Suchandra Chatterjee

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre | BARC · Food Technology Division

Marine algal carbohydrate and peptide antioxidants

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.), a tropical vegetable crop, has long been used as a food and medicine. Its unripe fruits have anti-diabetic properties due to charantin, a typical cucurbitane-type triterpenoid. The present study aimed to determine diversity in different nutrient (β-carotene and ascorbic acid) and nutraceutical (chlorophyll, to...

Fishes are highly perishable, mainly stored and transported under frozen condition; however, they are mainly preferred as fresh or in chilled form for consumption because frozen storage compromises the texture quality and other sensory attributes. Shelf-life enhancement of rohu and seer fish steaks was studied using combination of ajwain extract (v...

Fish waste is a source of various nutraceuticals and bioactive compounds like polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), peptides, vitamins and minerals etc. This waste can be utilised for the extraction of fish oil for preparation of value‐added supplements for humans. In this study oil was extracted from wastes (bones, head and viscera) of Basa (Pangas...

Development and Shelf-life Extension of Nutritious RTE Fish Spread using Gamma Irradiation.

Development of Nutritious Ready to Eat Fish Spread from Harpodon Nehereus and its Shelf- Life Extension Using Gamma Irradiation.

Frozen shrimp is a major commodity exported from India. A hurdle technology was employed for the shelf life extension of intermediate moisture (IM) shrimp at ambient temperature. The shrimps were salted (10% w/v), dried in an infra-red dryer (60 °C, 6–8 h) to the moisture level of 30–32%, packaged in PET/POLY (polyethylene terephthalate) bags, subj...

Aims The aim is to search for newer and better antioxidants through kinetic spectroscopic studies in combination with product analysis and computation. Background Antioxidant effect of caffeic acid, its derivative, and analogues have been well reported. The antioxidative efficiencies are related to their molecular structure, and two reaction pathw...

Scientific finding on phenolic content and anti-oxidant properties of Curcuma caesia and Chenopodium album can be useful and interesting as this work may lead to finding new sources for natural anti-oxidants, functional food, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals. A total of seven different types of extracts were investigated for phenolic content of...

Substantial waste is generated from fish processing industries causing pollution and health hazard. Hence, synthesizing biodegradable film from myofibrillar protein dispersion of fish waste was attempted which may serve as “Wealth from Waste”- an eco-friendly initiative. Film dispersions were gamma-irradiated at a dose of 10 (D10) and 25 kGy (D25)...

The noncovalent host–guest interaction of sanguinarine (SGR), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, with a nontoxic, water soluble sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE7βCD, commercially available as Captisol) macrocyclic host has been investigated using ground-state optical absorption, and steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. The pH-d...

The amelioration of antibacterial efficacy along with the reduced minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sanguinarine (SGR) drug have been demonstrated through the uptake of SGR by p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene-functionalized silver nanoparticles. The...

Porphyrins, especially the 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl) porphyrin (TMPyP), are well-accepted as photosensitizers due to strong absorption from visible to near-infrared region, good singlet oxygen quantum yields as well as chemical versatility, all of which can be further modulated through planned supramolecular strategies. In this study,...

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) catalyses the sixth step of glycolysis, and is also known to perform other (moonlighting) activities in animal cells. We have earlier identified an additional GAPDH gene in Trichoderma virens genome. This gene is consistently associated with the vir cluster responsible for biosynthesis of a range of...

The host-guest interactions of a third-generation fluoroquinone, danofloxacin (DOFL), with the macrocyclic host cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) have been investigated at different pH values (~3.5, 7.5, and 10). The photophysical properties have been positively affected, that is, the fluorescence yield and lifetime increased, as well as the photostability of...

Background: In recent decade, researchers aim to exploit the growth regulators from natural sources due to adverse effects posed by chemical fertilizers. Ash gourd waste (peel and seeds) has been traditionally used as a green manure for increasing the soil nutrients. The role of acetoin, a major aroma compound of ash gourd (Benincasa hispida), and...

Various samples of raw (unprocessed) floral honey collected from different geographical locations of India were assayed for its antimutagenicity against ethyl methanesulfonate in E. coli MG1655 cells through rifampicin resistance assay. A monofloral honey ('Pongammia pinnata', local name 'Karanj') displayed maximum antimutagenicity (78.0 ± 1.7; P≤0...

Gliovirin is a strong anti-oomycete and a candidate anticancer compound. It is produced by “P” strains of the plant disease biocontrol fungus Trichoderma virens and is involved in biological control of certain plant pathogens. Even though the compound is known for more than three decades, neither the genes involved nor the biosynthetic pathway are...

Background: In recent decade, researchers aim to exploit the growth regulators from natural sources due to adverse effects posed by chemical fertilizers. Ash gourd waste (peel and seeds) has been traditionally used as a green manure for increasing the soil nutrients. The role of acetoin, a major aroma compound of ash gourd (Benincasa hispida), and...

During in vitro analysis, spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) leaves extracts displayed varying antimutagenicity when analyzed in models including human lymphoblast (TK+/-) cell line (thymidine kinase gene mutation assay) and Escherichia coli MG1655 (rifampicin resistance assay) against chemical (ethyl methanesulfonate and 5-azacytidine) induced mutagen...

Introduction: Fenugreek is known to possess anti-diabetic as well as antioxidant properties known to increase with germination. Previous study from our laboratory has reported vitexin and isovitexin as major antioxidant compounds from germinated fenugreek seeds. The present study aimed to comprehensively assesses and compare their antioxidant activ...

Distribution of volatile constituents in the essential oil of nutmeg obtained by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE), high vacuum distillation (HVD) and super critical fluid extraction (SFE) was compared with reduced pressure distillation (RPD) and head space (HS) analysis. HS and RPD volatiles were characterized by a high content of sabinen...

Amritamehari churnam (AC) is an antidiabetic polyherbal formulation constituting of four herbal medicinal plants namely Phyllanthus emblica, Salacia reticulata, Tinospora cordifolia and Curcuma longa. The feasibility of using gamma irradiation at doses between 2.5 and 10 kGy to reduce microbial load and enhance shelf life of this formulation was in...

Gamma irradiation (0.5–2.5 kGy) in combination with low temperature (4–15 °C) storage was attempted to increase shelf life of ready-to-cook shredded cabbage wrapped in cling films. A maximum extension in shelf life of 8 days, while retaining the microbial and sensory quality, was obtained with an irradiation dose of 2 kGy and storage at 10 °C. Gamm...

Gamma irradiation (0.5–2.5 kGy) in combination with low temperature (4–15 °C) storage was attempted to increase shelf life of ready-to-cook shredded cabbage wrapped in cling films. A maximum extension in shelf life of 8 days, while retaining the microbial and sensory quality, was obtained with an irradiation dose of 2 kGy and storage at 10 °C. Gamm...

The feasibility of using gamma irradiation to reduce microbial load and enhance shelf life of salacia reticulata was investigated. The irradiated and non-irradiated products were stored at room temperature (25-32 °C and 50-85% R.H) for 2 years. Acceptability of the irradiated product was assessed based on sensory, microbial and antioxidant status (...

A simple, biocompatible, eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (NP) was developed using bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) peel extract (BGPE) monitoring ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The as-synthesized silver NPs were of single crystalline phase with a fa...

The anti-oxidant property of various parts of Lagenaria siceraria and its derived fractions were investigated by various assays. Among them crude peel extract showed highest radical scavenging and reducing power activity. Ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated most active due to its highest radical scavenging activity and phenolic content. Twenty seve...

The effect of radiation processing on the sensory quality of fenugreek and papaya exposed to doses in the range of 2.5-10 kGy and 100 Gy-2.5 kGy respectively was investigated. Despite an increase in the content of phenol in the volatile oil of these food products overall sensory quality of the irradiated and control samples was not significantly af...

The phenolics from both control and irradiated (3.0 kGy) dried apricots of Halman variety were identified and quantified by HPLC method using external standards. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of seventeen phenolic acids and eight flavonoids in dried apricots. Among the phenolic acids, ten were hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (HBA), six hydrox...

The antioxidant property of the 70% aqueous ethanol extract of Phyllanthus amarus roots and its ether-soluble, ethyl acetate-soluble and aqueous fractions were investigated by various in vitro assays. The root extracts showed higher DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide, and nitric oxide radical scavenging, and reducing power activity. Among all the samples,...

The ability of ethanol extract of Phyllanthus amarus root (EEPA) to decrease bilirubin level and oxidative stress in phenylhydrazine-induced neonatal jaundice in mice was investigated. Administration of phenylhydrazine (75 mg/kg b.w.) significantly elevated total and unconjugated serum bilirubin level compared to control mice. EEPA (5, 10, and 20 m...

Present study aimed at evaluating antioxidant and radioprotective ability of nutmeg essential oil and to isolate and identify major antioxidant components. Activity guided fractionation to identify major antioxidant compounds were carried out by dot blot tests on TLC. A new index termed as antioxidant activity values (AAV) for calculating contribut...

Germinated fenugreek seeds rich in bioactive antioxidant substances are used extensively as an important ingredient in daily food preparations and herbal formulations. The present study was carried out to isolate and identify active antioxidant principles from germinated fenugreek seeds. The partitioned extracts, column fractions and sub-fractions...

Objective To isolate and identify the antibacterial compound from Aconitum nagarum Stapf., a little known medicinal plant in Manipur (Indo–Himalaya).Methods The enriched alkaloid extract from Aconitum nagarum root was fractionated through silica gel column chromatography and analysed for antibacterial activity against bacterial species including hu...

Radiation treatment in a dose range of 0.5–2.5 kGy in combination with low temperature storage (4–15 °C) was attempted for improvement in shelf life of ready-to-cook (RTC) ash gourd (Benincasa hispida). Parameters such as microbial load, color, firmness and sensory attributes were monitored during storage. Optimum processing conditions (2 kGy; 10 °...

A study of gamma-irradiated Indian medicinal plant products was carried out using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Improved approaches like high-power measurement, microwave saturation, and thermal behavior of the radicals were explored for detection of irradiation. Aswagandha (Withania somnifera), vairi (Salacia reticulata), aml...

Impact of radiation processing on the volatile essential oil profile of papaya (Carica papaya) was investigated. Gamma-radiation processing resulted in the appearance of a new peak in the GLC profile that was identified as phenol. The observed dose dependent increase in phenol content suggested possible use of this compound as a marker for radiatio...

High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a form of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) that provides superior separation power using optimized coating material, novel procedures for mobile-phase feeding, layer conditioning, and improved sample application. It promotes for higher separation efficiencies, shorter analysis time, lower amounts...

Odor can broadly be defined as the sensation of smell perceived by nose. It encompasses both the pleasant sensations such as the appetizing flavor of food and the exotic floral fragrances as well as the unpleasant ones that include the odors emanating from putrefied products of plant and animal origin. It is the characteristic of a substance that m...

Aqueous methanol (80%) extract obtained from irradiated (10 kGy) and non-irradiated fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum graecum) were assessed for their antioxidant activities using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging methods. The extracts were also assayed for their protective activities against Fe 2+-in...

Free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds of ash gourd were investigated. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the free aroma compounds isolated by both steam distillation and high vacuum distillation revealed the presence of acetoin as the major constituent in both the oils. Acetoin was also identified as the major constitu...

Neutral and polar lipids of fenugreek were investigated. Triacylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine were the major molecular species identified in the neutral and polar lipid fractions, respectively. The fatty acid profile was dominated by unsaturated acids, namely oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids accounting for 16.3%, 50% and 24.4%, respectiv...

Impact of radiation processing on the lipid profile of fenugreek and turmeric was investigated. Oleic and linoleic acid were the dominant fatty acids with an appreciable amount of linolenic acid in both cases. Gamma-irradiation did not bring about any significant changes in the fatty acid profile of these spices despite a high content of unsaturati...

Bound volatile compounds of fenugreek were isolated and identified. The glycoside profile was dominated by phenyl glucopyranoside accounting for 90% of the total glycosides. The content of this glycoside as estimated both by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry was found to be approximately...

The volatile essential oils and non volatile glycosides of some commonly used Indian vegetables such as guar beans, French beans and bottle gourd were investigated. The volatile constituents isolated by steam distillation as well as free volatiles released from glycosidic precursors were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Alc...

Increased outbreaks of food-borne illnesses, including deaths in recent years, attributed in large part to consumption of food contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, have become a worldwide concern. Food-borne illnesses constitute an unacceptable health risk demanding stringent food safety controls. Despite food irradiation being a known effec...

A novel fluorescent naphthaquinone derivative was isolated from the hexane extract of commercial nutmeg (Myristica fragrance). The compound was identified as 2-methyl-1,4,4a,8a-tetrahydro-endo-1,4-methanonaphthalene-5,8-dione from its NMR, IR and mass spectral data. Absence of this compound in green nutmeg suggested its formation during sun drying....

Cashew nut samples were irradiated at gamma-radiation doses of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 kGy, the permissible dose range for insect disinfestation of food commodities. A weak and short-lived triplet (g = 2.004 and hfcc = 30 G) along with an anisotropic signal (g perpendicular = 2.0069 and g parallel = 2.000) were produced immediately after irradiation...

Recently, the lignans present in the aqueous extract of fresh nutmeg mace (aril of the fruit of Myristica fragrans) were shown to possess antioxidant properties in cell free systems and protected PUC18 plasmid against radiation-induced DNA damage. The present report describes the immunomodulatory and radiomodifying properties of lignans present in...

Antioxidant potential of phenolic compounds from green pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and lignans from fresh mace (Myristica fragrans) were evaluated for their ability to scavenge 1,1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, inhibit lipid peroxidation and protect plasmid DNA damage upon exposure to gamma radiation. EC50 values of the major phenolic com...

The volatile essential oils from commercial samples of dry turmeric and samples γ-irradiated at a dose of 10 kGy were isolated using simultaneous distillation extraction technique and analyzed by GLC (Gas Liquid Chromatography) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Some of the major compounds identified by GC/MS were α-phellandrene, p-c...

Effect of γ-irradiation (10KGy) on the antioxidant property of turmeric extracts was investigated. γ-irradiated as well as non-irradiated turmeric samples were subjected to successive solvent extraction using hexane, benzene, and 80% aq. methanol. Benzene extract, containing mainly curcuminoids were subjected to column fractionation in order to iso...

Colour power of dry turmeric and three varieties of dry red chillies irradiated to doses of 0, 1, 5 and 10 kGy was estimated periodically during storage up to 1 year at ambient conditions, according to the American Spice Trade Association method. γ-irradiation did not cause any significant change in the colour power values of both turmeric and red...