Subramanin Venkataraman

• M.Sc.,MD.,Ph.D,FABMS
• C.L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy

Damodaran.S. and Venkataraman .S.1997.Studies on the experimental and clinical evaluation of Cassia alata .Linn., leaf extract on superficial mycoses. Ph.D. thesis.Dept of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr. A. L. Mudaliar Post – Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani campus, Chennai, India.600113.

+ Damodaran.S. and Venkataraman .S.1997.Studies on the experimental and clinical evaluation of Cassia alata .Linn., leaf extract on superficial mycoses. Ph.D. thesis.Dept of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr. A. L. Mudaliar Post – Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani campus, Chennai, India.600113

The present study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of root bark of Crataeva magna Lour (DC) (EECM) at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was studied for anti-inflammatory activities in different animal models. Anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by using carrageenan induced paw edema model and cotton pellet ind...

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the anti-oxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of Crataeva magna Lour DC. The root bark of Crataeva magna Lour DC belonging to family Capparaceae is used in anti-spasmodic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, anti-protozoal, analgesic purposes. Methods: The ethanolic extract was...

Development of multi drug resistance to available anti microbial agent requires the search for new and alternative drug entities. The aim of the study is to assess the antimicrobial activity and to determine the zone of inhibition and percentage of inhibition of extracts on some bacterial and fungal strains. In the present study, the microbial acti...

Background: Benzodiazepams are mainly used to treat anxiety but these drugs produce serious adverse effects, hence herbal drugs are preferred. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-anxiety activity of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Ficus carica (FC) Linn fruits in swiss albino mice.Methods: Male swiss albino rats weighing 25-30gms...

Ayurveda, the holistic Indian system of health care and longevity has classified the plants withadaptogeneic property as Rasayana drugs. The most widely used Rasayana herbs are Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) and Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) which can be found in drug formulations of both Shastric and Proprietary Ayurvedic medicines. Hundreds o...

Background: Several synthetic drugs are useful in the treatment of peptic ulcer, but almost of these drugs are used in prolonging time, it may cause several adverse reactions. However, the herbal medicines are more potent to the treatment and minimize the side effects. Objective: To evaluate the methanol extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia Linn. (...

Context: Hypoxia injury (HI) with its long-term neurological complications is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Currently, the treatment regimens for hypoxia are aimed only at ameliorating the damage without complete cure. The need, therefore, for novel therapeutic drugs to treat HI continues. Objective: This stu...

Nitric oxide (NO) is a known modulator of angiogenesis. The NONOate subfamily of NO donors has long been used in experimental and clinical studies to promote angiogenesis. However, no studies have been conducted yet to compare the angiogenesis potential of these NO donors in respect to their pattern of NO release. We hypothesize that having differe...

In the Indian traditional system of medicine is commonly used to treat various ailments including peptic ulcer, inflammation, and pain. Ulcer preventive and ulcer protective activities of HAOP and MOP stem bark extracts of (100 mg/kg, b.w., orally) were evaluated employing aspirin + pylorus ligation (APL) model in experimental rats. The results sug...

Objective: The role of herbs against the free radicals have been put forth recently in combating many diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the in vitro capacity and in vivo antioxidant properties of sedimental extract of Tinospora cordifolia (SETc). Materials and Methods: SETcwas subjected to in vitro chemical analysis such as 1,1-diphe...

The herb Cyperus rotundus L (Cyperaceae) is used by the traditional medicine practitioners of ayurvedic medicine in India for CNS disorders like loss of memory, depression and epilepsy. Though some of these properties have been evaluated, stream lined scientific evaluation is lacking to support the possible association between CNS disorders and C....

Hydro alcoholic root extract from Nardostachys jatamansi was investigated for its antioxidant and anti cataleptic effects in the haloperidol-induced catalepsy rat model of the disease by measuring behavioral, biochemical parameters and neurotransmitter levels. Catalepsy was induced by administration of haloperidol (1 mg/kg, i.p) in male wistar rats...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Manasamitra vatakam (MMV), an Ayurvedic formulation, on aluminium (Al)-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were selected for the present study and were divided into four groups of six animals each. Group I (control) received tap water while group II received aluminium chloride (AlCl3, 100 mg/kg/...

Ethanolic root extract from Smilax zeylanica was investigated for its antioxidant and anti cataleptic effects in the haloperidol-induced catalepsy rat model of the disease by measuring behavioral and biochemical parameters. Catalepsy was induced by administration of haloperidol (1 mg/kg, i.p) in male albino rats. A significant (P < 0.01) reduction...

The effect of the aqueous extract (SPE) and powder (SPP) of S. potatorum seeds at the dose of 200 mg.kg−1 p.o. were studied in developing and developed stages of Freunds adjuvant (0.1mL) induced arthritic rats for 14 and 28 days respectively. On day 29, the animals were sacrificed and serum and tissue samples were collected for estimation of lysoso...

The Indian system of medicine provides Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds for the treatment of various ailments like jaundice, bronchitis, diabetes, renal and vesicle calculi, conjunctivitis, chronic diarrhoea, dysentery etc. The present study involves the effect of crude powder (SPP) and aqueous extract (SPE) of S. potatorum Linn seeds on in vivo ant...

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Thespesia populnea Soland. ex. Correa (Malvaceae) leaves were evaluated in animal models. Orally-administered aqueous and ethanol extracts (100, 200 and 400 mg kg⁻¹ bw) showed significant analgesic activity in chemical-, mechanical- and thermally-induced pain test mod...

The aim of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective and antioxidant property of Manasamitra vatakam (MMV) against aluminum (Al)-induced toxicity in rats. The kidney function marker parameters such as serum urea, uric acid, and creatinine were significantly increased in Al-treated rats as compared with controls. Similarly, the antioxidant...

Manasamitra vatakam (MMV) has long been used as a traditional medicine in India for the treatment of psychosomatic diseases, anxiety neurosis, and stress. The present study was designed to examine the neuroprotective effect of MMV against aluminum (Al)-induced memory impairment and oxidative damage in rats. Neurotoxicity was induced by the administ...

Ricinus communis Linn (Euphorbiaceae) plant parts are claimed to be used as carminative, asthma, bronchitis, leprosy, anti-inflammatory, cathartic, and aphrodisiac. The toxicological study was carried out in the root part of the plant. The collected root was extracted with methanol and water. The extracts were vacuum-dried to yield the respective a...

To investigate the effect of Aluminum induced toxicity on behavioral and hematological parameters under the influence of Manasamitra Vatakam (MMV), (an Ayurvedic formulation) in rats Wistar rats were selected for the present study and the animals were divided into four groups containing six animals in each. The Group I st served as control and rece...

Strychnos potatorum Linn (Loganiaceae) is a moderate sized tree found in southern and central parts of India, Sri Lanka and Burma. In traditional system of medicine, Strychnos potatorum Linn seeds were used for various ailments including inflammation, diabetes etc. To investigate the folkloric use of the seeds the present study was carried out on F...

In traditional system of medicine, Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds were used for various ailments like pain, inflammation, anemia, jaundice, bronchitis, diabetes, conjunctivitis, chronic diarrhoea, dysentery etc. To investigate the folkloric use, the present study was carried out to evaluate the antinociceptive and antipyretic activities of seed po...

An aqueous root extract from Nardostachys jatamansi was investigated for its antioxidant and anticataleptic effects in the haloperidol-induced catalepsy rat model of the disease by measuring various behavioral and biochemical parameters. Catalepsy was induced by administration of haloperidol (1 mg/kg, ip) in male albino rats. A significant (P < 0.0...

Introduction: Strychnos potatorum Linn (Fam: Loganiaceae) is a moderate sized tree found in southern and central parts of India, Sri Lanka and Burma. In traditional system of medicine the seeds are used for the treatment of various ailments like jaundice, bronchitis, diabetes, conjunctivitis, chronic diarrhoea, dysentery etc. They are also used to...

Backround and objectives : Manasa mitra vatakam (MMV) is a formulated drug in Ayurveda which contains phytoconstituents steroidal saponin, flavanoids, alkaloids, protein,carbohydrate, calcium and ferrus iron. The formulation is being used for the cognitive dysfunction in the ayurvedic system of medicine. The ameliorating effect of MMV in AlCl 3 ind...

The effect of aluminium chloride on testicular function of rats under the influence of Manasamitra Vatakam (MMV) an indigenous drug has been investigated. The aluminium chloride (AlCl3) was administered orally at the dose of 100 mg./kg. b.wt in experimental group for 90 days. MMV was given orally at the dose of100 mg/kg. b.wt for 30 days in 90 days...

Background and purpose: Nitric oxide (NO) promotes angiogenesis by activating endothelial cells. Thalidomide arrests angiogenesis by interacting with the NO pathway, but its putative targets are not known. Here, we have attempted to identify these targets. Experimental approach: Cell-based angiogenesis assays (wound healing of monolayers and tub...

Nardostachys jatamansi roots were extracted with water(50%) & ethanol(50%) and analyzed for its anti-parkinsonism effect by measuring various neurological and behavioral parameters at the test dose of 250mg/ kg and 500mg/kg body wt. Haloperidol 1mg/kg body weight was administered i.p in order to induce Parkinsonism. Parkinsonism caused by depletion...

The anti-inflammatory effect of seed powder [SPP I (100 mg/kg) and II (200 mg/kg) p.o.] and aqueous extract [SPE I (100 mg/kg) and II (200 mg/kg) p.o.] of Strychnos potatorum. Linn (Loganiaceae) seeds was studied in carrageenin-induced hind paw edema and cotton pellet granuloma models. In carrageenin-induced rat paw edema model, both SPP (I and II)...

The anti-pyretic and anti-ulcerogenic properties of methanolic extract of Sida cordifolia aerial parts (MESC) were investigated in rats. Oral dose of 500 mg/kg MESC significantly reduced pyrexia induced by TAB vaccine. MESC exhibited significant anti-ulcerogenic effect against aspirin and ethanol induced damage. Both these properties were comparabl...

The present study investigates the effect of Di- akyur, a polyherbal formulation composed of pow- der of Cassia javanica and dried, standardised aque- ous extracts of Cassia auriculata, Salacia reticulata, Gymnema sylvestre, Mucuna pruriens, Syzygium jam- bolanum, Terminalia arjuna on blood glucose level of normal and diabetic animals as well as li...

Strychnos potatorum (Fam: Loganiaceae) Linn seeds are useful in the treatment of gastropathy in Indian traditional system of medicine. The present study describes the antiulcerogenic potential of S. potatorum Linn seeds on aspirin plus pyloric ligation (Aspirin+PL)-induced gastric ulcer model to substantiate its folklore claim. The seed powder (SPP...

The present study investigated the acute and sub- acute toxicity of Diakyur, a polyherbal antidiabetic formulation, in experimental animal models. Di- akyur contains aqueous extract dry powders of Cas- sia auriculata, Gymnema sylvestre, Mucuna pruriens, Syzygium jambolanum, Terminalia arjuna, Salacia reticulata ,a nd acrude powder of Cassia javanic...

The acute and chronic toxicity studies of aqueous extract (SPE) and seed powder (SPP) of Strychnos potatorum (S. potatorum) Linn were carried out in Wistar albino mice and rats, respectively. The animals did not show any toxic effects upto the dose of 2000 mg/kg, p.o. According to OECD guidelines - 423 for acute oral toxicity, the LD50 dose of 2000...

Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds are used in the Indian traditional system of medicine for the treatment of hepatopathy, nephropathy, gonorrhoea, leucorrhoea, gastropathy, bronchitis, chronic diarrhoea, strangury, renal and vesicle calculi, diabetes and eye diseases. The present study describes the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the...

Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum) Heine (syn. Asteracantha longifolia Nees, Acanthaceae) was widely used in the Indian systems of medicine for the treatment of various liver ailments. The hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extract of the roots was studied on CCl(4)-induced liver toxicity in rats. The activity was assessed by monitoring the var...

Anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of the methanolic extract of Ricinus communis (RCM) (Euphorbiaceae) Linn. root was studied in Wistar albino rats. The methanolic extract at doses 250 and 500 mg/kg p.o. exhibited significant (P<0.001) anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model. The extract at the d...

Antiulcerogenic effect of the alcoholic (ALJP) and aqueous (AQJP) extracts of the whole plant of Justicia prostrata was studied in aspirin+pylorus ligated rat models and analysed for gastric volume, ulcer index, free and total acidity. Biochemical parameters like total proteins, total hexoses, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid were also estimated....

In this study, the aqueous (AQJP) and alcoholic (ALJP) extracts of the whole plant of Justicia prostrata Gamble (Acanthaceae) were screened for their acute and subacute anti-inflammatory activities using carrageenan-induced acute inflammation and cotton-pellet-induced granuloma (subacute inflammation), respectively, in rats. In the carrageenan-indu...

Hygrophila auriculata (Schum) Heine (syn) Asteracantha longifolia Nees, Acanthaceae was described in ayurvedic literature as Ikshura, Ikshugandha, and Kokilasha. The plant was extensively used in traditional system of medicine for various ailments like rheumatism, inflammation, jaundice, hepatic obstruction, pain, etc. The aqueous extract of aerial...

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant activities of the aqueous (CFA) and methanolic extracts (CFM) of the Cassia fistula Linn. bark were assayed in wistar albino rats. The extracts were found to posses significant anti-inflammatory effect in both acute and chronic models. Cassia fistula bark extracts showed significant radical scavenging by inhibiting...

Antioxidant activity of the aqueous (AET) and methanolic extracts (MET) of the Thespesia populnea bark was investigated in rats by inducing liver injury with carbon tetrachloride:olive oil (1:1). The extracts exhibited significant antioxidant activity showing increased levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutath...

In the present study, Thespesia populnea (Malvaceae) bark was extracted with methanol and water. The extracts were vacuum dried to yield the respective methanol (MET) and aqueous extract (AET). The extracts were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CC14) induced liver damage at 2 dose levels (250 and 500 mg/kg). The...

Mangifera indica is commonly grown in many parts of the world. Its seeds have been used for anti-diarrhoeal activity in Indian traditional medicine. This study evaluates the potential anti-diarrhoeal activity of methanolic (MMI) and aqueous (AMI) extracts of seeds of M. indica in experimental diarrhoea, induced by castor oil and magnesium sulphate...

Justicia prostrata Gamble belonging to the family Acanthaceae is a small herb commonly distributed in the mountains of western Himalayas and in south India. Traditionally the plant was used in the treatment of fever, arthralgic pain, inflammation and snakebite. But there was no scientific study available on its central actions. The present study is...

Hygrophila auriculata (S Chum) Heine belonging to the family Acanthaceae is commonly known in ayurvedic literature as kokilasha. In traditional system of medicine the various parts of the plant is used to treat rheumatism, urinary calculi, anemia, diuretic etc. The acute and chronic toxicity profiles were studied with methanolic extract (MHA) of se...

Marine and fresh water alage, rich in beta-carotene and micronutrients are therapeutically used in the management of chronic refractory diseases in Indian system of medicine. Spirulina platensis (SP) (MCRC isolate) a blue - green algae was evaluated for its invivo antioxidant and LPO inhibitory activities in rats. Spirulina platensis at the dose of...

Marine and fresh water algae, rich in beta carotene and micronutrients are therapeutically used in the management of chronic refractory diseases in Indian system of medicine. Spirulina platensis (SP)(MCRC isolate) a blue- green algae was evaluated for its anti inflammatory and antiarthritic activities in rats. SP at the dose of 1500mg/kg/po exhibit...

The therapeutic efficacy of Cassia alata leaf extract against Pityriasis versicolor has been reported for the first time involving humans. For the collection of clinically effective antifungal compounds from the leaves of Cassia alata, a simple procedure has been devised. A 10-year human study indicates that the leaf extract can be reliably used as...

In the present study the efficacy of arkas (water distillate) and essential oils of cinnamon and clove is evaluated as a preservative for kwathas. Arkas and essential oils of cinnamon and clove have good preservative property without altering the physico - chemical properties of kwatha.