants during harden...

The need for hydroxyapatite synthesized from an inexpensive raw material is on the increase due to the expense of high purity calcium and demand of hydroxyapatite powder in dentistry, orthopaedics and trauma surgery. Additionally, efforts towards recycling and reuse of waste into value added products such as hydroxyapatite, have been one of the tar...

Biodegradable metallic implants are revolutionized alternative materials currently being considered for orthopaedic and stents applications for the restoration and remodeling of defected or fractured hard tissues. Examples of biodegradable metals include magnesium, iron and zinc. Findings had revealed that magnesium and iron show high tendencies of...

Cutting fluids are used to reduce heat generated during machining, however some have been discovered to pose health challenges hence the search for viable alternatives. In this paper, three machining conditions (dry machining, wet machining with soluble oil and wet machining with used-engine oil) were conducted on high carbon steel, with a sole aim...

High carbon steel (AISI 1065) and stainless steel (AISI 304) are high strength materials that are mostly used as wear resistance materials because of there high hardness and toughness. These two materials are widely used for applications in which high strength, hardness and wear resistance are required, these requirement are fund in cutting tools,...

Nowadays, low-cost particulate reinforced metal matrix composites with improve mechanical properties are highly sought in various industrial and critical engineering applications including automotive and aerospace sectors. Meanwhile, increasing consumption rate of African giant land snail (Archachatina marginata) had been posing disposal challenges...

Steels are basically classified based on their carbon contents. In view of this, the processing of steels is greatly affected by their composition, particularly their carbon content. This paper reports on the machinability of three different steels with varying carbon contents. The steel samples were sourced from Owode metal market in Ilorin, Kwara...

Zinc is a non-ferrous metal with potential application in orthopaedic implant materials. However, its poor mechanical properties were major challenge to its application. Therefore, this paper studies the mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn-based alloy for biomedical application. Pure zinc powder with varying (0, 1, 2, 3 & 6) wt% of magnesium...

This study was carried out to characterise metallic contaminants extracted from millet ground in different conditions namely: wet, paste, and dry forms using domestic grinding machine with cast grinding disc. The extracted metallic contaminants from the ground millet were examined with PAN analytical XPERT-PROMPD X-ray diffractrometer and ASPEX 302...

The potential of carbonitriding treatment of steel with cow horn was investigated in line with abattoir waste to wealth approach of waste management. The objectives of the study included processing of cow horn into different morphologies namely: powder and flakes for carbonitriding heat treatment, and, chemical analyses of cow horn with Energy Disp...

Application of reinforced aluminium scrap for the production of prophylactic knee brace (Pkb) particularly with agro-waste materials is rarely available. In this work, hardness and tensile properties of aluminium alloy (Al 6063) straps reinforced with cow bone (Cb) and periwinkle shell (Ps) for the production of Pkb were investigated. The Cb and Ps...

In Nigeria, natural and some synthetic abrasive grains used in manufacturing of sandpaper such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and aluminum silicate mineral are scarce and expensive. The aim of this paper focused on development of sandpaper grains from agricultural waste material (Coconut shell) and resin (binder) for smoothening of wood surface...

In Nigeria, natural and some synthetic abrasive grains used in manufacturing of sandpaper such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and aluminum silicate mineral are scarce and expensive. The aim of this paper focused on development of sandpaper grains from agricultural waste material (Coconut shell) and resin (binder) for smoothening of wood surface...

In Nigeria, natural and some synthetic abrasive grains used in manufacturing of sandpaper such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and aluminum silicate mineral are scarce and expensive. The aim of this paper focused on development of sandpaper grains from agricultural waste material (Coconut shell) and resin (binder) for smoothening of wood surface...

High temperature generated and stresses induced as a result of turning of Ti6Al4V results in poor surface finish. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coolant temperature on the surface roughness of Ti6Al4V which is a core material used as an implant. A cooling system was developed to reduce the temperature of the coolant (soluble...

In the present work, we report the microstructural and mechanical properties of failed coupling with an airlock in a flour mill. The coupling which was made of aluminium alloy is used to transmit torque from the electric motor to an airlock used on a flour mill production line. The fracture that occurred at the root of the teeth of the coupling was...

Cutting variables in the operation of a Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) lathe machine can affect parameters such as the work piece, tool temperature, material surface finish, material properties and vibration. A programmable CNC lathe machine was used in this work to examine the effect of different cutting variables on HSS tool temperature. Ca...

Studies have shown that adequate attention needs to be paid on processing of solid minerals that are potentially available in Nigeria to address its economic problem. Clays from five major towns in Baruten Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria were examined using ASTM guidelines to determine their suitability for refractory applications. The...

This paper reports on the effect of coolant temperature on machining of high carbon steels. The development of a cooling system to reduce the temperature of water soluble coolant to 7.9 o C from ambient temperature was employed in this work to improve the machining performance. The experiments were performed using cooled and ambient temperatures by...

This paper reports on the surface characteristics of a functionally graded Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy during Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). The electrical discharge input parameters employed for this work are current (I), on-time (Ton), off-time (Toff) and spark gap voltage (V). The electrode used for EDM of the titanium workpieces is an ele...

The use of coolant during cutting processes does not only help in the improvement of surface integrity and increase in tool life, but it also facilitates the conservation of energy due to reduction in power consumed during the process. However, some of these coolants affect human health negatively, hence there is need to consider alternatives. The...

In achieving accelerated and sustaining economic growth and development in Nigeria, there is need for domestication of finished goods production through sustainable industrialization. Foundry technology is one of the vital bases for rapid industrial development of any nation. Samples of moulding sand at green state were collected from four differen...

In this study, the quantity of metallic contaminants extracted from grinded millet was evaluated. The millet was grinded in three different forms; wet, paste, and dry forms for up to 3 minutes using locally fabricated grinding machine with cast grinding discs. Separate grinding discs were used for different millet forms, while the same quantity of...

In this research, various problems associated with harvesting of agricultural food grains by local farmers in Nigeria were identified. The aim of the research was to design low cost multipurpose mini combined harvester for production using locally available materials at affordable cost. The research was to ensure improved performance and low cost m...

Analysis of intragranular carbide precipitate in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of Martensitic Stainless Steel (MSS) weldment was carried out. Low carbon grade martensitic stainless steel weldment subjected to four point bend test in simulated sweet crude environment was analysed with Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The optical microscopy of...

Snail shells (SnS), which represent the discarded bio-shell waste of snails' remnants from restaurants and eateries constitute a serious degree of environmental threat with little or economic value. The effective utilisation of this waste into a green metal matrix composite as a low cost reinforcement material applicable in the automotive industry...

This research investigated the relaxed densities of biomass briquettes produced from combination of sawdust and charcoal. Cassava starch gel and orange waste were used as binder for briquetting. Five sizes; 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm and 1.0 mm and mixing ratios 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20 and 90:10 of biomass materials, sawdust and charcoal wer...

This paper reports on a new method used to estimate the spark radius in the gap during electrical discharge machining (EDM). This method combines the heat flux and energy equations of the copper electrode. The energy partition between workpiece and electrode (tool) due to EDM process was estimated using the ratio of thermal conductivity of the work...

The most commonly used aerospace titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V, was deposited on Ti6Al4V plate of dimension 72 x 72 x5mm. The laser power of 3 kW, powder flow rate of 1.44 g/min and gas flow rate of 4 l/min were used throughout the deposition process. The transverse/ scanning speed was varied between 0.005 to 0.095 m/sec according to established result o...

This paper reports on the investigation of thermal properties of Kapok, Coconut fibre and Sugarcane bagasse composite materials using molasses as a binder. The composite materials were moulded into 12 cylindrical samples using Kapok, Bagasse, Coconut fibre, Kapok and Bagasse in the ratios of (70:30; 50:50 and 30:70), Kapok and Coconut fibre in the...

The correlation between microstructures and hardness profiles in low carbon martensitic stainless steel girth weldment were investigated. Optical microscopy and a scanning electron microscope equipped with electron back scatter diffraction system were used for assessment of microstructural phases, grain sizes, and grain misorientation across the we...

The development of residual stresses during fabrication is inevitable and often neglected with dire consequences during the service life of the fabricated components. In this work, the surface residual stress profile following the martensitic stainless steel (MSS) pipe welding was investigated with x-ray diffraction technique. The results revealed...

This paper investigated the effect of heat treatment operations on the fatigue resistance of low carbon steel. Specimens after preparation for fatigue testing were subjected to annealing, normalizing and quenching heat treatment. Results show that the annealed specimen had the largest number of cycles to failure, indicating a high fatigue resistanc...

The effects of soaking and coldworks on sensitisation of austenitic stainless steels were studied. Annealed and samples coldworked to 20% and 40% were subjected to sensitisation heat treatment at 650 C for 24 and 72 hours. Metallographic analysis carried out showed that sensitisation occurred in both annealed and coldworked samples which manifested...

This paper investigated the effect of heat treatment operations on the fatigue resistance of low carbon steel. Specimens after preparation for fatigue testing were subjected to annealing, normalizing and quenching heat treatment. Results show that the annealed specimen had the largest number of cycles to failure, indicating a high fatigue resistanc...

This paper investigated the effect of heat treatment operations on the fatigue resistance of low carbon steel. Specimens after preparation for fatigue testing were subjected to annealing, normalizing and quenching heat treatment. Results show that the annealed specimen had the largest number of cycles to failure, indicating a high fatigue resistanc...

paper examines the effects of heat treatment processes on the mechanical properties of as-cast Al-4% Ti alloy for structural applications. Heat treatment processes, namely, annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering, are carried out on the alloy samples. The mechanical tests of the heat treated samples are carried out and the results obtained...

Postgraduate programmes are generally run with a comprehensive academic structure in place. The requirements, procedure for application, mode of registration, academic information, and conditions for obtaining the degree are usually specified in each programme curriculum. This paper identifies and suggests crucial procedures to be followed to enhan...

Surface integrity of machined parts is one of the major machining characteristics that play an important role in determining the quality of engineering components. It is a well-known fact that good quality surfaces improve the fatigue strength, corrosion and wear resistance of the work piece. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects...

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) process is a manufacturing method for shaping hard metals and formation of deep and complex shaped hole by spark erosion in electrical conductive materials such as metals, metallic alloys, ceramics etc. EDM process is achieved by a series of recurring electrical discharges between the electrode and workpiece in...

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is widely used in the machining of electrically conductive hard metals for the production of dies and moulds. This paper describes an investigation of the effect of electrode cooling on the amount of elements migration from the electrode to the workpiece surface and from the workpiece to the electrode surface. I...

Electric discharge machining (EDM) is an effective manufacturing technique that enables the production of parts made of hard materials with complicated geometry that are difficult to produce by conventional machining processes. EDM is a process of eroding material by transient action of electric sparks on electrically conductive materials, one bein...

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a thermal process in which the workpiece and the wire (tool) experience an intense local heating in the discharge channel. The high power density results in the erosion of a part of the material from both electrodes by local melting and vaporization. Whilst good surface finish and high material removal...

EDM is a nontraditional method of removing material by a series of rapidly recurring electric discharges between an electrode (the cutting tool) and the workpiece, in a medium of a dielectric fluid. EDM is a precision machining technique and is used in making dies and molds of extremely hard materials that cannot be machined by conventional techniq...

All metal surfaces, irrespective of their surface integrity, appear as a series of peaks and valleys under close examination. The objective of lubrication is to separate these peaks and valleys so that contact is avoided in metal to metal, hence greatly reduce or eliminate wear. A lubricant may be gas, liquid, semi‐solid, or solid that permits free...

In electrical discharge machining (EDM), material is removed by a series of electrical sparks that develops a temperature in the range 8, 000°C–12, 000°C between the electrode and the workpiece. Due to the high temperature of the sparks, the workpiece is melted and vaporized. At the same time, the electrode material is also eroded by melting and va...

In this study, cooling effect of copper electrode on the die-sinking of electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) has been carried out. Investigation on the effect of cooling on electrode wear and surface roughness of the workpiece has been carried out. Design of experiment plan for rotatable central composite design of second or...

In electrical discharge machining (EDM), material is removed by a series of electrical discharge between the electrode (tool) and the workpiece that develops a temperature of about 8,000 C to 12,000 C. Due to high temperature of the sparks, work material is melted and vapourized, at the same time the electrode material is also eroded by melting and...