Suchitra Shenoy

• MBBS, MD (MICROBIOLOGY)
• Professor at Manipal Academy of Higher Education

Background: Sealers with antimicrobial properties play an important role in endodontic therapy success especially against Enterococcus faecalis infection found in failed root canal therapy. Addition of antibiotic agents to endodontic sealers may show significant increase in their antibacterial properties both against anaerobic and aerobic microbes....

Background: Sealers with antimicrobial properties play an important role in endodontic therapy success especially against Enterococcus faecalis infection found in failed root canal therapy. Addition of antibiotic agents to endodontic sealers may show significant increase in their antibacterial properties both against anaerobic and aerobic microbes....

Objectives This study aimed to detect heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from healthcare-associated infections and identify staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types. Methods This study was conducted from February 2019 to March 2020 and included pati...

Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026 Global Burden of Disease 2021 Health Financing Collaborator Network † Show footnotesOpen AccessPublished:January 24, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00007-4 Summary Background The COVID-19 pandemic h...

Purpose To study the infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with emphasis on heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients and their comparison. Patients and Methods S. aureus strains isolated from diabetic and non-diabetic patients admitted in four tertiary care hosp...

Background: Levonadifloxacin (intravenous) and alalevonadifloxacin (oral prodrug) are novel antibiotics based on benzoquinolizine subclass of fluoroquinolone, licensed for clinical use in India in 2019. The active moiety, levonadifloxacin, is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with a high potency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus. aureus, mult...

Background: The global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively as it has been in children younger than 5 years. We assessed the burden and trends of LRIs and risk factors across all age groups by sex, for 204 countries and territor...

Background: Combating viral hepatitis is part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and WHO has put forth hepatitis B elimination targets in its Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (WHO-GHSS) and Interim Guidance for Country Validation of Viral Hepatitis Elimination (WHO Interim Guidance). We estimated the global, regional, a...

Background: The study was conducted to compare and evaluate the disinfecting efficacy of four different herbal oils with standard autoclaving against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Fifty round burs were infected with E. faecalis and dipped into the chemical test solution for 10 min. The disinfecting efficacy for each test chemical was checke...

Background: Hospital acquired infections (HAI) in the cirrhotic patients contribute to hepatic decompensation. With emergence of bacterial drug resistance, designing the treatment protocol of HA infection has become the foremost challenge. Purpose: To analyze the resistance pattern of organisms isolated from hospital-acquired (HA) infections and...

Introduction Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is an autoimmune disorder that can present in primary or secondary forms. The literature looking at impact of baseline FANA positivity on outcomes of AIHA patients is infrequent. Objective To study the impact of baseline FANA positivity in patients with primary AIHA. Method A prospective cohort st...

Background: Seventy million people are affected by gastroenteral (GI) disturbances throughout the world. Oral cavity possesses various bacteria that remain as healthy commensals or turn pathogenic due to shift of balance with disturbances in health, which is reflected in the oral cavity too. Studies have shown a possible oro-systemic link. This st...

Background It is crucial for the frontline force such as health care workers to be up-to-date with the knowledge of the trend of COVID-19 pandemic and its epidemiology. We conducted this study to assess the knowledge, awareness and perception of health care workers towards the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We performed a cross-sectional survey in the...

Background The study was performed to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community towards antibiotic use and resistance. Methods The data was collected from 515 participants from the general public with a pre-tested, validated, Likert-scale based self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed to the partici...

The study was carried out to estimate the burden and pattern of antibiotic resistance and to identify antibiotic resistance genes with focus on ESBL producers, plasmid mediated quinolone resistance, and tetracycline efflux genes, in faecal bacterial isolates collected from poultry farms of coastal Southern Karnataka, India. High resistance to fluor...

Introduction In India, infectious diseases are a leading treatable cause of morbidity and mortality. Mangalore being endemic to many vector‐borne diseases, their incidence is known to show seasonal variations with sharp increase during monsoon. Leucocytes have substantial role in the immunological pathogenesis of infections. Methods The present se...

Background H1N1 is known to cause periodic seasonal flu in the Indian subcontinent since 2009. The clinical course and the underlying immunity of the host contribute to the development of secondary bacterial infections in the infected patients. Objectives This study aims at analyzing the secondary bacterial infections in confirmed H1N1 cases admit...

Aim: In this study, we aim to evaluate the perception and practice of IPC measures by Radiologists during pre-COVID and present COVID times, while conducting a thorough review of current concepts and literature, to provide a standard operating procedure (SOP) for radiology operations. Methods: This study was conducted by Department of Radiodiagn...

Objectives: Dengue fever, being hyperendemic with analogous presentations as in many other acute febrile illnesses, poses a challenge in diagnosis during the acute stage. Additionally, the coexistence of multiple serotypes further complicates the disease prognosis. The study was undertaken to determine the dengue virus serotypes, clinical, and lab...

•CB-NAAT performance compared in 831 suspected pulmonary and extrapulmonary suspected cases.•The conventional stained smear and CB-NAAT results were compared to the MGIT culture.•Sensitivity and specificity of CB-NAAT was 84.43% and 94.93%.•The rapid results from CB-NAAT confirms its use in the tuberculosis diagnostic algorithm.•The benefits of dis...

Objectives Due to the surge in the demand for N95 masks during the current pandemic of Covid-19, and considering the situation in countries grappling with acute shortages in N95 masks, we investigated the possibilities of decontamination and reuse. Methods Three N95 masks of different makes (A, B and C), were subjected to 6 decontamination methods...

Objectives: Levonadifloxacin is a novel benzoquinolizine subclass of quinolone with broad-spectrum activities against problematic pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, quinolone-resistant S. aureus, vancomycin intermediate S. aureus, and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus. Levonadifloxacin and its oral prodrug, alalevonadifloxa...

We hereby report a successfully salvaged eye due to mycotic keratitis by Cylindrocarpon lichenicola in a 60-year-old female from Kasaragod (Kerala). The patient came with a history of pain, photophobia and decreased vision of the right eye. The microbiological investigations of the corneal scraping revealed C. lichenicola. C. lichenicola is a soil...

The COVID 19 Pandemic is the most defining health care crisis of the present times. It has challenged the health care facilities, overwhelmed the health care personnel and baffled the scientists and researchers. There is no quick fix in a pandemic of this proportion. The past four months has seen many new aspects of this disease, and newer evolving...

Easy-to-apply set of principles for selecting the right antibiotic Antibiotic Basics for Clinicians, Second Edition, shows you how to apply your knowledge of pharmacology and microbiology in order to select the appropriate antibiotic. Rather than rely on rote memorization, you'll learn the underlying rationale for treatment of common infectious dis...

Background: Levonadifloxacin is a novel antibiotic belonging to the benzoquinolizine subclass of fluoroquinolones with potent activity against MRSA and quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. IV levonadifloxacin and its oral prodrug alalevonadifloxacin have recently been approved in India for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin struc...

Objectives: The study was aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial efficacy of 20% Punica granatum, 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate, and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite used alone or in combinations against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and methods: Aqueous extract of pomegranate peel was prepared in the Pharmacology Departmental Laboratory. A total...

Background Emergence of resistance to some antibiotics in Haemophilus influenzae a respiratory pathogen is a cause of concern. The aim is to study the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Haemophilus isolates from respiratory infections with reference to beta-lactam resistance. Methods This is a laboratory based prospective study done in the depar...

Background: Malaria continues to be a devastating disease in India and Mangaluru is endemic to malaria. The success of malaria control programmes has been directly proportional to the awareness in the community; hence this study has been conducted to assess patients’ knowledge, attitude and practices towards the disease and its prevention. Methodol...

Purpose: Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum is mainly detected in resource-limited tuberculosis-endemic countries by acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining and identifying sputum-derived cultures. PCR techniques are practical only in well-resourced laboratories. We investigated the application of a rapid, simple and inexpensive fluorescence in situ hy...

Background: Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) are responsible for increased resistance to third generation cephalosporins. Proteus species is an important cause of both community acquired and nosocomial infections. The Proteus spp is usually susceptible to beta lactam drugs but there is progressive increase in beta lactam resistance and rec...

Objective: Acinetobacter species is an important cause of community as well as nosocomial infections with a high mortality rate. The study was done to analyze the risk factors associated with Acinetobacter infections and their outcomes. Methods: The clinical details of 100 patients having infections with Acinetobacter species over a period of 1-yea...

Introduction: Resistance to Carbapenems in Klebsiella may be due to Carbapenem hydrolysing enzymes. Accurate detection of carbapenemase must be done for patient treatment and epidemiological purposes. Aim: To detect carbapenemase production by performing Modified Hodge Test (MHT), Combined Disk Test (CDT) for Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBL) and PCR f...

Background Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is the 6th most frequently occurring cancer worldwide, with over 400,000 cases projected annually. Multiple factors such as tobacco, alcohol, irradiation, virus, and chronic irritants are involved in the development of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). The most important risk factors are...

Purpose: Escherichia coli are the most frequent cause of gram negative bloodstream infection. This study was done to evaluate the association of risk factors, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and detection of TEM, SHV and CTX M genes in the extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing E.coli. Materials and methods: 11,133 blood samples...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common opportunistic pathogen of humans among the Gram-negative bacilli. Clinically, it is associated with nosocomial infections like burns and surgical-site wound infections and remains a major health concern, especially among critically ill and immunocompromised patients. This is a prospective laboratory-based 2 year s...

To identify the source of infection, to study the clinical profile and outcomes of neonates with Burkholderia septicemia and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates. The authors describe a 3 mo outbreak of nosocomial Burkholderia cepacia bacteremia involving 12 neonates. During the outbreak, ventilator humidifier wate...

Chronic rhinosinusitis is one of the commonest health problem encountered in rhinology. Of these allergic fungal rhinosinusitis forms a significant group of patients. Patients commonly present with typical symptoms of sinusitis and the diagnosis is often made after imaging and/ or intraoperatively. We report a rare case of allergic fungal sinusitis...

detected during acute illness when serum aminotransferase activity is elevated and faecal HAV shedding is still occurring. This early antibody response is predominantly of the IgM class and persists for several months, rarely for 6-12 months. During convalescence, however, anti-HAV of the IgG class becomes the predominant antibody. Hepatitis A rema...

In a tropical country like India, fevers are caused by different etiological agents. Rickettsial infections, which have a global distribution is one of the differential diagnosis in such cases and are reported from almost all parts of India. Rickettsial diseases widely vary in severity from self-limited mild illnesses to fulminating life-threatenin...

A 52-year-old male, presented to us with a swelling over plantar aspect of right foot following trauma. Clinically it was a cystic swelling diagnosed as an abscess; ultrasound showed thick walled multilocular collection with thick echogenic debris, following which complete excision of the swelling was done. A part of the swelling was sent for histo...

Background: The adherence of Candida albicans to host cells or polymers such as denture acrylic resin is an essential

Background and Objective: Group B Streptococcal infection is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Early detection of perinatal vagino-rectal (VR) carriage of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is important in the management of newborn infections. The objective of the study was to evaluate Culture, antigen detection and Polymerase chain...

Onychomycosis (fungal nail infection) is caused by three groups of fungal pathogens namely dermatophyte molds (DM), non-DM (NDM) and yeasts. It is primarily a cosmetic problem but may induce impact on quality of life. Clinically it is characterized by five morphologically distinctive types; distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO), superficial...

Context: The emergence of drug resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, the penicillins, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has limited the options for selecting the appropriate antibiotic for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Aims: The The E. coli isolates, which were obtained from the cul...

Cryptococcal meningitis is an AIDS defining illness caused by an encapsulated fungal organism that has more predilections for the immune compromised. This hospital based prospective cohort study was done to analyze clinical and microbiological features of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The study...

A 4 3 ‑ y e a r ‑ o l d m a l e p r e s e n t e d w i t h asymptomatic cutaneous lesions chiefly involving the face, trunk, forearms and legs for the past six months. As the older lesions gradually enlarged, new lesions appeared. Examination revealed multiple asymmetrically distributed, annular, erythematous, indurated plaques with sharply punched...

A 27-year-old male with a history of previous Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was admitted to a tertiary care hospital with fever and pain in the left flank. An ultrasonogram revealed left renal calculi with severe hydronephrosis. A DJ stent was deployed as the patient had clinical signs of sepsis. Once he was clinically stable, the patient was...

Proteus spp are gram negative bacilli which can cause both community acquired and nosocomial infections. This study was conducted to note the antibiotic sensitivity pattern, production of ESBL and AmpC by clinical isolates of Proteus spp in a tertiary care center. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done according to CLSI guidelines. The proteus iso...

Between January 2005 and December 2006, a higher incidence of paratyphoid fever (53.8%) compared to typhoid fever (44.9%) has been observed at a tertiary hospital in South India. A definite seasonal pattern of incidence is seen in paratyphoid fever (peak incidence during October-December, i.e., post monsoon period) but not in typhoid fever. Decreas...

Clinico-microbiological analysis of a series of 25 patients with culture proven melioidosis was done. All patients came from the coastal regions of Kerala and Karnataka and presented between June 2005 to July 2006. They were analysed with respect to clinical presentation, occupation, epidemiology and microbiological features. No single presenting c...

Clinico-microbiological analysis of a series of 25 patients with culture proven melioidosis was done. All patients came from the coastal regions of Kerala and Karnataka and presented between June 2005 to July 2006. They were analysed with respect to clinical presentation, occupation, epidemiology and microbiological features. No single presenting c...

Clinico-microbiological analysis of a series of 25 patients with culture proven melioidosis was done. All patients came from the coastal regions of Kerala and Karnataka and presented between June 2005 to July 2006. They were analysed with respect to clinical presentation, occupation, epidemiology and microbiological features. No single presenting c...

Kaposi's varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum) is the name given to a distinct cutaneous eruption caused by herpes simplex and certain other viruses that infect persons with preexisting dermatosis. Most commonly it is associated with atopic dermatitis. We report a case of a three-year-old atopic child who presented with extensive vesicular eru...

Success of root canal therapy depends on the complete eradication of microflora from the root canal system. A great deal of research is needed to identify and define the role of the pathogens which are involved in the pathogenesis of the periradicular diseases. This will help the endodontist to plan the best treatment by irradiation of pathogens wh...

Enterococci are a frequent cause of wide variety of infections in humans. Enterococcus faecalis has been isolated from endodontic infections like obturated root canals with chronic apical periodontitis. The organism can survive extreme challenges. In this article, we discuss the changed taxonomy, identification characters, pathogenesis of endodonti...

Success of root canal therapy depends on the complete eradication of microflora from the root canal system. A great deal of research is needed to identify and define the role of the pathogens which are involved in the pathogenesis of the periradicular diseases. This will help the endodontist to plan the best treatment by irradiation of pathogens wh...