Suhad Bahijri

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Verified

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• PhD, FICN
• Professor (Full) at King Abdulaziz University

Introduction: Atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes (DM) is preceded by inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Early detection of these risk factors is expected to improve prognosis. We aimed to examine the association between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with hypertension (HTN) in the p...

Atherosclerosis imposes a heavy burden on cardiovascular health due to its indispensable role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as coronary artery disease and heart failure. Ample clinical and experimental evidence has corroborated the vital role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Hence, the demand for...

Summary Background Adiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and witho...

Background Adiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hyper...

Background Early identification and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) could reduce overall mortality. Anthropometric measurements offer a simple and cost-effective method to potentially improve early detection of NAFLD and prevent its complications. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD using the fatty liver index...

Introduction: Current methods to detect dysglycemia have serious limitations, especially in certain health conditions affecting erythrocyte lifespan. Glycated albumin (GA) can reflect glycemic status and is unaffected by medical diseases that cause inaccurate glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values. We aimed to assess the possibility of using GA for dia...

The establishment of Reference Intervals (RIs) for Hemoglobin A1C and other hemoglobin subfractions (A1A, A1B, F, LA1C, A0) is of utmost importance in screening, diagnosing, and monitoring diabetes and other hemoglobin abnormalities through the application of highpressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Because there are no locally establis...

Background The establishment of Reference Intervals (RIs) for Hemoglobin A1C and other hemoglobin subfractions (A1A, A1B, F, LA1C, A0) is of utmost importance in screening, diagnosing, and monitoring diabetes and other hemoglobin abnormalities through the application of high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Because there are no loca...

Summary Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data...

Background and aims In Saudi Arabia, very limited studies have been conducted to evaluate the validity of culturally appropriate food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The aim of this study was to validate a newly designed FFQ against two reference methods in Saudi adults. Methods A new FFQ adapted from the Block FFQ was completed via interview and v...

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is more prevalent among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), elevating their risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and premature mortality. There is a need to modify treatment strategies to prevent or delay these adverse outcomes. Currently, there are no sensitive or specific biomarkers for...

(1) Introduction: given the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Saudi Arabia, especially in Jeddah, this study aims to understand the dietary and lifestyle-related risk factors among Jeddah’s non-diabetic adults. (2) Material and Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design, non-diabetic adults were sourced from public healthcare centers...

Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6 . Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural an...

Background Most of hematology laboratories in Saudi Arabia utilize the reference intervals (RIs) provided by instrument manufacturers. This study aimed to define RIs of hematological parameters for adult population in the western region of Saudi Arabia and to explore their specific features from an international perspective. Method This study was...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common among Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, recommended clinical procedures to detect it are unavailable in many locations. Therefore, better and more available diagnostic biomarkers for NAFLD are needed. Various serum parameters were suggested, and algorithms that employ routine mea...

Studies suggest that ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1 C69T) polymorphism is associated with a decreased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and that there is an association between ABCA1 C69T polymorphism and the risk of dyslipidemia in diabetic individuals. However, other studies contradict these suggestions. Therefore, we aimed...

Context Waist circumference (WC) is used in screening for the metabolic syndrome (MetS) based on its association with cardiometabolic risk. This might apply differently in ethnically different populations. Associations with other measures are also unclear. Objective To investigate the association between neck circumference (NC), WC, WC:hip circumf...

The association between lifestyle practices, obesity and increased BP are under-investigated. We aimed to investigate this association to identify the factors associated with hypertension and prehypertension in Saudis. Non-diabetic adults were recruited from public healthcare centers using a cross-sectional design. Recruits were interviewed using a...

With increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and absence of local waist circumference cut-off point, it is important to determine the local cut-off point of waist circumference to predict metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Saudi adults who attend primary health care centers (PHC)...

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30...

Glycemic index (GI) was developed to categorize dietary carbohydrates based on their overall effect on postprandial blood glucose. Low GI foods demand a lower insulin response compared to high GI foods. This is expected to decrease the incidence of insulin resistance, the development of obesity, and hypertension, which are risk factors for diabetes...

Background Several pre‐analytical factors can affect the measurement of intact Parathyroid Hormone (IPTH). In this study, we have investigated the effects of using different types of tubes, time elapsed before separation, and storage conditions over time on the measured values of IPTH. Method Blood samples from 30 subjects were collected into plai...

Background Deregulation of the antioxidant enzymes was implicated in pathogenesis and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The data relate the genetic variants of these enzymes to T2DM are inconsistent among various populations. Purpose We aimed to explore the association of 13 genetic variants of “superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase...

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in di...

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in di...

Population specific associations between cardiovascular disease with various risk factors including pre-hypertension and hypertension were reported. We aimed to investigate the association of higher than optimal blood pressure with measures of dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and markers of inflammation in non-diabetic Saudi adults hoping to improve curr...

Sobia is a traditional locally made fermented beverage consumed in Saudi Arabia and made by the fermentation of wheat. We aimed to measure ethanol concentration in Sobia beverage stored under different conditions. Forty-eight freshly made Sobia samples were purchased from different vendors. Twenty-four samples were stored at room temperature (RT: 2...

Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled anal...

Objective: Study the association of dietary habits and other indicators of lifestyle with dysglycemia in Saudi adults. Methods : In a cross-sectional design, data were obtained from 1403 Saudi adults (⩾20 years), not previously diagnosed with diabetes. Demographics, lifestyle variables and dietary habits were obtained using a predesigned questionna...

Research Article No. JPMA-2019-01-158 Diet influences levels of plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its soluble receptor (sCD14) in Saudis Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of LPS, sCD14 and hs-CRP, and markers of obesity, and dietary composition of healthy adults residing in Jeddah, Saudi Ara...

Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled ana...

ABSTRACT Objecti ve: Study the association of dietary habits and other indicators of lifestyle with dysglycemia in Saudi adults. Methods : In a cross-sectional design, data were obtained from 1403 Saudi adults (⩾20 years), not previously diagnosed with diabetes. Demographics, lifestyle variables and dietary habits were obtained using a predesigned...

Diet and other lifestyle habits have been reported to contribute to the development of dyslipidemia in various populations. Therefore, this study investigated the association between dyslipidemia and dietary and other lifestyle practices among Saudi adults. Data were collected from adults (≥20 years) not previously diagnosed with diabetes in a cros...

The gut microbiota is often affected by the dietary and lifestyle habits of the host, resulting in a better efficacy that favors energy harvesting from the consumed food. Our objective was to characterize the composition of gut microbiota in adult Saudis and investigate possible association with lifestyle and dietary practices. Feces from 104 Saudi...

Background This is a second part of report on the IFCC global multicenter study conducted in Saudi Arabia to derive reference intervals (RIs) for 20 immunoassay analytes including five tumor makers, five reproductive, seven other hormones and three vitamins. Methods A total of 826 apparently healthy individuals aged ≥18 years were recruited in thr...

Background: Platelet apheresis is a technique in which whole blood is collected from a donor followed by platelet (PLT) separation. Platelet apheresis has a significant impact on some biochemical indices after donation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of platelet apheresis on complete blood count (CBC) and lymphocyte subsets over a typic...

Aim: To develop a non- invasive risk score to identify Saudis having prediabetes or undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) METHODS: Non-diabetic adult Saudis were recruited randomly using stratified two-stage cluster sampling method. Demographic, dietary, lifestyle variables, personal and family medical history were collected using a questionnaire. Bl...

Background: Platelet apheresis is a technique in which whole blood is collected from a donor followed by platelet (PLT) separation. Platelet apheresis has a significant impact on some biochemical indices after donation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of platelet apheresis on complete blood count (CBC) and lymphocyte subsets over a typi...

Introduction Early detection and treatment of dysglycemia including diabetes and prediabetes is demonstrated to improve disease outcomes and prevent complications. Objective To assess the association of prediabetes with lipid metabolism disorders to clarify whether systematic screening for prediabetes should be proposed for individuals with dyslip...

Background Type 2 diabetes, or T2D, is a metabolic disease that results in insulin resistance. In the present study, we hypothesize that metabolomic analysis in blood samples of T2D patients sharing the same ethnic background can recover new metabolic biomarkers and pathways that elucidate early diagnosis and predict the incidence of T2D. Methods...

This paper presents a longitudinal study of breastfeeding at two private hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Soliman Fakeeh (SF) follows the WHO's baby-friendly hospital initiative (BFHI), Saudi Germany Hospital (SGH) does not. Participants were 102 women in both hospitals (52 BFHI, 50 non-BFHI). Two semi-quantitative questionnaires, translated into...

Background There is an increasing demand for serum 25‐OH VitD testing globally, and this has led to the greater use of automated immunoassays. These may be more prone to non‐specific interference, that is thought to be related to pre‐analytical stability of biological samples. We have investigated the changes in serum 25‐OH VitD concentrations that...

Background Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic diseases, and its prevalence and trends vary among populations. Saudi Arabia shows a greater rise in prevalence than many other countries. We aimed to study the association between several chronic disorders, demographic, and lifestyle factors with increased body mass index (BMI) in the adult popu...

A large-scale DNA-based assay, namely SNaPshot, was developed and validated for the determination of allelic polymorphisms of genes associated with type II diabetes (T2D) mellitus disease in Saudi patients. The new approach is alternative to phenotyping and physiological diagnosis. The assay includes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of seven...

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities1,2. This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity3–6. Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and...

Objectives: To investigate the degree and factors responsible for adherence to a Mediterranean diet among non-diabetic patients attending primary health care centres (PHCCs). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jeddah PHCCs using a validated self-administered questionnaire which assessed adherence levels to 14 dietary aspects relat...

Background: There is relatively little information about endogenous biochemical changes in a response to plateletpheresis in healthy donors. We aimed to investigate the changes in different biochemical parameters including glycemic status, insulin resistance, iron status, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers after plateletpheresis in healthy ma...

Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive pop...

Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hype...

Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hyp...

Background: There is relatively little information about endogenous biochemical changes in a response to plateletpheresis in healthy donors. We aimed to investigate the changes in different biochemical parameters including glycemic status, insulin resistance, iron status, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers after plateletpheresis in healthy mal...

Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those...

BACKGROUND:Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends...

Background: Increased blood pressure is often a consequence of obesity. However, other disease states, as well as some lifestyle practices may lead to hypertension. Even though measurement of blood pressure is a simple routinely conducted procedure, hypertension may remain undetected in a large percentage of the population. Hypertension is a risk f...

Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128•9 million children, adolescents, and adults NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)* Summary Background Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated w...

Background Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare tr...

Background: Prevention of osteoporosis begins in childhood and adolescence, as most bone mass is accumulated during the first 2 decades of life, with 90% to 95% of an adult's bone mineral content being achieved by the end of adolescence. Therefore, targeting modifiable behaviors among adolescents has an important effect on attaining adequate peak...

The aim was to investigate effect of chitosan on markers of obesity and cardiometabolic risk in rats fed normal chow (NC) or high-fat/high-cholesterol diet (HF/HCD). Forty male rats were fed NC or HF/HCD for 3 months, then divided into 4 groups: group A fed NC, group B: NC + chitosan, group C: HF/HCD, and group D: HF/HCD + chitosan. Food intake and...

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is an enterokine derived from the ileum, and synthesized in response to release of bile acids following food ingestion. It was proposed to be an important regulator of the postprandial adaptive metabolic response. by stimulating glycogen and protein synthesis in the liver, and down regulating glucose...

Background: Obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MS) are highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, increasing the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Oligonol produced from lychee fruit polyphenols (LFP) has been reported to reduce visceral obesity, and ameliorate MS in Japanese subject. Aim: To investigate the effect of oligono...

Background During the fasting month of Ramadan, practicing Saudis develop severe disturbances in sleeping and feeding patterns. Concomitantly, cortisol circadian rhythm is abolished, diurnal cortisol levels are elevated and circulating levels of several adipokines are altered favouring insulin resistance. Aim To examine changes in the expression o...

Biochemical data. (PDF)

QPCR data. (PDF)

Whole blood donation has immunomodulatory effects, and most of these have been observed at short intervals following blood donation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of whole blood donation on lymphocyte subsets over a typical inter-donation interval. Healthy male subjects were recruited to study changes in complete blood count (CBC) (n ¼...

Aims: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with metabolic syndrome (MS) increasing their risk. We aimed to investigate the effects of oligonol on cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy overweight and obese Saudi females. Study Design: A double blind case/control design. Place and Duration of St...

Background: Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood...

Background Obesity is a global health problem, increasing susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Varieties of products have been proposed for treatment with varying degrees of success. Recent studies, suggested Oligonol; an optimized phenolic product mixture from Lychee Fruit Polyphenols (LFP); as such treatment...

Background Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood p...

Cultural beliefs and practices, and improper use of medications of Saudis may be associated with poor nutritional status. to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of Saudi adults regarding possible effects of selected food combinations, and effects of medications on nutritional status, in association with gender, age and educational level. A ques...

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among management modality, glycemic control, components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and serum levels of γ glutamyl transferase (GGT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: Patients with T2DM, not suffering from diabetes complications, wer...

Obesity, a global epidemic of the modern era, is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes. The pervasiveness of obesity and overweight in both developed as well as developing populations is on the rise and placing a huge burden on health and economic resources. Consequently, research to control this emerging epidemic is of utmos...

Obesity, a global epidemic of the modern era, is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes. The pervasiveness of obesity and overweight in both developed as well as developing populations is on the rise and placing a huge burden on health and economic resources. Consequently, research to control this emerging epidemic is of utmos...

Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in S...

Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in S...

Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in S...

Aim: To compare the effect of different treatment regimens (oral hypoglycemic agents [OHGs], insulin therapy, and combination of both) on glycemic control and other cardiometabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Saudi. Subjects and methods: Patients with T2DM, but no serious diabetic complications, were randomly recr...

The relationship of management modality in Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes to components of metabolic syndrome, γ glutamyl transferase and highly sensitive C-reactive protein

The aim was to investigate effect of chitosan on markers of obesity, and cardiometabolic risk in rats fed normal chow (NC), or high fat/high cholesterol diet (HF/HCD). Forty male rats were fed NC or HF/HCD for three months, then divided into four groups: group A fed NC, group B: NC+chitosan, group C: HF/HCD, and group D: HF/HCD+chitosan. Food intak...

Background: Type 2 (T2DM) is believed to be common in Saudi Arabia, but data are limited. In this population survey, we determined the prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes. Materials and methods: A representative sample among residents aged ≥ 18 years of the city of Jeddah was obtained comprising both Saudi and non-Saudi families (N = 1420). Data...

Background: A high percentage of Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are poorly controlled. Insulin therapy is reported to lead to better glycemic control of T2DM in other populations. The latest “Saudi National Reference For Diabetes Mellitus Guidelines In Primary Health Care” recommends the use of insulin in patients not able to reach glyc...

Published in the endocrine reviews journal http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-meetings.2016.DGM.22.FRI-703

Studies on lifetime risk of the range of glucose impairments are scarce. A new study by Ligthart and colleagues reports that half of all people who initially have normal blood levels of glucose eventually develop prediabetes mellitus and most of these individuals progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus, with 9% eventually requiring insulin therapy.

Diabetes education is the cornerstone in any diabetes management plan. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) produces educational material ; in English mainly; of high standards, which is freely available on line for use globally. Using any language other than the mother tongue may impact the educational process, isolating people with diabetes, a...

This study is a part of the IFCC-global study to derive reference intervals (RIs) for 28 chemistry analytes in Saudis. Healthy individuals (n=826) aged ≥18 years were recruited using the global study protocol. All specimens were measured using an Architect analyzer. RIs were derived by both parametric and non-parametric methods for comparative purp...

Background: Each year Muslims fast from dawn to sunset for 1 month (Ramadan). In Saudi Arabia, the sleep-wake cycle during Ramadan is severely disturbed and is associated with abolition of the circadian cortisol rhythm, exposing Saudis to continuously increased cortisol levels, which may influence the immune response. In addition to cortisol, slee...