Stephen Vodanovich

Stephen Vodanovich
University of West Florida | UWF · Department of Psychology

PhD

About

100
Publications
74,631
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Introduction
I am a Professor Emeritus in the Psychology Department at the University of West Florida specializing in Industrial-Organizational Psychology. Much of my research has revolved around the construct of boredom (particularly boredom proneness). Other research interests are employment law, ageism, and workaholism. I have been fortunate to have consulted with many organizations and have taught abroad in Ireland (Cork), Thailand (Bangkok, twice), and France (twice; in Pontlevoy and Montrichard).

Publications

Publications (100)
Article
Full-text available
The authors investigated the factor structure and construct validity of the Fraboni Scale of Ageism and the age and gender differences in ageism scores. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the multidimensional nature of FSA scores and generally corroborated the initial factor structure reported by M. Fraboni, with some notable exceptions. Essent...
Article
Full-text available
The authors examined the various antecedents and consequences of workaholism using a sample of 336 undergraduate students in the United States. Path analysis revealed that perfectionism and negative affect significantly predicted workaholism scores. Further, the effect of workaholism on life satisfaction was significantly mediated by leisure boredo...
Article
Full-text available
The goal of this well known book is to provide methods for understanding major EEO laws, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Pay Act of 1963, and the American with Disabilities Act of 1990. Also included are over 700 cases involving federal case law that focus on issues relating to the terms and conditions of employment. New to this t...
Article
Full-text available
A detailed review of the psychometric measures of boredom was published approximately 12 years ago (Vodanovich, 2003). Since that time, numerous studies have been conducted on existing scales, and new measures of boredom have been developed. Given these assessment advancements, an updated review of self-report boredom scales is warranted. The prima...
Article
We analyzed previous exploratory factor analytic structures on the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS; Farmer & Sundberg, 1986) using confirmatory factor analysis in structural equation modeling in LISREL 8 (Jöreskog & Sörbom, 1993). These analyses indicated that 2 factors were generally consistent across 6 exploratory models. Items that had significant...
Chapter
This chapter addresses the most common type of suit filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC): that of alleged workplace retaliation. The authors discuss the type of activities that are protected from retaliation, along with relevant court cases. The authors also review many court decisions that relate to the determination of wh...
Chapter
This chapter covers legal protections for individuals with legally qualified disabilities. The authors begin by describing the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 followed by the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and the Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA). Much of the chapter revolves around the legal definition of a disa...
Chapter
This chapter presents an overview of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA). Examples of age discrimination cases are summarized under the disparate treatment scenario, including criteria for establishing a similarly situated younger employee and a substantially younger employee. The authors also include a section on the ADEA and m...
Chapter
This chapter describes some of the most significant cases in the area of employment discrimination (e.g., McDonnell Douglas v. Green [1977], which largely established the disparate treatment scenario; Teamsters v. United States [1977], and Hazelwood v. United States [1977], which solidified legal guidelines for pattern or practices cases [a subtype...
Chapter
In this chapter, the authors discuss important cases involving sex discrimination in the workplace. They detail how the Supreme Court has ruled that personnel decisions made on a subjective basis (e.g., judgments by supervisors) are covered by Title VII. The criteria for class certification in class action suits is also covered, as are the implicat...
Chapter
This chapter provides a brief summary of the structure of the civil court system in the United States, including the US Supreme Court. The chapter also covers major laws that relate to employment discrimination. In doing so, the authors present several constitutional amendments that have been used in workplace discrimination cases, protections gran...
Chapter
This chapter discusses various forms of sex discrimination. As mentioned in Chapter 5, the late addition of “sex” as a protected group into Title VII led to the slow development of protections for women in the workplace. The chapter begins with coverage of the Equal Pay Act, which was passed in 1963, a year before Title VII of the Civil Rights Act....
Chapter
In this chapter, the authors introduce fundamental discrimination scenarios. These include disparate treatment, pattern or practice scenarios, class action suits, adverse impact, and situations involving mixed motives. As the authors outline, these scenarios consist of the presentation of evidence using a three-step burden-shifting process—beginnin...
Chapter
This chapter covers affirmative action as it applies to equal employment opportunity (EEO). The authors begin with an overview of the Office of Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) and Executive Order 11246 (EO 11246, as amended). The bulk of the chapter focuses on voluntary affirmative action programs and the important cases that have shaped the l...
Chapter
This chapter begins with a discussion of the religious protections offered by the First Amendment, followed by Title VII’s provisions against religious discrimination. The authors summarize some Title VII exemptions based on religion—those given to religious organizations and the ministerial exception. The coverage of basic types of religious discr...
Book
Employment Discrimination: A Concise Review of the Legal Landscape provides a succinct yet comprehensive review of employment discrimination law. It provides readers with a straightforward presentation of the major laws and regulations concerning employment discrimination. The book consists of ten chapters and covers a wide array of topics ranging...
Article
The current study evaluated the effectiveness of a workshop designed to provide nurses (n = 6) with the means to improve their situation awareness. The nurses participated in a full-day workshop in which their situation awareness performance was measured before and after using the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique. Following the works...
Article
Full-text available
In recent years, retaliation claims with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission have emerged as the most prevalent discriminatory charge leveled by employees. After several Supreme Court rulings that expanded coverage for employees in retaliation cases (e.g., Kasten v. Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics, 2011; Thompson v. North American Stainle...
Article
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This study examined changes in the beliefs and behaviors of 156 offenders who participated in a Duluth model batterer intervention program. Sixty-seven percent of the participants completed both baseline and post intervention assessments of verbal, emotional, and physical aggression. Archival follow-up data, acquired approximately 9 years after com...
Article
This study was an examination of the relationships among intrinsic and extrinsic work values and normative (norm-based/internal) and instrumental (reward-based/external) organizational commitment. Responses from 97 clerical workers indicated that employees with high scores for intrinsic work values had significantly higher normative (norm-based) co...
Article
Full-text available
This paper addresses the concerns associated with Internet-based instruction, noted anecdotally, by investigators in the literature. The authors summarize the findings of recent studies in higher education that have raised issues with this emerging pedagogical technology. ERIC, PsycINFO, and Current Contents were searched for investigations that de...
Article
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The current research sought to determine the effect that flow—a state of optimal experience—has on the relationships between positive leadership and employee attitudes and perceptions of safety climate. Regression analyses revealed that flow moderated the effects of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and the effects of authentic leader...
Chapter
Safety is a growing area of study for organizational scholars and is increasingly becoming more paramount for organizations. In this chapter we present a broad review of occupational safety with particular attention paid to identifying characteristics of individual employees and contextual features that predict safety. This review culminates by pro...
Article
The present study investigated cultural differences in boredom proneness scores. The participants consisted of undergraduate students from the United States (N = 449) and Germany (N = 767) who completed the 28- item Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS). The results indicated that students from the United States possessed significantly higher BPS scores th...
Article
Full-text available
Organizational consultants frequently address legal issues in their work or are confronted by areas of legal controversy. This article reviews several key cases and legislation in the recent past, with an emphasis in the area of personnel psychology: a) age discrimination, b) retaliation, c) disability, d) employment testing, and e) pay inequity. I...
Article
The present study investigated the relationship between self-reported measures pertaining to attention difficulties and simulated driving performance while distracted. Thirty-six licensed drivers participated in a simulator driving task while engaged in a cell phone conversation. The participants completed questionnaires assessing their tendency to...
Article
The bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah federal office building in Oklahoma City in 1995 remains the most devastating act of domestic terrorism in U.S. history. This review focuses on the major research findings on posttraumatic stress responses of both victims and the general population in the affected area, the effects on children, and the coping rea...
Article
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Data were collected from university employees (N = 129) and Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) members (N = 103) to assess the impact of workaholism on work-family conflict, job satisfaction, and perceptions of leisure time. The results, using two different measures of workaholism (Workaholism Battery, Work Addiction Risk Test), indicated...
Article
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This study offers a unique perspective on crisis management in action. The eye of Hurricane Ivan (September 16, 2004) struck the city of Pensacola FL and inflicted major damage to the University of West Florida (UWF) campus just a couple of weeks after the start of the semester. A survey instrument on the extent of impact on teaching and concomitan...
Article
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The acceptability of online instruction by university students continues to be a central issue in the field of education. The current study found that a sample of business school students (N = 77) expressed positive views toward the use of web-based teaching. Future research should address the potential limitations and drawbacks of online education...
Article
Full-text available
This paper presents empirical literature on the relationship between workaholism, health and stress indicators. Data from 773 working adults on workaholism and health were obtained as part of a larger study on Work-life factors. Correlational analyses did not find significant relationships between scores on the Work Addition Risk Test and health-re...
Article
Full-text available
One of the major impact factors on work-family conflict is the onerous influence of workaholism. This paper presents the findings of recent empirical studies on the nexus of work-family conflict and workaholism. The authors examine studies, published over the past decade, that investigated the relationship between these 2 domains. A developmental m...
Article
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In the modern world, juggling the demands of work and family is becoming increasingly difficult. Many organizations are interested in ways to help their employees maintain this balance and improve both life and job satisfaction. This study examined the impact of supportive communication and autonomy (central participation) on work-family balance an...
Article
This study considers the roles of managerial ageism and causal attributions in the age bias process. Specifically, we predicted that employee age and manager ageism would interact in predicting the severity of recommendations made about an employee's performance errors, such that ageist managers would be more likely to engage in age bias. Second, w...
Article
Full-text available
This paper calls attention to the importance of the issue of workaholism for O.D. practitioners. We present a review of the literature, including studies that discuss the issue of workaholism and its implications for effective organizational functioning. Specifically, the authors address a) the personal toll of workaholism on individual employees,...
Article
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Data from 87 out of 250 faculty (34% response rate) responded to a two-page survey on Internet usage, attitudes, and perceived benefits and shortcomings. Overall, 73.6% of the faculty indicated a positive view of using the Internet for instructional purposes and 69.4% believed that the Internet is an effective teaching tool. However, only about one...
Article
To date, there has been sparse research on the extent of use of online (Web-based) instructional approaches in academic Psychology. This survey reports the findings of a national survey (N = 207) of Chairs of Psychology departments on the didactic use of online instruction. Although the respondents expressed positive views regarding Web-based pedag...
Article
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This study examined the content of application blanks and the awareness of Human Resource (HR) professionals and job applicants regarding the legitimacy of various types of application blank questions. Customer service and Fortune 500 applications were inspected for legally inadvisable items in study 1. Results confirmed prior findings. Additionall...
Article
Full-text available
This study examined the extent to which boredom proneness and sleep disturbances were related to attention deficit scores in college-aged adults. In a sample of 148 college students, Attention scores on the Adult Behavior Checklist were best predicted by Boredom Proneness (BP) subscale scores, which assess one’s inability to maintain internal stimu...
Article
This research presents a review of the psychometric measures on boredom that have been developed over the past 25 years. Specifically, the author examined the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS; R. Farmer & N. D. Sundberg, 1986), the job boredom scales by E. A. Grubb (1975) and T. W. Lee (1986), a boredom coping measure (J. A. Hamilton, R. J. Haier, & M....
Article
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This research investigated the effects of cognitive failure on workplace safety and accidents over 2 studies. It was hypothesized that cognitive failure would directly predict safety behavior and workplace accidents and predict these outcomes over and above conscientiousness. It was found that cognitive failure uniquely accounted for workplace safe...
Article
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The ability of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) to predict accidents and job performance ratings was investigated. A participant pool of 240 electrical workers anonymously completed the CFQ and an information sheet. Results indicated that CFQ scores and the Blunder factor could predict automobile accidents and work accidents, while the Bl...
Article
The current study examines the relationship between cognitive failures, daytime sleepiness, and boredom proneness within two populations. A military and a university sample completed the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, Boredom Proneness Scale, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results indicated that higher daytime sleepiness and boredom proneness...
Article
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To date, there is a conceptual bias in the available research on the construct of boredom. That is, the "constructive" nature of boredom has been either ignored or under-reported by researchers in the area. The purpose of this paper is to review some of the positive aspects of boredom that have been discussed in the literature. Given that a sizable...
Article
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The purpose of this research was to develop a measurement of the individual differences that contribute to acts of organizational revenge and aggression. This scale was designed to achieve three goals: (a) to minimize demand characteristics so that the scale may be useful for personnel selection, (b) to represent a wide range of possible behavioral...
Article
The relationship between job outcomes (i.e., satisfaction, absenteeism, and tenure) and measures of state (Job Boredom Scale) and trait (Boredom Proneness Scale) boredom was investigated. Data collected from 292 workers in a manufacturing plant in the southeast United States indicated that individuals scoring high on both types of boredom were sign...
Article
The current study investigated the relationship between a measure of trait boredom, Boredom Proneness, and vigilance performance on a variation of Mackworth's original clock test. Performance, assessed as Sensory Efficiency, was negatively correlated with Boredom Proneness scores early in the vigil but not during later trials. The results suggested...
Article
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The aim of this study was to systematically survey the use of various theoretical approaches by OD practitioners. To this end, members of the International Registry of Organization Development Professionals were surveyed. The results were based on questionnaire data from 58 OD consultants with an average of 17.3 years' experience. The theoretical a...
Article
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The content of 41 Internet-based state applications were examined for their compliance with EEO guidelines. The results indicated that 97.5% of the application forms possessed at least one inadvisable question, with an average of 4.2 per form. The most frequent inadvisable questions pertained to past salary, age, and driver's license information. I...
Article
The relationship between boredom proneness and health-symptom reporting was examined. Undergraduate students (N = 200) completed the Boredom Proneness Scale and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. A multiple analysis of covariance indicated that individuals with high boredom-proneness total scores reported significantly higher ratings on all five subsca...
Article
The relationship between boredom proneness and health‐symptom reporting was examined. Undergraduate students (N = 200) completed the Boredom Proneness Scale and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. A multiple analysis of covariance indicated that individuals with high boredom‐proneness total scores reported significantly higher ratings on all five subsca...
Article
The relationship between boredom proneness and health-symptom reporting was examined. Undergraduate students (N 5 200) completed the Boredom Proneness Scale and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. A multiple analysis of covariance indicated that individuals with high boredomproneness total scores reported significantly higher ratings on all five subscal...
Article
Full-text available
The effect of boredom proneness as measured by the Boredom Proneness Scale (R. F. Farmer & N. D. Sundberg, 1986) on college students' psychosocial development was investigated via the Student Developmental Task and Lifestyle Assessment (SDTLA; R. B. Winston, T. K. Miller, & J. S. Prince, 1995). Low boredom-prone students had significantly higher sc...
Article
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The relationship between time structure and boredom proneness was examined within 2 cultures. University students from Ireland and the United States completed the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS; R. Farmer & N. D. Sundberg, 1986), the Time Structure Questionnaire (TSQ; M. J. Bond & N. T. Feather, 1988), and a demographic questionnaire. Results indicat...
Article
Undergraduate students (N = 146) completed both the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS) and the Procrastination Scale (PS). A one way MANOVA indicated that individuals high in procrastination possessed significantly high overall boredom proneness scores. Also, high procrastinators had significantly greater scores on four of the five BPS subscales labeled...
Article
The contributions of private self-consciousness and absorption in explaining boredom proneness were investigated. University students enrolled at a public university in the southeastern United States completed a packet containing the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS; R. Farmer & N. D. Sundberg, 1986), the Self-Consciousness Scale (SCS; A. Fenigstein, M...
Article
The effects of boredom proneness on different a.spects of anger and aggression were examined. Undergraduate students (N = 293) com- pleted the Boredom Proneness Scale, the Aggre.tsion Quexlionnaire. and lhe Anger E.xpres.sion Scale. Mtdtivariate analy.ies of covariance indicated thai high boredom proneness total scores were related to greater overa...
Article
The relationship between time structure and procrastination was investigated among 115 Irish undergraduate students. Significant negative zero-order correlations were found among scores for all five subscales of time structure and procrastination. A follow-up stepwise multiple regression indicated a significant multiple correlation (R = .61) betwee...
Article
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Undergraduate students ( N = 111) completed the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS) and the Survey of Work Values (SWV) as part of a study examining vocational preferences. The results indicated that individuals with high boredom proneness scores possessed significantly greater external work value scores, whereas those low in boredom proneness had signif...
Article
Two of Maslow's concepts of peak experiences, defined as moments of highest happiness, were explored. First, these moments have many triggers but are widely recognized and identified in common ways. Second, although transitory, peak experiences often have lasting consequences. Using the Experience Questionnaire, 30 realtors described personal peak...
Article
The effects of distributive (outcome) and procedural factors on the satisfaction and organizational commitment of university administrative and support (i.e., non-faculty) personnel (N=138) were examined two months after a restructuring of job classifications. Aspects of outcome were stronger predictors of satisfaction and commitment than were aspe...
Article
Multivariate analyses of variance indicated that both religious affiliation and education in counseling of 44 Episcopal and 51 Catholic clergy had over-all effects on their scores on the Mental Health Values Questionnaire. In separate univariate analyses, significant effects were found on six of eight mental health value subscales. On all subscales...
Article
Examined the contributions of attributional complexity (ACM) and causal dimension (CDM) scores in the prediction of boredom proneness (BP). 214 undergraduates completed the Boredom Proneness Scale (R. Farmer and N. D. Sundberg; see record 1986-23428-001), the Attributional Complexity Scale (J. G. Fletcher et al; see record 1987-02870-001), and th...
Article
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Application blank items from 88 organizations located in the Southeast were examined for job relatedness and compliance with EEOC guidelines. The findings indicated that 100% of the application blanks contained at least two “inadvisable” items, with the average being 7.4 items per form. Further analyses demonstrated that private companies, compared...
Article
As part of a larger investigation, the relationship between boredom proneness and impulsiveness was investigated among 381 undergraduates. A significant positive correlation of .56 obtained between boredom proneness and impulsivity. Significant positive associations were also found between scores on boredom proneness and impulsiveness subscales.
Article
170 undergraduate students completed the Boredom Proneness Scale by Farmer and Sundberg and the Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist by Zuckerman and Lubin. Significant negative relationships were found between boredom proneness and negative affect scores (i.e., Depression, Hostility, Anxiety). Significant positive correlations also obtained between...
Article
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Examined the effects of race and gender on boredom proneness (BP) among 381 undergraduates (aged 17–55 yrs) asked to indicate their proneness to boredom. There were 202 Blacks and 176 Whites and 266 females and 115 males. Blacks were significantly more boredom-prone than Whites. Black females had the highest levels of BP, followed by Black males, W...
Article
This article compares traditional college students'' perceptions of effective teaching behaviors with nontraditional students'' perceptions. A 15-item questionnaire was completed by undergraduates at a small Southeastern university. Nontraditional students viewed personality and interaction behaviors as more indicative of effective teaching, wherea...
Article
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Investigated the relationship between measures of self-actualization and boredom proneness with 154 undergraduates who completed the Short Index of Self-Actualization (A. Jones and R. Crandall; see record 1987-12318-001) and the Boredom Proneness scale (R. Farmer and N. D. Sundberg; see record 1986-23428-001). Total scores were significantly nega...
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This study investigated the factor structure of the Boredom Proneness (BP) Scale. Previous research on boredom indicates the existence of at least five factors that comprise this construct. Data from 385 participants on the BP scale items were analyzed through a principal components factor analysis with a varimax rotation in which five factors were...
Article
Studied the relationship between boredom proneness, Type A behavior, and sensation seeking among 210 undergraduates (aged 18–63 yrs), using the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS) of R. Farmer and N. D. Sundberg (see record 1986-23428-001), the Jenkins Activity Scale, and the Sensation Seeking Scale. Boredom proneness and Type A behavior possessed simil...
Article
Discusses common objectives, inferences, and negative consequences of drug testing in the workplace. An alternative model for confronting substance abuse in the workplace that includes treatment, behavioral, and educational dimensions is presented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
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An analogy was borrowed from the law to develop a legal model of the attribution of responsibility for rape. According to the model, judgments of physical and psychological causality of an alleged rapist are combined into overall evaluations of attacker responsibility. An experimental test of the model was conducted with college students. Results s...
Article
Full-text available
This study considers the roles of managerial ageism and causal attributions in the age bias process. Specifically, we predicted that employee age and manager ageism would interact in predicting the severity of recommendations made about an em-ployee's performance errors, such that ageist managers would be more likely to engage in age bias. Second,...

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