Sudip Bajpeyi

• PhD
• Professor (Associate) at The University of Texas at El Paso

Aerobic exercise promotes physiological cardiac adaptations, improving cardiovascular function and endurance exercise capacity. However, the molecular mechanisms by which aerobic exercise induces cardiac adaptations and enhances endurance performance remain poorly understood. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-5 (MKP-5) is highly e...

Purpose To compare strength and muscle mass development between conventional resistance training (RT) and a combined resistance training with neuromuscular electrical stimulation group (RT + NMES). Methods Searches of EBSCO, GoogleScholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate were conducted for studies that met the inclusion criteria of being a randomized con...

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is defined by an elevated 2-hour plasma glucose (≥140 and <200 mg/dL) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). IGT is a risk factor for diabetes development and is also classified as prediabetes according to ADA guidelines. Mexican-Americans have 1.9 times greater prevalence of diabetes compared to non-Hispanic...

Background Physical inactivity increases the risk for metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an effective method to induce muscle contraction, particularly for populations with physical impairments and/or metabolic diseases. However, its effectiveness to improve glycemic control is unc...

Purpose Smaller lipid droplet morphology and GLUT 4 protein expression have been associated with greater muscle oxidative capacity and glucose uptake, respectively. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an acute long-duration exercise bout on skeletal muscle lipid droplet morphology, GLUT4, perilipin 3, and perilipin 5 expre...

Subclinical inflammation is implicated in cardio-metabolic conditions such as impaired glucose metabolism, diabetes, and hypertension. Neutrophils are first line of immune defense call and play a role in systemic inflammation. We therefore hypothesized that neutrophil quantity will be positively associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors among i...

Resistance training (RT) has long been shown to improve muscular strength and muscle mass, which are strongly associated with better metabolic and cardiovascular health and quality of life. RT is widely recommended for people of all ages and can be scaled to be performed by people of various strength and ability levels. Neuromuscular electrical sti...

Muscle contraction during physical activity improves glucose metabolism and glycemic control by facilitating muscle glucose uptake and utilization. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an involuntary alternative mode of muscle contraction and is widely applicable and suitable for individuals with sedentary lifestyle including people with...

Elevated resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. Unmanaged diabetes is associated with high blood pressure and high resting heart rate. Persistent high blood glucose levels in diabetes is known to contribute to the dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system including cardiovascular autonomic nerve fib...

Doxorubicin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat a variety of cancers. However, the clinical application of doxorubicin is limited due to its adverse effects on several tissues. One of the most serious side effects of doxorubicin is cardiotoxicity, which results in life-threatening heart damage, leading to reduced cance...

Resistance training (RT) has long been shown to increase muscle strength and muscle mass and is widely recommended for people of all ages and ability levels. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an involuntary mode of inducing muscle contractions that has been used to prevent muscle immobility, weakness, strength loss, and muscle loss in...

Resistance training (RT) has long been shown to increase muscle strength and muscle mass and is widely recommended for people of all ages and ability levels. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an involuntary mode of inducing muscle contractions that has been used to prevent muscle immobility, weakness, strength loss, and muscle loss in...

BACKGROUND Aerobic capacity or maximum oxygen consumption rate (VO2max) is accepted as the single best indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness. VO2max is also an indicator of metabolic health and known as an all-cause mortality predictor. It is well established that glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes is associated w...

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting BCR::ABL1 have turned chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) from a fatal disease into a manageable condition for most patients. Despite improved survival, targeting drug-resistant leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) remains a challenge for curative CML therapy. Aberrant lipid metabolism can have a large impact on membr...

Hispanics are affected at a greater rate, with 14.3% diagnosed or predicted to have type 2 diabetes, and 50% more likely to die from diabetes compared to non-Hispanic Whites. El Paso, located at the border region of Texas and Mexico, have predominantly Hispanic population (∼87%) , faces significant health concerns associated with diabetes. Purpose:...

PurposeIndividuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes (FH +) have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as biomarkers of type 2 diabetes risk. Here, we investigated if four circulating miRNAs related to glucose metabolism were altered in men with a FH + and we conducted a prelimin...

The fatigue index is considered an important indicator of anaerobic fitness. The lower the fatigue index, the greater the ability of the body to maintain its power output through an anaerobic performance. The Wingate test is widely used by coaches, athletes, and researchers to measure lower body power, anaerobic capacity, and fatigue index. Body co...

The shape of glucose curve during an oral glucose tolerance test is a plausible risk factor for insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders and could be a potential biomarker for predicting risk for developing diabetes. PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the glucose tolerance and substrate utilization between monophasic and biphasic glucose...

Introduction/Purpose: Most U.S. adults (54%) do not meet minimum exercise recommendations by American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a novel alternate strategy to induce muscle contraction. However, effectiveness of NMES to improve insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure is unclear. The purpose...

Diabetes has often been indicated as one of the comorbidities in COVID-19 patients. Although infection with COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs causing respiratory complications, other organs are affected including the liver and kidney. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of diabetes status, liver function, and kidney function o...

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting BCR-ABL1 are remarkably effective therapies in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Despite success, TKIs do not target the CML leukemic stem cell (LSC), meaning patients must be treated for life at a high economic burden and often with significant side effects. Our previous work demonstrated a tumor suppresso...

Chronic stress can lead to many systemic complications and low-grade systemic inflammation including increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP is a marker of systemic inflammation and is associated with depression and perceived stress. Elevations can result in weakened immune responses, thereby increasing the...

Diabetes is considered as one of the comorbidities with COVID-19 infection and indicated to influence the severity and the rate of recovery in COVID-19 patients. However, it is not known whether the lack of diabetes management may magnify COVID-19 severity and the rate of recovery in patients with diabetes. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to...

Determine the effects of acute and chronic glycemic control on severity and length of hospital stay among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: Cardiac remodeling occurs in response to pathological stimuli including chronic pressure overload, subsequently leading to heart failure. Despite considerable research efforts, the molecular mechanisms responsible for heart failure have yet to be fully elucidated. One of the prominent signaling pathways involved in the development of...

Most U.S. adults do not meet minimum exercise recommendations by ACSM. We and others have shown an increase in GLUT4 protein and glucose uptake with electrical stimulation induced muscle contraction using an in vitro cell culture model. However, effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in humans to improve insulin sensitivity is...

Introduction: A family history of type 2 diabetes (FH+) is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, it remains unknown whether exercise-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility are impacted by a FH+. Therefore, we investigated whether improvements in insulin sensitivity...

Mitochondrial respiratory states and rates MitoEAGLE Task Group

The glucose response curve of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been associated with insulin sensitivity. A monophasic curve has been shown to be more prevalent in hyperglycemic and T2D population. However, it is unknown whether shape of curve in a healthy normoglycemic population can be indicative of risk for developing T2D. Purpose: We ai...

Physical activity is effective in improving insulin sensitivity in an obese and type 2 diabetic population (T2D). However, most Americans do not adhere to the ACSM exercise guidelines. The effectiveness of different exercise modes to improve insulin sensitivity in an obese and T2D is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was 1) to compare t...

A family history of Type 2 Diabetes (FH) is considered a risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Exercise training is a powerful preventive strategy for this disease progression. Circulating micro‐RNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of signaling molecules that have recently been linked to regulation of insulin sensitivity (IS) and various...

Metabolic flexibility to lipid (MetFlex-lip) is the capacity to adapt lipid oxidation to lipid availability. Hypothetically, impaired MetFlex-lip in skeletal muscle induces accumulation of lipid metabolites that interfere insulin signaling. Our aim was to compare MetFlex-lip during exercise in subjects with low (Low_IS) vs. high (High_IS) insulin s...

Aims/hypotheses: Reduced mitochondrial capacity in skeletal muscle has been observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes. In humans, the aetiology of this abnormality is not well understood but the possibility that it is secondary to the stress of nutrient overload has been suggested. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether sustained overfeeding d...

Objective: Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) is inversely related to insulin sensitivity in sedentary populations, yet no prospective studies in humans have examined IMCL accumulation with overfeeding. Methods: Twenty-nine males were overfed a high-fat diet (140% caloric intake, 44% from fat) for 8 weeks. Measures of IMCL, whole-body fat oxidation f...

Endurance exercise has been shown to improve lipid oxidation and increase mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle: two features that have shown dependence on increased expression of the PPAR gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC1α). It is also hypothesized that exercise related alterations in PGC1α expression occur through epigenetic regulation of nucle...

Aims: Pioglitazone (Pio) is known to improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. However, the role of Pio in skeletal muscle lipid metabolism and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity is not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chronic Pio treatment on skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity in individuals with type 2 diabe...

Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of passaging on retention of donor phenotypic characteristics in primary human myotubes. Methods: Primary muscle cultures and serial passaged myotubes from physically active, sedentary lean, and individuals with type 2 diabetes were established. Maximal ATP synthesis capacity (ATPm...

The sirtuins represent a class of proteins first discovered orthologus to the yeast silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) protein that have been retained in mammalian species. Currently, seven sirtuins have been identified in humans, and their functions currently surpass their originally identified role as histone deacetylase and chromatin silencer...

Purpose: Myokines have been shown to affect muscle physiology and exert systemic effects. We endeavored to investigate a panel of myokine mRNA expression following a single exercise bout (Study 1) and 2) to measure myokine mRNA in primary human myotubes in an in vitro exercise model (Study 2). Methods: Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtai...

The role of perilipin 3 (PLIN3) on lipid oxidation is not fully understood. We aimed to 1) determine if skeletal muscle PLIN3 protein content is associated with lipid oxidation in humans, 2) understand the role of PLIN3 in lipid oxidation by knocking down PLIN3 protein content in primary human myotubes, and 3) to compare PLIN3 content and its role...

Interindividual responses to exercise training exist in PGC1α gene expression and may be due to plasticity of epigenetic modifications. Here, we determined if exercise‐induced variation in PGC1 α DNA methylation was associated with interindividual responses in ‐1N position, gene expression and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content. Sedentary, lean...

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with reduced adipose tissue lipolysis that can be rescued by aerobic exercise. We aimed to identify differences in the gene expression of perilipins and associated targets in adipose tissue in women with PCOS before and after exercise. Design and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional st...

Objective: The presence of large subcutaneous adipocytes in obesity has been proposed to be linked with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes through the "adipose tissue expandability" hypothesis, which holds that large adipocytes have a limited capacity for expansion, forcing lipids to be stored in nonadipose ectopic depots (skeletal muscle, liv...

Skeletal muscle PGC1α expression is epigenetically regulated by promoter methylation. Methylation status at the ‐260 nucleotide (nt) within the promoter plays an important regulatory role in determining PGC1α expression and consequently mitochondrial number and function and insulin sensitivity. Here we identified ‐1 nucleosome (‐1N) position within...

Lipid droplet-associated proteins such as perilipin 3 (PLIN3) and coatomer GTPase proteins (GBF1, ARF1, Sec23a, and ARFRP1) are expressed in skeletal muscle but little is known so far as to their regulation of lipolysis. We aimed here to explore the effects of lipolytic stimulation in vitro in primary human myotubes as well as in vivo following an...

Context: In animal models of obesity, chronic inflammation and dysregulated extracellular matrix remodeling in adipose tissue leads to insulin resistance. Whether similar pathophysiology occurs in humans is not clear. Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether 10% weight gain induced by overfeeding triggers inflammation and extracellul...

Objective This study investigated the relationship between in-vitro lipid content in myotubes and in-vivo whole body phenotypes of the donors such as insulin sensitivity, intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), physical activity and oxidative capacity. Design and Methods Six physically active donors were compared to 6 sedentary lean and 6 T2DM. Lipid cont...

Because day-to-day food intake varies, we tested the hypothesis that ad libitum food intake and energy expenditure show corrective responses over periods of 1 to 10 days in healthy young women. Food intake and accelerometry measurements were collected daily for 17 days in 15 young women. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) using doubly labeled wa...

Satellite cells can be isolated from skeletal muscle biopsies, activated to proliferating myoblasts and differentiated into multinuclear myotubes in culture. These cell cultures represent a model system for intact human skeletal muscle and can be modulated ex vivo. The advantages of this system are that the most relevant genetic background is avail...

Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) and perilipin 3 (PLIN3) have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of lipid droplet dynamics. Our aim was to understand changes in PLIN2 and PLIN3 protein content with increased lipid utilization during both in vitro and in vivo models of exercise. Pharmacological treatment (30μM palmitate, 4μM forskolin, 0.5μM io...

Objective: This study investigated the disparity between muscle metabolic rate and mitochondrial metabolism in human muscle of sedentary vs. active individuals. Research design and methods: Chronic activity level was characterized by a physical activity questionnaire and a triaxial accelerometer as well as a maximal oxygen uptake test. The ATP a...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of exercise training on intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content and test the hypothesis that the effect of endurance-oriented exercise training on IMCL is dependent on characteristics of the population studied. Lean (N = 11, body mass index (BMI) = 22.2 ± 0.7 kg·m–2), obese (N = 14, BMI = 38....

The concept of "metabolic inflexibility" was first introduced to describe the failure of insulin-resistant human subjects to appropriately adjust mitochondrial fuel selection in response to nutritional cues. This phenomenon has since gained increasing recognition as a core component of the metabolic syndrome, but the underlying mechanisms have rema...

Aging is associated with insulin resistance and unfavorable changes in body composition including increased fat accumulation, particularly in visceral and ectopic depots. Recent studies suggest that skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity may underlie some age-associated metabolic abnormalities. Our objective was to measure mitochondrial capacity an...

Oligonucleotide sequences for primer/probe sets used for qRT-PCR. ND1 and LPL were used as indicators of mtDNA content. ND1, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1; LPL, lipoprotein lipase. For all other gene expression assays the ribosomal phosphoprotein large P0 gene RPLP0 was used as the internal control. SREBP-1b, sterol responsive element binding protei...

Disturbances in lipid metabolism are strongly associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that activation of cAMP/PKA and calcium signaling pathways in cultured human myotubes would provide further insight into regulation of lipid storage, lipolysis, lipid oxidation and insulin responsiveness. Human myoblasts were...

Reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial density is proposed to lead to impaired muscle lipid oxidation and increased lipid accumulation in sedentary individuals. We assessed exercise-stimulated lipid oxidation by imposing a prolonged moderate-intensity exercise in men with variable skeletal muscle mitochondrial density as measured by citrate synthase...

Drugs that improve chronic hyperglycemia independently of insulin signaling or reduction of adiposity or dietary fat intake may be highly desirable. Ad36, a human adenovirus, promotes glucose uptake in vitro independently of adiposity or proximal insulin signaling. We tested the ability of Ad36 to improve glycemic control in vivo and determined if...

An ATP-Mg2+/Pi inner mitochondrial membrane solute transporter (SLC25A25), which is induced during adaptation to cold stress in the skeletal muscle of mice with defective UCP1/brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, has been evaluated for its role in metabolic efficiency. SLC25A25 is thought to control ATP homeostasis by functioning as a Ca2+-regulated...

The objective of this study was to determine the role of maximum mitochondrial capacity on the variation in insulin sensitivity within a population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fifty-eight participants enrolled in a cross-sectional design: eight active controls [maximum aerobic capacity (VO(2max)) > 40 ml/kg · min], 17 healthy...

In mammals, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is responsible for the first and rate-limiting step in the conversion of nicotinamide to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). NAD+ is an obligate cosubstrate for mammalian sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), a deacetylase that activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alph...

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with elevated intramyocellular lipids (IMCLs) and insulin resistance. We tested the hypothesis that skeletal muscle lipases activity could influence IMCL content (including diacylglycerol and ceramides). The present study included 48 subjects with a wide range of age (19-68 yr) and body mass index (20-45 k...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise prescriptions differing in volume or intensity also differ in their ability to retain insulin sensitivity during an ensuing period of training cessation. Sedentary, overweight/obese subjects were assigned to one of three 8-mo exercise programs: 1) low volume/moderate intensity [equivalent...

Increased intramyocellular triglyceride (IMTG) content is found in both insulin-sensitive endurance-trained subjects and insulin-resistant obese/type 2 diabetic subjects. A high turnover rate of the IMTG pool in athletes is proposed to reduce accumulation of lipotoxic intermediates interfering with insulin signaling. IMTG turnover is a composite me...