Suchana Apple Chavanich

Chulalongkorn University · Department of Marine Science

Allelopathy is commonly found in marine sponges. However, information on allelopathic activities of sponge extracts is limited. In this study, variations of nutritional values of Xestospongia sp. were investigated. Xestospongia did not unequally distribute its nutritional values for predatory defense. Carbon–nitrogen contents and renieramycin M con...

The density and diversity of Symbiodiniaceae associated with corals can be influenced by seasonal changes. This study provided the first annual investigation of Symbiodiniaceae density and diversity associated with Acropora humilis and Pocillopora cf. damicornis corals in the Gulf of Thailand using both zooxanthellae cell count and next-generation...

This study aimed to evaluate the microplastics abundance, composition and distribution in Bandon Bay's surface seawater, in southern Thailand. Samples of microplastics were collected from 48 transects using a surface manta trawl at four different estuaries that support human activities. The results showed that the highest microplastic abundance occ...

Southeast Asia is considered to have some of the highest levels of marine plastic pollution in the world. It is therefore vitally important to increase our understanding of the impacts and risks of plastic pollution to marine ecosystems and the essential services they provide to support the development of mitigation measures in the region. An inter...

Circular economy seems a vital enabler for sustainable use of natural resources which is also important for achieving the 2030 agenda for sustainable development goals. Therefore, a special session addressing issues of “sustainable solutions and remarkable practices in circular economy focusing materials downstream” was held at the 16th Internation...

As seawater temperature rises, repeated thermal bleaching events have negatively affected the reefs of the Andaman Sea for over decades. Studies on the coral-associated microbial diversity of prokaryotes and microbial eukaryotes (microbiome) in healthy and bleached corals are important to better understand the coral holobionts that involved augment...

This datasheet on Codium fragile subsp. tomentosoides covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Dispersal, Diagnosis, Biology & Ecology, Environmental Requirements, Natural Enemies, Impacts, Uses, Prevention/Control, Management, Further Information.

In this study, coral disease was first reported in the coral hatchery in Thailand. Disease were usually found on corals aged two to five years old during the months of November to December of each year. To identify bacterial strains, culture-based methods for strain isolation and molecular techniques of the 16S rRNA gene analysis were used. The res...

At Samaesan Island, which is in Chon Buri Province, the Upper Gulf of Thailand, in 2018 we found skunk anemonefish (Amphiprion akallopisos) previously only known from the Andaman Sea that have been establishing their populations in the area at a 4-m depth [...]

Improved access to field survey infrastructure throughout South-East Asia has allowed for a greater intensity of biodiversity surveys than ever before. The rocky bottoms and coral reef habitats across the region have been shown to support some of the highest sea slug biodiversity on the planet, with ever increasing records. During the past ten year...

A symbiosis of bacterial community (sometimes called microbiota) play essential roles in developmental life cycle and health of coral, starting since a larva. For examples, coral bacterial holobionts function nitrogen fixation, carbon supply, sulfur cycling and antibiotic production. Yet, a study of the dynamic of bacteria associated coral larvae d...

Global warming has caused elevated seawater temperature and coral bleaching, including events on shallow reefs in the upper Gulf of Thailand (uGoT). Previous studies have reported an association between loss of zooxanthellae and coral bleaching. However, studies on the microbial diversity of prokaryotes and eukaryotes (microbiome) as coral holobion...

The southeast Andaman Sea 52-m off the west coast of Phang Nga province, Thailand, is located in the Indian Ocean, representing a hotspot for marine biodiversity of the world. This study utilized metagenomics combined 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4) sequencing, and firstly revealed the microbiota and their metabolism potentials of this site at an epipelagic...

A novel bacterium, designated strain ANT13_2 T , was isolated from a phenanthrene-degrading consortium enriched from a soil sample collected near the Great Wall Station located in the southwestern area of King George Island, Antarctica. Following a polyphasic taxonomic study, a novel species belonging to the genus Paeniglutamicibacter was described...

The discovery of multi-species synchronous spawning of scleractinian corals on the Great Barrier Reef in the 1980s stimulated an extraordinary effort to document spawning times in other parts of the globe. Unfortunately, most of these data remain unpublished which limits our understanding of regional and global reproductive patterns. The Coral Spaw...

Zoonosis-based epidemics are inevitable unless we revisit our relationship with the natural world, protect habitats and regulate wildlife trade, including live animals and non-sustenance products. To prevent future zoonoses, governments must establish effective legislation addressing wildlife trade, protection of habitats and reduction of the wildl...

Research in recent years have provided rapid advances in biogeographic and taxonomic documentation of sea slugs around the world. However, efforts are lacking in surveying most coastlines and habitats in South-East Asia. Recent studies from the Gulf of Thailand have indicated that a wealth of unexplored sea slug diversity and ecology may be gained...

Two new species of the genus Chironephthya, C. sirindhornae sp. nov. and C. cornigera sp. nov., are described based on three specimens collected from the Gulf of Thailand. Both species are well distinguished from the previously described species of the genus Chironephthya by their colonies consisting of multiple stems that stand upright from a comm...

The validity and position of the Indo Pacific genus Phestilla Bergh, 1874 (Fionoidea: Trinchesiidae) have been subject of some controversy as a result of several recent studies, which have sequentially synonymized or re-established it. At present, the genus includes eight valid species, the most of them described in the nineteenth and twentieth cen...

2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant categorized as a priority pollutant by the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency, posing adverse health effects on humans and wildlife. Bioremediation is proposed as an eco-friendly, cost-effective alternative to traditional physicochemical remediation techniques. In...

We determined the complete mitochondrial genome sequences of an asteroid Linckia laevigata belonging to the order Valvatida. The complete mitogenome of L. laevigata was 16,371 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNA, and 22 tRNA. The orders of PCGs and rRNAs were identical to those of the recorded mitogenomes of aster...

This study demonstrates the feasibility of using Exiguobacterium sp. AO-11 to remediate oil-contaminated environments. Bioaugmentation using AO-11 showed the best removal percentage, 75%, of 4% (w/w) crude oil in sediment microcosms in 100 days. In terms of the bacterial community structure during crude oil degradation, the addition of AO-11 did no...

In this present study, we investigated the effects of increase and decrease of light intensity and photoperiods on growth, survival, and photosynthetic efficiency in three different corals, Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758), Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834) and Platygyra sinensis (Milne Edwards and Haime, 1849) with different ages (6-, 12...

Populations of sea cucumbers in Thailand have been declining because of overfishing in recent years; however, little is known about the possible long-term effects of this decline on the sea cucumber population and reef communities. The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution patterns and habitat compositions of Holothuria atra in the...

Chlorophenols (CPs) are environmental pollutants that are produced through various anthropogenic activities and introduced in the environment. Living organisms, including humans, are exposed to these toxic xenobiotics and suffer from adverse health effects. More specifically, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is released in high amounts in the environme...

An interlaboratory comparison exercise was conducted to assess the consistency of microplastic quantification across several laboratories. The test samples were prepared by mixing one liter seawater free of plastics, mi-croplastics made from polypropylene, high-and low-density polyethylene, and artificial particles in two plastic bottles, and analy...

Recent studies revealed that reef corals can eat large-sized pelagic and benthic animals in addition to small planktonic prey. As follow-up, we document natural ingestion of sea slugs by corals and investigate the role of sacoglossan sea slugs as possible prey items of scler-actinian corals. Feeding trials were carried out using six sacoglossan spe...

Complete raw data of trials conducted, as separated by prey species. PIOL values indicate Post Ingestion Observation Length in minutes. Consumption scores range from 0 indicating no visible tissue degradation to 1 indicating heavy tissue degradation. (DOCX)

Mean ingestion duration ± standard error (min) for each predator-prey trial. (DOCX)

Mean consumption score ± standard error for each predator-prey trial. (DOCX)

Mean time till rejection ± standard error (min) for each predator-prey trial. (DOCX)

Mean rate of prey transport ± standard error (mm.min-1) for all prey and predators tested. (DOCX)

Morphological and molecular data are presented for the first time in an integrative way for the genus Myja Bergh, 1896. In accordance with the new molecular phylogenies, the traditional Facelinidae is paraphyletic. Herein is presented the phylogenetic placement of true Facelinidae s. str., including the first molecular data for F.auriculata (Müller...

Reefs at Ko Samae San (S), Khao Ma Cho (K), and Ko Tao Mo (T), in the Gulf of Thailand (GoT) represent a biodiversity hotspot, and bacteria play significant roles in maintaining the health of these coral reefs and their biogeochemical cycles. Therefore, this study analyzed bacterial communities (microbiota) from healthy corals and nearby seawater a...

Reef sites of Ko Samae San (S), Khao Ma Cho (K) and Ko Tao Mo (T) in the upper Gulf of Thailand have abundant corals and represent a hotspot of marine biodiversity. Coral reefs serve as major networks of food and energy, where bacteria, microbial eukaryotes (fungi) and small eukaryotes play significant roles as primary producers that convert inorga...

Corals are sensitive to minute changes to their ecosystem; therefore, their sustainability is substantially threatened by the increasing number of destructive anthropogenic activities and unprecedented climate change. Although cryopreservation is an excellent method for cell preservation and conservation, coral cryopreservation has started only in...

Coral reefs are among the most biodiverse habitats on Earth, but knowledge of their associated marinemicrobiome remains limited. To increase the understanding of the coral reef ecosystem in the lower Gulf of Thailand, this study utilized 16S and 18S rRNA gene-based pyrosequencing to identify the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiota present in the...

Pyrotagged 16S and 18S rRNA genes universal primers Italic sequence denotes 8-nt pyrotagged sequence.

Pairwise dissimilarity matrics of Kham summer (A) 16S rDNA and (B) 18S rDNA profiles, to the top 5 highest similarity matric sites The dissimilarity index ranges 0 to 1, in which the closer to 0 means the closer the pairwise community similarity is.

Spearman’s correlation analysis of community associations with shore distance, seawater temperature and salinity Metabolic potentials of the prokaryotic communities among coral reef sites, categorized by subsystems and functional groups (ontology level).

Rarefaction analysis at distance level of 0.20 (A, phylum), 0.10 (B, family), 0.05 (C, genus) and 0.03 (D, species) Different color lines represent the number of annotated 16S rDNA sequencing reads in other published data (Tha Wang, Tham Phang, Kra summer, Kra winter, Northern Line Islands, and random selected GOS).

Spearman’s correlation analysis of community associations with shore distance, seawater temperature and salinity Different color dots denote different types of ocean habitats, e.g., fringing reef, barrier reef, lagoon reef, and coastal. The direction of vector infers the direction of the effect, the length infers the strength of the association in...

This study assessed the microplastic contamination of 3 most abundant sessile and intertidal invertebrates (Rock Oyster: Saccostrea forskalii, Striped Barnacle: Balanus amphitrite, Periwinkle: Littoraria sp.) in 3 beaches of the eastern coasts of Thailand. The results showed a significant accumulation of microplastics in the invertebrates at rates...

The marine sea slug heterobranch fauna from Thailand is composed of a total of 240 species, and Armina semperi is the only representative of the genus Armina recorded in the country. This species, described in the Philippines in the nineteenth century, has an uneasy taxonomic history and appears to be part of a complex of morphologically similar sp...

Degradation and destruction of mangrove forests in many regions have resulted in the alteration of carbon cycling. Objectives of this study were established to answer the question regarding how much soil organic carbon (SOC) is stored in wetland soils in part of the upper northeastern Gulf of Thailand and to what extent SOC is related to organic ma...

This study quantified coastal debris along 3 beaches (Angsila, Bangsaen, Samaesarn) in eastern coast of Thailand. Debris samples were collected from lower and upper strata of these beaches during wet and dry seasons. The results showed that Bangsaen had the highest average debris density (15.5 m− 2) followed by Samaesarn (8.10 m− 2), and Angsila (5...

Fish diversity and abundance were investigated at reefs around Royal Thai naval base, Sattahip area. A total of 46 species in 17 families were recorded in the area. Hin Luk Bet had the highest number of fish species (32 species) while the lowest number of fish species was found at Ko Kham (14 species). Most abundance families were Pomacentridae fol...

This study aims to conduct a quantitative ecological risk assessment of human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in terrestrial soils of King George Island, Antarctica. Generally, the average PAH concentrations detected in King George Terrestrial Soils (KGS) were appreciably lower than those of World Marine Sediments (WMS) and Worl...

Coral reefs can be found in both tropical and subtropical oceans. They provide valuable and vital ecosystem services. Coral reefs also serve as habitat, shelter, and food sources for variety of organisms. Yet some estimated put the total diversity of life found in and on coral reefs at up to two million species. This biodiversity can be transformed...

This study examined the capture rates and prey digestion of three corals species in two genera (Acropora and Pocillopora) found dominantly in Thailand and the Federated States of Micronesia using Artemia salina nauplii as a food source. In addition, feeding during day and night times of corals was investigated. Results showed that all three coral s...

In this study, the ultrastructure of the oocytes of 6 types of scleractinian corals was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, histological and ultrastructural analyses were performed to improve our understanding of the organelles involved in coral oocyte formation. In all 6 stony coral species, the microvilli were tubular an...

The Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) is native to the Pacific coast of Central and South America. This species was first introduced to Thailand in 1998 for aquaculture and as a replacement for Penaeus monodon Fabicius, 1798 because of problems with disease outbreaks and poor growth performance of the latter. Escapes of cultur...

The feeding habits of the Antarctic fish Pseudotrematomus bernacchii (Previous name: Trematomus bernacchii) under the fast ice around Japanese Syowa Station were investigated in the summers of 2004/2005 and 2009/2010. The results showed that amphipods and krill were the major prey. However, there was a significant difference in the proportions of l...

The effects of pH reduction on the settlement and development of the coral Pocillopora damicornis were investigated. Three different pH treatments (pH = 7.6, 7.9, and 8.1) were used. In addition, water quality (temperature, salinity, total alkalinity) around the study site was monitored. The results showed significant differences in the settlement...

This study investigated the effects of temperature and salinity on growth, survival, and photosynthetic efficiency of three coral species, namely, Pocillopora damicornis, Acropora millepora and Platygyra sinensis of different ages (6 and 18 months old). The experimental corals were cultivated via sexual propagation. Colonies were exposed to 5 diffe...

Gorgonian corals are slowly declining due to human interaction and environmental impacts. Cryopreservation of gorgonian corals is an ex-situ method of conservation, ensuring future reproduction. The present study assessed the vitrification properties of cryoprotectant (CPT) mixtures using the cryotop, cryoloop and open pulled straw (OPS) cryoperese...

Organizing, supporting and linking the world marine biodiversity research community - Volume 95 Issue 3 - Mark J. Costello, Philippe Archambault, Suchana Chavanich, Patricia Miloslavich, David M. Paterson, Siew-Moi Phang, Isabel Sousa Pinto, Annelies Pierrot-Bults, Sun Song, Eulogio H. Soto, Nils Chr. Stenseth, Tina N. Molodtsova, Michael Thorndyke