Subramani Pandian

National Academy of Agricultural Science (South Korea) · Department of Agricultural Biotechnology

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Geartn.) is one of the important small millets serves as a food security crop because of its high nutritional values. The complex tetraploid genome of finger millet requires a large number of informative, functional DNA markers for different applications in genetics and breeding. Yet, less number of simple sequ...

Whole genome sequencing is an important milestone of the genomics-assisted molecular biology studies. Sequencing the whole genome of plants unravels the complex molecular structure of these complex organisms. In this respect, whole genome sequencing of important small millet that is finger millet was subsequently released by 2 independent groups. T...

In this study, the combined effects of five different heavy metals (HMs) (As, Ni, Cd, Pb and Cu) on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) seedlings were assessed with morpho-physiological and biochemical variations. Overall, the growth, total biomass and chlorophyll and relative water contents in the leaves of the plants were decreased whereas elec...

Isoflavones are ecophysiologically active secondary metabolites derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. They were mostly found in leguminous plants, especially in the pea family. Isoflavones play a key role in plant–environment interactions and act as phytoalexins also having an array of health benefits to the humans. According to epidemiological...

Curcumin, a yellow-colored molecule derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has been identified as the bioactive compound responsible for numerous pharmacological activities of turmeric, including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, etc. Nevertheless, the clinical application of curcumin is inadequate due to...

Salt stress is a major abiotic stress that exerts detrimental effects on plant growth, development and yield worldwide. Humic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring component of soil and a major element of biostimulant (BS). It has the potential to alleviate different abiotic stresses in plants effectively. However, the putative physiological mechanism...

Microbial pathogens cause a quarter of all deaths worldwide annually due to deadly infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the fast and precise identification of pathogens remains one of the most challenging tasks in the medical sector. Early identification and characterization of microbes through medical diagnosis could pave the way for specific treatm...

Brassica napus is an oilseed plant that is mostly used to produce edible oils, industrial oils, modified lipids and biofuels. The number of varieties/cultivars is high for the species, owing to their higher level of economic use. The aim of this study is to assess the use of visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy in combination with multiple...

Cereals have evolved various tolerance mechanisms to cope with abiotic stress. Understanding the abiotic stress response mechanism of cereal crops at the molecular level offers a path to high-yielding and stress-tolerant cultivars to sustain food and nutritional security. In this regard, enormous progress has been made in the omics field in the are...

Brown mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) is an important oilseed crop that is mostly used to produce edible oils, industrial oils, modified lipids and biofuels in subtropical nations. Due to its higher level of commercial use, the species has a huge array of varieties/cultivars. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of visible near-infrared (...

Interspecific hybridization between transgenic crops and their wild relatives is a major concern for transgene dispersal in the environment. Under controlled conditions, artificial hand pollination experiments were performed in order to assess the hybridization potential and the fitness of interspecific hybrids between Brassica rapa and genetically...

Secondary metabolites are incontestably key specialized molecules with proven health-promoting effects on human beings. Naturally synthesized secondary metabolites are considered an important source of pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics, flavours, etc., Therefore, enhancing the biosynthesis of these important specialised metabolites by main...

In nature, interspecific hybridization occurs frequently and can contribute to the production of new species or the introgression of beneficial adaptive features between species. It has great potential in agricultural systems to boost the process of targeted crop improvement. In the advent of genetically modified (GM) crops, it has a disadvantage t...

Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. is an indispensable medicinal plant owing to its abundance of phytoconstituents and medicinal uses. In the study, we demonstrated the successful in vitro regeneration of J. gendarussa through nodal explants and its genetic and phytochemical analysis. A combination of 2 mg L-1 BA + 0.1 mg L-1 NAA + 15 mg L-1 spermidine w...

Biotechnological solutions based on in vitro plant tissue culture paved the way for assessing desirable features by increasing the efficiency of in vitro regeneration methods, such as the production of a large number of high-quality plants in a short period of time. Contamination during in vitro regeneration operations, on the other hand, is one of...

The rapid advancement of genetically modified (GM) technology over the years has raised concerns about the safety of GM crops and foods for human health and the environment. Gene flow from GM crops may be a threat to the environment. Therefore, it is critical to develop reliable, rapid, and low-cost technologies for detecting and monitoring the pre...

In recent years, the rapid development of genetically modified (GM) technology has raised concerns about the safety of GM crops and foods for human health and the ecological environment. Gene flow from GM crops to other crops, especially in the Brassicaceae family, might pose a threat to the environment due to their weediness. Hence, finding reliab...

Globally, the cultivation area of genetically modified (GM) crops is increasing dramatically. Despite their well-known benefits, they may also pose many risks to agriculture and the environment. Among the various GM crops, GM rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is widely cultivated, mainly for oil production. At the same time, B. napus possesses a number...

Seaweed extracts are considered effective therapeutic alternatives to synthetic anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents, owing to their availability, low cost, greater efficacy, eco-friendliness, and non-toxic nature. Since the bioactive constituents of seaweed, in particular, phytosterols, possess plenty of medicinal benefits over other...

Pre-harvest sprouting is a critical phenomenon involving the germination of seeds in the mother plant before harvest under relative humid conditions and reduced dormancy. As it results in reduced grain yield and quality, it is a common problem for the farmers who have cultivated the rice and wheat across the globe. Crop yields need to be steadily i...

The feasibility of rapid and non-destructive classification of six different Amaranthus species was investigated using visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectra coupled with chemometric approaches. The focus of this research would be to use a handheld spectrometer in the field to classify six Amaranthus sp. in different geographical regions of South...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has become a more popular approach for quantitative and qualitative analysis of feeds, foods and medicine in conjunction with an arsenal of chemometric tools. This was the foundation for the increased importance of NIRS in other fields, like genetics and transgenic monitoring. A considerable number of studies have...

The current study demonstrates an effective protocol for encapsulation of in vitro nodal segments of Solanum trilobatum L. for short-term storage. In a modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 8.8 µM 6-benzyl adenine (BA), 0.5 µM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and 25 mM ammonium nitrate, a gelling matrix of 3% sodium alginate and 80 mM Ca...

Bacterial communities in rhizosphere and root nodules have significant contributions to the growth and productivity of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). In this report, we analyzed the physiological properties and dynamics of bacterial community structure in rhizosphere and root nodules at different growth stages using BioLog EcoPlate and high-...

Bacterial communities in rhizosphere and root nodules have significant contributions to the growth and productivity of the soybean (Glycine max L.). In this report , we analyzed the physiological properties and dynamics of bacterial community structure in rhizosphere and root nodules at different growth stages using BioLog EcoPlate and high-through...

Drought and salinity are the major constraints on agricultural production worldwide and a remarkable attempt is being made to improve the plant yields in the direction of increasing water deficit. We have developed transgenic finger millet cultivars 'CO(Ra)-14' and 'Paiyur-2' overexpressing Erianthus arundinaceous DREB2 (EaDREB2) transcription fact...

Seriphium plumosum, a grassland encroacher, has decreased the grazing capacity of grasslands in South Africa. The extensive spread of S. plumosum in South Africa requires a need to better understand its genetic characteristics. This study assessed the genetic diversity of five populations of S. plumosum using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA)...

Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that adversely affects crop growth, development and productivity worldwide. In this study, the individual and synergistic roles of putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) in salinity stress tolerance of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) was assessed. In the present study, plants treated with combined biogenic...

In recent decades, chemical fertilizers create a thread to organic agriculture and food security. To overcome this issue, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of liquid seaweed extracts (LSEs) prepared from Padina boergesenii (PB) and Gracilaria edulis (GE) on growth, development, biochemical characteristics and yield traits of foxt...

A major hurdle in crop protection is preventing the pest population from damaging the agricultural crop and simultaneously, preventing the evolution of pesticide resistance. A wide range of allelochemicals is produced by the plants to protect against herbivore attack; these can affect the herbivore fitness by changing behavior and causing acute tox...

Abiotic stress is a multifarious factor that mainly affects the growth and yield of crop plants worldwide. Crop production is highly affected by abiotic stresses including drought, water submergence, salt, and heavy metals. The plants have developed various biochemical, physiological, and metabolic mechanisms to fight against different abiotic stre...

Hairy roots are rapidly growing, highly differentiated transformed root cultures induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection usually at the infected site of the representative medicinal plant. Hairy roots have the ability to rapidly multiply in the culture medium devoid of any hormones. Unlike other plant cell cultures, hairy root cultures are ge...

An easy, efficient and highly reproducible regeneration system was established through organogenesis from leaf base mediated callus of an ethnobotanical hairy shrub Abutilon indicum L. sweet, which is documented to possess pharmaceutically important phytochemicals. Among various explants, leaf bases produced significant callus induction (89%) with...

Population structure and genetic variability among seven groups of 44 parental lines of sorghum, including mid-season drought tolerant, mid-season drought susceptible, stay green lines, terminal drought tolerant, saline tolerant, saline susceptible, high Fe-Zn lines and a wild genotype as an out group were assessed using three dominant markers name...

Nilgirianthus ciliatus is of interest for its extensive applications in Ayurvedic medicine. The study focuses on the assessment of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in N. ciliatus populations to aid conservation of this species at risk of extinction. Thirty five inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and thirty random amplified polymor...

C3 and C4 grass species (C3: rice, C4: foxtail millet, sorghum, maize) are simultaneously exposed to one or more abiotic stresses (AbS) either independently or in combination, which leads to loss of nutritional value and yield loss. Throughout the life cycle, these plants face unique and combined AbS (CAbS). A large number of studies have been cond...

Finger millet is an important staple food crop of semi-arid tropics also known as “super cereal” and has a higher calcium content than any other crops. Thousands of germplasm are being maintained and its genetic characterization is essential for further utilization in crop improvement. This research was performed to estimate the diversity and popul...

An efficacious, reproducible direct in vitro regeneration system has been developed from leaf base segments (LBs) of six high yielding genotypes of foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.). LBs excised from 4-day-old seedling were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different types and concentrations of cytokinins. T...

There is a lot of market for squalene (C30H50) for industrial and therapeutic applications such as oil, biofuel, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Squalene was used to be derived from liver oil of sharks and whales, but a sustainable alternative source such as plants is needed. An ayurvedic plant, Nilgirianthus ciliatus, was found t...

In the present study, we have proposed that the supplementation of adenine sulphate enhanced the multiple shoot induction and regeneration of Clitoria ternatea (L.) and it enhances the functional groups present in in vitro grown plants were confirmed through FTIR analysis. The juvenile nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supp...

The diversity in plant metabolites with improved phytonutrients is essential to achieve global food security and sustainable crop yield. Our study using computational metabolomics genome wide association study (cmGWAS) reports on a comprehensive profiling of threonine (Thr) metabolite in rice. Sixteen abiotic stress responsive (AbSR) – Thr metaboli...

The high growth-stimulating effect of plant extract has urged the plant biotechnologists to use natural supplements in the culture media instead of synthetic phytohormones. We advocated the effect of sprouted sorghum extract (SSE) on emergence, in vitro acclimatization, and genetic fidelity in coleoptile derived callus of indica rice variety ADT36....

Key message: A detailed protocol has been described for in vitro propagation of Bacopa monnieri using seaweed extracts. Abstract: This system can be utilized for in vitro regeneration of other medicinal plants too.The scope of the present study is to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators and seaweed liquid extracts (SLEs) on in vitro re...

;)

NABS

The effect of seaweed liquid extracts (SLEs) from Gracilaria edulis and Padina boergesenii was studied on finger millet bioassays. Finger millet seeds were germinated on 0–100 % of SLEs. Genotype ‘PR-202’ showed superior response with higher frequency of germination (99.6 %), fresh weight (1.1 mg seedling−1), shoot length (13.4 cm), root number (4....

The effects of cefotaxime, amino acids and carbon source on somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration using mature seeds in four genotypes (‘ CO5’, ‘CO7’, ‘TNAU43’ and ‘RS118’) of foxtail millet have been studied. The ‘CO5’ gave a superior response in callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration. The highest percentage (69.3%) of emb...

Sorghum RAPD

Effect of plant growth regulators and spermidine on somatic embryogenesis and regeneration was investigated in finger millet. Mature embryos, and 3 days old seedling-derived shoot apical meristems were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing picloram, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-nap...

The effect of seaweed liquid extracts (SLEs) made from Gracilaria salicornia, Padina gymnospora, Padina boergesenii, Gelidiella acerosa and plant growth regulators (PGRs) were examined on in vitro mass propagation using hypocotyls and leaf disc explants of brinjal (Solanum melongenaL.) cultivar Pusa purple long. For the germination bioassay, seeds...