Steven M. Toepfer

• Kent State University

This study puts both esports gameplay and spectatorship into consideration and pinpoints how individual and structural factors explain why people play and watch esports to better understand the complexities and intricacies of esports consumption. Results indicate that both measures commonly associated with active audience, and structural theories p...

This study examined the effects of writing letters of gratitude on three primary qualities of well-being; happiness (positive affect), life-satisfaction (cognitive evaluation), and depression (negative affect). Gratitude was also assessed. Participants included 219 men and women who wrote three letters of gratitude over a 3week period. A two-way mi...

This study reports on the relationship between perceived family social support [FSS] and family intrusiveness [FI] in a sample of young adult women. These family system variables were hypothesized to be inversely correlated. The potential for a positive correlation was also explored to determine whether or not family support can coincide with delet...

Researchers have shown that about 40% of our happiness is accounted for by intentional activity whereas 50% is explained by genetics and 10% by circumstances (Lyubomirsky, Sheldon & Schkade, 2005). Consequently, efforts to improve happiness might best be focused in the domain of intentional activity: willful and self-directed activity (Sheldon & Ly...

This paper explores incremental and convergent validity through the combined use of a self-report paper-pencil instrument (known as the Family Intrusiveness Scale) and the Rorschach projective method. Both methodologies were employed to assess family processes vis-à-vis distance regulation and interpersonal relatedness. Evidence supporting the use...

This study examined two questions in the use of the MMPI-A with 13-year-old inpatients: (a) are the profiles of 13-year-old inpatients markedly different from those produced by 14-year-old inpatients, and (b) what is the effect of scoring with standard MMPI-A norms versus Archer MMPI-A norms for 13-year-olds. Protocols from 56 13-year-old and 85 14...

Ehrenworth and Archer (1985) examined the relative merits of adolescent Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) profiles utilizing either adult or adolescent scoring norms (Marks & Briggs, 1972). Eleven years later, the MMPI-A has been introduced into clinical use. It has been suggested that in these early years of the MMPI-A, clinicians...