Sujogya Kumar Panda

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• Ph. D., postdoc
• Professor at Siksha O Anusandhan University

Summary Background: Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic. Forecasting future trajectories of the epidemic is crucial for providing an evidence base for policy change. In this study, we examine the historical trends of the global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity from 1990 to 2021 and forecast the future traje...

Background Despite the well documented consequences of obesity during childhood and adolescence and future risks of excess body mass on non-communicable diseases in adulthood, coordinated global action on excess body mass in early life is still insufficient. Inconsistent measurement and reporting are a barrier to specific targets, resource allocati...

Background Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic. Forecasting future trajectories of the epidemic is crucial for providing an evidence base for policy change. In this study, we examine the historical trends of the global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity from 1990 to 2021 and forecast the future trajectories t...

Summary Background Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders and affects individuals of all ages across the globe. The aim of this study is to provide estimates of the epilepsy burden on the global, regional, and national levels for 1990–2021. Methods Using well established Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Facto...

Supplement to: GBD Epilepsy Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Public Health 2025; published online Feb 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2468-2667(24)00302-5

Supplement to: GBD Epilepsy Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Public Health 2025; published online Feb 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2468-2667(24)00302-5

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and...

Introduction Cnestis ferruginea is used frequently in African traditional medicine for treating infectious diseases. Previous bioassay-guided purification has identified hydroquinone as the major bio-active compound in the aforementioned plant, responsible for its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. While the phenol hydroquinone c...

Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides a comprehensive assessment of health and risk factor trends at global, regional, national, and subnational levels. This study aims to examine the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in the USA and highlight the disparities in health outcomes ac...

Background The capacity to anticipate future health issues is important for both policy makers and practitioners in the USA, as such insights can facilitate effective planning, investment, and implementation strategies. Forecasting trends in disease and injury burden is not only crucial for policy makers but also garners substantial interest from...

This appendix provides supplementary tables and figures for the paper titled “The burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors by state in the USA, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.”

We assessed the antimicrobial activity of extracts prepared with four solvents (hexane, acetone, ethanol, water) from 45 medicinal plants used in Bangladesh. Food pathogenic bacteria (Gram‐positive: Bacillus cereus , Listeria innocua , Streptococcus faecalis , and Gram‐negative: Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella enterica , and...

Background Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensiv...

This study was conducted to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extract of Syzygium cumini leaf against Vibrio species through a bioassay-guided fractionation. The ethanol extract was exposed to silica gel chromatography followed by reversed phase HPLC to isolate the most effective fraction against V. parahaemolyticus. U...

Tectona grandis Linn, commonly known as teak, is traditionally used to treat a range of diseases, including the common cold, headaches, bronchitis, scabies, diabetes, inflammation, and others. The present study was conducted with the purpose of isolating and identifying the active compounds in T. grandis leaf against a panel of Vibrio spp., which m...

The effect of betel (Piper betle) and amla (Phyllanthus emblica) leaf extracts as feed supplement was studied on the growth and immune functions of the shrimp Penaeus monodon when exposed to a virulent strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Six experimental groups (PB-1, PB-2, PB-3 and PE-1, PE-2, PE-3) of shrimp were fed extract at varying concentrati...

The diabetes-associated mortality rate is increasing annually, along with the severity of its accompanying disorders that impair human health. Worldwide, several medicinal plants are frequently urged for the management of diabetes. Reports are available on the use of medicinal plants by traditional healers for their blood-sugar-lowering effects, al...

Background illumination and its intensity are crucial factors in visual interaction among organisms. In the present study, we used tadpoles of eight sympatric anuran species (Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Microhyla ornata, Uperodon globulosus, Kaloula taprobanica, Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis, Fejervarya orissaensis, Polypedates maculatus, and Polypedate...

This study was conducted to determine the effect of oral administration of Zingiber officinale and Aegle marmelos extracts on the growth performance and immunomodulatory activities of the shrimp Penaeus monodon against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). A methanol extract of the Z. officinale rhizome and A. marmelos leaf was sprayed into a pellet fe...

Chimonanthus grammatus is used as Hakka traditional herb to treat cold, flu, etc. So far, the phytochemistry and antimicrobial compounds have not been well investigated. In this study, the orbitrap-ion trap MS was used to characterize its metabolites, combined with a computer-assisted structure elucidation method, and the antimicrobial activities w...

Disease outbreaks in shrimp have increased as the global shrimp aquaculture industry has become more intensive. The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a highly virulent and lethal infection that causes the most harm to global penaeid shrimp production, with a massive mortality rate of 80 to 100% within 3 to 10 days of the onset of clinical symptom...

Biofilm-associated bacteria, especially ESKAPE pathogens ( Enterococcus faecium , Staphylococcus aureus , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Acinetobacter baumannii , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Enterobacter spp.), are a serious challenge worldwide. Due to the lack of discovery of novel antibiotics, in the past two decades, it has become necessary to search...

Helminths, with an estimated 1.5 billion annual global infections, are one of the major health challenges worldwide. The current strategy of the World Health Organization to prevent helminth infection includes increasing hygienic awareness, providing better sanitation and preventative anthelmintic drug therapy in vulnerable populations. Nowadays, a...

Background: Different parts of Dillenia pentagyna have long been used in traditional medicines to cure several diseases including cancer. However, the mechanism(s) of anti-cancer effects are still unknown. We aimed to elucidate the anti-metastatic potential of ethanolic extracts of leaves of D. pentagyna (EELDP) and active fractions of it in highl...

Background A large number of populations worldwide still rely on crude extracts of different parts of medicinal plants. Various parts of Dillenia pentagyna has long been used in India for treatment of different disorders. Objective Cytotoxic and apoptosis inducing capability of ethanolic extract of leaves of Dillenia pentagyna (EELDP) was studied...

Biofilm‐producing Staphylococcus aureus (SA) strains are frequently found in medical environments, from surgical/ wound sites, medical devices. These biofilms reduce the efficacy of applied antibiotics during the treatment of several infections, such as cystic fibrosis, endocarditis, or urinary tract infections. Thus, the development of potential t...

Background Traditional herbs played a crucial role in the health care of the Hakka people. However, studies to identify these traditional herbs are few. Here we document and assess the potential of these plants for treating microbial infections. Many herbs used by the Hakka people could potentially be a novel medicinal resource. Methods Local herb...

Tetradenia riparia Hochsteter codd. (Lamiaceae) in its native African continent, is considered one of the most popular aromatic medicinal plants. In folk medicine it may be used as an infusion to treat respiratory problems, cough, headache, stomach pain, diarrhea, fever, malaria, and dengue; and in the form of compresses it is applied for the relie...

Background Locomotor assays in zebrafish have emerged as a screening test in early drug discovery for antiseizure compounds. However, parameters differ considerably between published studies, which may explain some discrepant results with (candidate) antiseizure medications. New method We optimized a locomotor-based seizure assay in zebrafish with...

Approximately 270 species of mushrooms have been reported as potentially useful for human health. However, few mushrooms have been studied for bioactive compounds that can be helpful in treating various diseases. Like other natural regimens, the mushroom treatment appears safe, as could be expected from their long culinary and medicinal use. This r...

Background Plants are an abundant natural source of potential chemical compounds; they have been widely used in various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and food. This work aims to study two Saharan medicinal plants by evaluating the activity of plant extract against bacterial and fungal plant pathogens as well as against the model ne...

Mushrooms are valued by humans worldwide as food, but also for their medicinal properties. Over 130 medicinal effects of mushrooms have been reported, including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, prebiotic, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular benefits. Several mushrooms have been tested in phase I, II, or III...

In an emergency, drug repurposing is the best alternative option against newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, several bioac-tive natural products have shown potential against SARS-CoV-2 in recent studies. The present study selected sixty-eight broad-spectrum antiviral marine terpenoids and p...

Background Leprosy (Hansen’s disease) is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions of people globally. The combined formulations of dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine (multidrug therapy, MDT) is only supportive in the early stage of detection, while “reemergence” is a significant problem. There is still a need to develop newer antileprosy mo...

Disease epidemics in shrimp aquaculture increase apace with the development of aquaculture systems throughout the world. The disease caused by Vibrio spp. (vibriosis) is considered the most devastating, which has made it the most feared bacterial disease in the shrimp sector. In aquaculture, several strategies have already been applied to control V...

Properties of chemically synthesized Zn1-xGdxO (x = 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) nanorods were explored through microstructural, morphological, toxicity and magnetic characterizations. Hexagonal wurtzite structure of all the samples without any impurity phases was confirmed by X-ray diffraction characterization. The micrographs of transmission electron mic...

Biofilms form a complex layer with defined structures, that attach on biotic or abiotic surfaces, are tough to eradicate and tend to cause some resistance against most antibiotics. Several studies confirmed that biofilm-producing bacteria exhibit higher resistance compared to the planktonic form of the same species. Antibiotic resistance factors ar...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Tetradenia riparia (commonly known as ginger bush) is frequently used in traditional African medicine to treat foodborne infections including diarrhoea, gastroenteritis, and stomach ache. Aim of the study: The present study aims to identify in Tetradenia riparia the compounds active against foodborne pathogens. Mater...

Nanoparticles of Zn1-xLaxO (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) were successfully synthesized by a cost-effective chemical method. The influences of La on the microstructural, optical, antimicrobial and magnetic properties of these ZnO nanoparticles were investigated. XRD studies revealed the presence of hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO without any impurity...

The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 strains from the coronavirus (CoV) family is causing one of the most disruptive pandemics of the past century. Developing antiviral drugs is a challenge for the scientific community and pharmaceutical industry. Given the health emergency, repurposing of existing antiviral, antiinflammatory or antimalarial drugs is an at...

Holarrhena pubescens is an important medicinal plant of the Apocynaceae family that is widely distributed over the Indian subcontinent. The plant is extensively used in Ayurveda and other traditional medicinal systems without obvious adverse effects. Beside notable progress in the biological and phytochemical evaluation of this plant over the past...

Holigarna caustica (Dennst.) Oken is used by the tribes of Northeast India for the treatment of intestinal problems. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the active principles of this plant responsible for its anthelmintic activity, using bioassay-guided fractionation. An ethanol extract of H. caustica fruit was fractionated o...

Chikungunya and yellow fever virus cause vector-borne viral diseases in humans. There is currently no specific antiviral drug for either of these diseases. Banana plants are used in traditional medicine for treating viral diseases such as measles and chickenpox. Therefore, we tested selected banana cultivars for their antiviral but also cytotoxic p...

Background. Infections by microbes (viruses, bacteria, and fungi) and parasites can cause serious diseases in both humans and animals. Heavy use of antimicrobials has created selective pressure and caused resistance to currently available antibiotics, hence the need for finding new and better antibiotics. Natural products, especially from plants, a...

The authors wish to make the following corrections to their paper [...]

Ten banana (Musa spp.) cultivars were studied for their antimicrobial properties. Three plant parts (corm, pseudostem and leaves) were collected separately and extracted with different solvents, viz., hexane, acetone, ethanol and water. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50) was evaluated using a broth microdilution assay. Eight human bacterial a...

Ten banana (Musa spp.) cultivars were studied for their antimicrobial properties. Three plant parts (corm, pseudostem and leaves) were collected separately and extracted with different solvents, viz., hexane, acetone, ethanol and water. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was evaluated using a broth microdilution assay. Eight human bacterial an...

Antimicrobial activity of banana cultivars

Biomedical applications of green synthesized metallic nanoparticles have the most significant advantage nowadays due to these unique magnetic and mechanical properties along with specific characteristics like heat, melting point, and surface area which make them suitable for biomedical applications like imaging, gene targeting, drug delivery, and b...

Intestinal parasitic nematodes infect approximately two billion people worldwide. In the absence of vaccines for human intestinal nematodes, control of infections currently relies mainly on chemotherapy, but resistance is an increasing problem. Thus, there is an urgent need for the discovery and development of new anthelmintic drugs, especially one...

During a snake bite, the microbes may get transferred to the bite site and may cause secondary infection along with envenomation. The knowledge on the oral bacterial flora of snakes constitutes information important for snake bite management. The inadequately studied oral microflora of snakes differ geographically, temporally and among the members...

Background: Resistance to known anthelmintics has become a growing concern 1. Based on 2017-2019 ethnomedical and ethnoveterinary surveys carried out in Katanga Province, several species of shrub locally identified as Vitex species (Lamiaceae) are used to treat animal helminthiases. Aim of the study: In this study, 4 Vitex species (including differ...

The objective of this study is to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effectiveness of select Indian medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and biofilm-forming Staphylococcus. Twenty Indian medicinal plants used traditionally were preselected for testing against 17 different clinical strains (originating from animal or hospital patients...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Warburgia ugandensis Sprague subspecies ugandensis is a plant widely distributed in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. In humans, it is used to treat respiratory infections, tooth aches, malaria, skin infections, venereal diseases, diarrhea, fevers and aches. Aim of the study: This study aims to identify the bi...

Insects constitute an alternate source of protein with the benefits of lower environmental impacts than conventional livestock. Ruspolia differens is among the favourite insects used to reduce food insecurity across Sub-Saharan Africa. Current indigenous knowledge rumours the utilisation of this insect as traditional medicine for specific ailments,...

The scientific communities have received attention on the therapeutic value of medicinal plants with a wide range of publication on various techniques. Much attention has been drawn to the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts in crude form and their metabolites due to the challenge of growing incidences of drug-resistant pathogens. Profuse use...

There is growing evidence that some species of wild nonhuman primate, like Gorillas and chimpanzees, take herbal and clay medicines to treat and prevent disease. Such a primate pharmacopoeia may be a missing link in our understanding of the relationship between primates foraging and ranging strategies and plant chemistry. Self medication is evident...

Despite the advancement of the pharmaceutical industry, medicinal plants are still a reliable source of traditional medicines to cure a number of diseases. Various parts of Dillenia pentagyna are used in traditional medicine in India for treatment of various disorders including cancers, but detailed mechanisms are still unknown. Dried leaves of D....

The anti-microbial activity of crude extracts (hexane, acetone, ethanol, and aqueous) of 46 edible plants from Odisha, India, was studied using a broth microdilution assay against 8 common food-borne pathogens (Gram-positive: Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua, Micrococcus luteus, and Gram-negative: Escherichia coli, Pseudomo...

Snake mouths contain a wide range of bacteria. Identifying these bacteria in snakes is very important to obtain an understanding of the etiological agents of secondary infections that may result from accidents during handling and/or snake bites. The present study aims to determine the pattern of oral bacterial flora of nine healthy Russell's vipers...

Different parts of Cnestis ferruginea are used in traditional African medicine for treating infectious diseases such as dysentery, bronchitis, eye troubles, conjunctivitis, sinusitis, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Despite its long traditional use in the treatment of infections, this plant is not well studied for its in vitro antimicrobial properties. Th...

This volume, The Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Plants, provides some informative research on the scientific evidence of the health benefits that can be derived from medicinal plants and how their efficacies can be improved. The volume is divided into three sections covering the phytochemistry of medicinal plants, disease management with med...

Salvia officinalis is frequently used in traditional Algerian medicine to treat diverse microbial infections, including oral and vaginal candidiasis. The aerial parts of S. officinalis collected in Annaba, Algeria were extracted in parallel by maceration with four solvents viz. hexane, acetone, methanol and water. All the extracts were tested in vi...

Objectives The objective of the present work was to examine the bacterial flora associated with the oral cavity of Indian cobra and to study their antibiogram. Methods Oral swabs, collected from six healthy (4 males and 2 females) adult cobra, were subjected to microbiological examination through differential media. A total of 74 isolates which de...

A new 6-benzyl-γ-pyrone (1), named aspergyllone was isolated from the culture filtrates of an endolichenic fungus Aspergillus niger Tiegh, obtained from lichen thallus Parmotrema ravum (Krog & Swinscow) Serus, collected in India. 1 was isolated for the first time from an endolichenic fungus together with six other known metabolites identified as au...

The native microflora plays a major role in the defense mechanism of an animal and protects its body against foreign microorganisms. Disruption of these microfloras can harm the host. Endogenous microorganisms maintain health of the host by preventing access of pathogenic microorganisms and stimulating the immune response. However, members of the i...

Tribal Indigenous Beverage “Handia”: Its Process Characteristics and Medicinal Value Introduction15.1 A wide range of cereal based fermented foods exist throughout the Asian and African countries. Since rice is the major cereal in these areas, a global interest in rice and its fermented product is increasing due to their caloric value, unique quali...

Traditional medicinal knowledge is experiencing increased attention worldwide in light of global health care demand.The traditional knowledge has already comprised a multi-billion dollar, international industry, and the biomedical sector is increasingly investigating the potential of genetic resources and traditional knowledge. Documenting and prot...