Sukhdeo Karade

Sukhdeo Karade
Central Building Research Institute | CBRI · Advanced Concrete Steel and Composites (ACSC)

MTech(Civil), PhD

About

64
Publications
63,471
Reads
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2,019
Citations
Introduction
Recently completed a multidisciplinary research project "Innovative Materials & Technologies for Next Generation Green Buildings".
Additional affiliations
March 1998 - March 2020
Central Building Research Institute
Position
  • Principal Investigator
Description
  • R&D work on alternative building materials including concrete, corrosion, repair and rehabilitation of concrete structures. Teaching & Coordinating AcSIR.
March 1998 - present
Central Building Research Institute
Position
  • Principal Investigator
August 2011 - present
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
Position
  • Professor
Education
October 2000 - October 2003
Brunel University London
Field of study
  • Cement bonded composites
August 1992 - August 1994
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
Field of study
  • Civil & Environmental Engineering

Publications

Publications (64)
Article
The utilisation of seawater (SW) for making concrete appears to be a reasonable alternative to conserve freshwater. This paper investigates the possibility of making seawater mixed concrete (SMC) using cementitious replacement of fly ash (FA) and red mud (RM) to offset the adverse effects of SW in concrete. FA was added by replacing from 10% to 40%...
Article
Full-text available
Mineralogical and morphological characteristics of cementitious materials at the early stage of hydration primarily govern the performance and durability characteristics of concrete. Tricalcium aluminate (C3A) is one of the important phases of cement that primarily controls the initial setting. It plays a crucial role in producing tricalcium silica...
Article
Full-text available
Calcium–silicate–hydrate (C–S–H), the most important phase of hydrated portland cement, is responsible for the cementitious system’s mechanical properties performance and durability. In a severe environment, C–S–H often suffers from sulphate attack, leading to severe concrete deterioration. The present work describes a detailed mechanism of sulphat...
Conference Paper
Steel reinforcement, when embedded in concrete is protected by the formation of a passive oxide film due to high alkalinity. However, the contamination of concrete by the ingress of chloride or carbon dioxide damages the protective film which leads to steel corrosion. This demands for a suitable corrosion inhibitor to be added to the freshly prepar...
Conference Paper
Premature deterioration of materials in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is one of the major problems caused because of the polluted environment and the use of poor-quality materials. Deterioration of (RC) structural members such as beams, slabs, and columns due to corrosion attack in the polluted environment affects the safety, serviceability,...
Article
Formation of siliceous-hydrogarnet (Si-hydrogarnet) and stability of katoite (C3AH6) in tricalcium aluminate (C3A) system in presence of silica nanoparticles (n-SiO2) have been examined in the present study. C3A hydration in presence of n-SiO2 upto 24 h show retardation in hydration due to the surface coverage of C3A grain through calcium-silicate-...
Chapter
One of the key drivers of the alarming increase in anthropogenic carbon emissions is the construction industry and the built environment. Conventional building materials are harmful to the planet because of non-renewable resources and energy-intensive manufacturing processes. Conventional insulation materials, masonry materials, and concrete are hi...
Article
Full-text available
In this paper, a detailed reaction mechanism of tricalcium aluminate (C3A) in presence and absence of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) within 24 hr of hydration was studied. The effect of SNPs on an early stage of hydration was assessed through XRD (mineralogical analysis), TGA (quantification of hydrated products), FTIR (analysing chemical bonding) and...
Chapter
Full-text available
To maintain the thermal comfort, buildings consume about 40% of the total energy produced in most of the countries. Thus, they are one of the largest contributors to the global greenhouse gas emissions and the associated climate change. Emissions from the built environment originate from three sub-sources: construction, operation, and demolition. T...
Article
The present study involves evaluating the characterization of recycled fine aggregates (RFA) and the influence of adopting various mixing approaches both with and without superplasticizer (SP) incorporation on the performance of varying fluidity-based recycled aggregate mortar (RFAM). Three different kinds of mortar fluidity used in this experiment...
Article
Full-text available
Large amount of potable water is used in construction industry. Due to shortage of potable water, use of seawater for both mixing and curing concrete seems to be an ideal alternative. However, major drawback of using seawater in concrete is large amount of chloride present in it, which leads to corrosion of embedded reinforcement in concrete. The m...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Buildings around the world consume over 40% of the world's energy. They are one of the largest contributors to the global GHG emissions and the associated climate change. Emissions from built environment originate from three sub-sources: construction, operation and demolition. The collective emissions from built environment are studied using life c...
Article
Full-text available
Aims The aim of the research is to use seawater to make reinforced concrete. Background Water scarcity is amongst the biggest problems the world is facing in the 21st century. To reduce the consumption of potable water (PW) in construction industries and to make concrete construction more sustainable, its replacement with seawater (SW) has been ex...
Article
The growing concerns surrounding the rising carbon emissions have impelled the leaders around the world to make efforts to prevent catastrophic manifestations of climate change and global warming. This has led to the resurrection of vegetal concrete building materials using biomass, which have the added benefits of carbon sequestration apart from l...
Article
Utilization of recycled concrete fine aggregates to full potential in the construction sector is necessary to increase the ecological value and solves the issues of natural sand scarcity. However, the quality of recycled concrete fine aggregates is inferior to conventional aggregates. Hence, a treatment process is obviously essential for improving...
Conference Paper
Corrosion of reinforcing steel bars is a major durability issue in the reinforced concrete structures. Electrochemical repair techniques such as cathodic protection, cathodic prevention, electrochemical realkalisation and electrochemical chloride removal are found to be suitable for the carbonated and chloride affected corrosion mitigation in concr...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Steel reinforced concrete is the most widely used building material throughout the world. Its durability is to be ensured to minimise repairs, casualties and life cycle cost. Corrosion of reinforcing bars is the most critical durability issue which majorly occurs as a result of chloride attack or carbonation of concrete. Use of corrosion inhibitors...
Conference Paper
The precast concrete framed structures are being constructed using different precast elements manufactured in industry and then assembled at the construction site. The structural components such as beam, slab, column, foundation units, and shear wall are separately made and fixed with each other using diverse techniques. There are wet, dry and wet-...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
With the alarming global increase in carbon emissions and its implications, the need for carbon neutral or carbon negative technologies is of utmost importance and urgency. Cellulose aggregate concrete (CAC) or bio-aggregate concrete has not only the multi-benefits of low density, better thermal insulation and low embodied energy, it can also make...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Precast concrete constructions are being done by transporting and assembling the precast elements manufactured in industry at the construction site. Various structural components such as column, beam, slab, and shear wall are separately made in construction yard with better workmanship and fixed using various connection techniques. There are emulat...
Article
This study deals with the effect of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) in high volume fly ash (40% replacement) cement paste, mortar and concrete. The content of SNPs (0.5–3.0%) was added by the weight of binder and w/b ratio (0.23, 0.25 & 3.0) was optimized in paste and mortar system. The calorimetric results reveal that the hydration process was acceler...
Article
Durability and performance of polymeric coatings depend on barrier properties as well as parameters such as water absorption, chloride permeability, gases diffusion and water vapor transmission. It is necessary to determine the barrier properties in reference to permeation of moisture in polymeric coatings when exposed to high humidity conditions a...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Water scarcity is amongst the biggest problem faced by the world in 21st century. The concrete industry utilizes large quantity of potable water in the concrete mixture itself, as well as for other processes such as washing out mixers and for curing concrete structures. Thus, to save potable water, use of seawater, which accounts for 97.5% of total...
Article
Full-text available
The growing environmental concern throughout the globe has led architects & engineers to design energy efficient buildings. Consequently, they are looking for building materials that can reduce the energy consumption in buildings to maintain the comfort level. Use of proper thermal insulating materials can reduce the energy required for heating or...
Conference Paper
In the reinforced concrete (RC) structures, corrosion of reinforcement steel bars is a major durability issue. Electrochemical repair techniques such as electrochemical chloride removal, electrochemical realkalisation and cathodic protection techniques are found to be more effective than the conventional methods for corrosion mitigation in concrete...
Article
Ecological and economic issues in the new generation coating industries have led to the maximum utilization of naturally occurring renewable materials for polymer synthesis. This paper for the first time demonstrates the use of cardanol modified epoxy primer in three component coating systems and the findings of the change of resin on coating behav...
Article
The influence of wood upon the setting of cement is generally assessed by conducting semi-adiabatic hydration tests. The existing methods to quantify wood-cement compatibility are based on the maximum hydration temperature (Tmax), the time (tmax) to reach it or the heat evolved in a specified period. Results obtained by these methods at higher wood...
Conference Paper
Corrosion of reinforcement bars is a major durability issue in the reinforced concrete structures. Electrochemical repair techniques such as cathodic protection, electrochemical realkalisation and electrochemical chloride removal are found to be suitable for the chloride affected corrosion mitigation in concrete. Conventionally anodes developed fro...
Article
Cork granules are produced as by-products and waste by the cork processing industries that make ‘bottle stoppers’ as a main product. These granules are of low density and could be used as lightweight aggregates for making concrete. This paper describes an investigation carried out to assess the compatibility of cork granules with cement for the man...
Article
A large quantity of lignocellulosic wastes is generated worldwide from various sources such as agriculture, construction, wood and furniture industries leading to environmental concerns. Use of these wastes in making cement-bonded construction materials can reduce the magnitude of the problems. However, in this effort there are various restraints l...
Article
Alternative and innovative building materials have contributed significantly in the growth of construction industry sector and in this context role of organic coatings for the protection of buildings and other related structures have become an issue of vital importance. In this paper the role and durability studies of newly developed innovative car...
Article
Full-text available
In India more than half of the electric power is generated in coal based thermal power plants. In addition, new thermal power plants are also being constructed to meet the growing demand of energy. Concrete structures in these thermal power plants are exposed to a wide range of aggressive conditions causing deterioration. To minimise interruptions...
Article
A study was carried out to explore the possibility of making cement-bonded composite building products using arhar stalks. The water extractive of arhar stalks is slightly acidic, pH value around 6.5. It was found that the extractive adversely affect the cement hydration and strength development processes. The increase in setting time varied from 2...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Plain cement mortar and concrete are brittle materials having a very low tensile strength. Besides this they have high density and thermal conductivity. To overcome these problems synthetic fibres and lightweight aggregates or various lignocellulosic materials like wood, natural fibres and agro wastes are incorporated in cementitious matrix. The re...
Article
An epoxy–cardanol resin was developed using epichlorohydrin, bisphenol-A and cardanol. On evaluation it was found that epoxy–cardanol resin exhibits better properties as compared to epoxy resin in terms of increase in tensile strength, elongation, bond with steel and lowering of water vapour transmission of the film. The improvement in these proper...
Article
Water based polymer systems are often used for improvement in the properties of plain cement mortar or concrete. Presently, latexes of a single or combinations of polymers like polyvinyl acetate, copolymers of vinyl acetate-ethylene, styrene-butadiene, styrene-acrylic, and acrylic and styrene butadiene rubber emulsions are generally used. One of th...
Article
Full-text available
Various lignocellulosic materials are available locally from the agro- forestry industries in many parts of the world. Using these materials in a cementitious matrix, composites with a range of properties can be formed. These composites have divers applications in building construction. However, the presence of the extractives in the lignocellulosi...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The mechanical properties of concretes are affected by a wide range of variables. At the mixing stage these include: cement/aggregate ratio; aggregate size and density; and water/cement ratio. In terms of mechanical performance, an optimum mix is normally one in which there are no free air gaps. Minimising the number of air gaps, or void volume. ca...
Article
ABSTRACT The influence of wood upon the setting of cement is generally assessed by conducting semi-adiabatic hydration tests. The existing methods to quantify wood-cement compatibility are based on the maximum hydration temperature (Tmax), the time (tmax) to reach it or the heat evolved in a specified period. Results obtained by these methods at hi...
Chapter
Full-text available
A large amount of waste is generated during the manufacture of bottle stoppers from the cork industries in granular form. These granules are lighter than many lightweight aggregates presently used for making lightweight concrete. This paper discusses the properties of cork and its compatibility with cement. Some physical and mechanical properties o...
Article
Full-text available
Presented a discussion about environmental aspects in building designing and site selection.
Article
Mechanical Properties of Red Mud Polymer Composite
Article
A variety of repair materials is available in the market. It is often difficult to select a suitable repair material for a given condition. Various researchers use different evaluation methods, but the required specifications are not established. Recently research has been carried out throughout the world to address this problem. This paper attempt...
Article
Full-text available
Spreadsheets are widely used computer software due to their simplicity and user friendliness. They are available on most of the computers and mainly used for data management, calculation, making charts or statistical analysis. However, their potential in materials research is not fully explored yet. In this paper various applications of spreadsheet...
Article
Full-text available
Various species of wood in the form of chips, particles or fibres are added to cement to make composite materials for building applications. Most wood species are reported to retard the setting of cement and weaken its strength. Cork, which is the bark of Quercus suber trees, is not currently used for making such composites. It differs from other w...
Article
Full-text available
Presently a wide range of materials are being used for repair of concrete structures. Their behaviour under aggressive conditions such as high temperature and acidic environment is not well understood. This paper presents the results of a study undertaken in CBRI to investigate the influence of aggressive environment on five different repair materi...

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