Stephen Newman

AquaInTech Inc.

Strategies to control Vibrios at aquaculture farms must revolve around limiting inputs, including those from postlarvae suppliers, those that come in with the water, those that remain in the soil between crops and those in the feed and accumulated organic matter. Adequate aeration and water exchange help reduce stressors for the culture animals. Pr...

It is likely that acute hepatopancreatic necrosis will continue to spread. Successful control strategies will entail the use of a variety of tools and must include a far better understanding of where the disease develops in the environment and how it moves. Ideally, farmers need to create conditions that make it harder for the pathogenic Vibrio tha...

Shrimp farmers throughout the world will be familiar with the challenges involved in preventing and dealing with diseases that could easily wipe out their stocks. Members of the Vibrio genus are foremost among the leading causes of mortality. Farmers need to understand that stress, genes and the environment play roles in susceptibility and that app...

The advent of specific pathogen-free Litopenaeus vannamei became a powerful tool for lessening the impacts of diseases in shrimp aquaculture. SPF status refers to the absence of targeted viral or bacterial pathogens from a population of shrimp. Although SPF shrimp are not hardier or more resistant to disease than their counterparts, by ensuring tha...

The quality of postlarvae supplied by shrimp hatcheries can vary considerably. Common myths, such as acceptance of low survival and insufficient concern for water quality, can contribute to lower animal quality. Misgivings about the traits of specific pathogen-free shrimp and effectiveness of probiotics also limit the potential performance of hatch...

Understanding shrimp immunity and immune responses for best disease control.

What is biofloc and why is it used it in aquaculture? Understanding biofloc in aquaculture production systems.

Debate about direct-fed microbials/probiotics in aquaculture.

Is microbiome manipulation in shrimp fact or fiction?

In the evolution of shrimp farming, white shrimp recently emerged as the primary aquaculture species. High-density production is another component of the huge industry growth that occurred in the last five years. Southeast Asia combines these factors in its domination of shrimp production. While some farms in the Americas have successfully converte...

Preaudits can help ensure compliance with BAP.

Impacts of acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Syndrome, short-term market dynamics affect long-term practices.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing is a powerful tool that can detect very low levels of pathogens, but its ability to screen and produce results that represent the population is often oversimplified. Screening of the wrong tissues or too few animals can lead to incorrect conclusions. Also, the mere presence of a pathogen does not necessarily...

Although many companies avoid the costs associated with setting up proactive disease management infrastructure, failure to do so can result in losses that far outweigh the costs. Proactive strategies to address ISA include the use of best management practices, surveillance, year class separation, biosecurity and disinfection of processing effluents...

To avoid or control the impacts of disease, consistent observation and sampling of animals are essential. Sample size should be dictated by the goal of the sampling. Although many managers think terminal sampling is the best approach, this is not necessarily true. Sampling for population health status in shrimp ponds should consist of composite sam...

Current shrimp diseases in SE Asia.

A seven-step program to effective management of WSSV in shrimp.

Frontiers of immunization in fish culture.

What is aquaculture? Aquaculture is agriculture in water based ecosystems.

Tools for protective immunity in farmed shrimp.

How EHP impacts shrimp production and industry efforts to control it.

After years of pilot-scale research and operations, P.T. Fega Marikultura is ramping up it's offshore cages in Indonesia to raise high-quality barramundi.

Common-sense biosecurity measures that can be taken to head off crop failures.

“Caveat emptor” is Latin for “let the buyer beware,” a phrase with which most of us are familiar. Disease is a result of interrelated interactions among the host, the environment and the pathogen. As with other diseases, early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic syndrome in shrimp does not involve a simple disease process, so a single, all-en...

Science-based strategies to understand the causes of disease in aquaculture and offer possible solutions.

Reasons why controlling WSSV virus is so difficult and strategies to help control it.

The use of responsible usage of antibiotics in aquaculture.

Biosecurity in aquaculture

Vibriosis is a serious profit limiting problem to shrimp farmers. This article reviews the use of some tools that can effectively reduce the problem in shrimp and fish hatcheries.

A brief discussion about GMO and its role in aquaculture.

Risks of toxins from blue green algae to aquaculture

A summary of what field experiences are telling us about how to control this toxicosis (EMS-Early mortality syndrome or AHPNS Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Syndrome or Disease) of farmed shrimp.

Summary of current state of knowledge about EMS AHPNS in farmed shrimp

Explains the limitations of PCR as used commonly in aquaculture and specifically shrimp farming.

AHPHS is destroying shrimp farming integrity in many parts of the world. This article reviews what we know about how the disease behaves in the field and what we know about how other members of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus clade move in the environment.

The potential for the use of a variety of materials for reducing the severity and impact of the White Spot Syndrome Virus on penaeid shrimp.

Probiotics in aquaculture.

Shrimp possess immune systems that, although quite complex , are substantially different than vertebrate immune systems. There is no true specific immunity (no true antibodies and substantially less lymphocyte heterogeneity), though some aspects of specific immunity (inducibility) appear to be present in some cases. Shrimp possess both humoral and...

Proactive disease management in shrimp.

Newman SG, Deupree RH. The impact of biotechnology on aquaculture. Aquaculture towards the 21st century. In: Proceedings of Infofish-Aquatech ’94, International Conference on Aquaculture.

Vaccination of fish for the prevention of specific bacterial diseases afffecting commercially reared fish species has had a significant impact on this industry. Almost all of the vaccines available at this time are bacterins or formalin-inactivated whole cell suspensions, some with adjuvants. The first vaccines to be successfully commercialized wer...

A slow-growing, aminoglycoside-resistant mutant and a rapidly-growing pseudo-revertant were isolated from Aeromonas salmonicida, the causative agent of salmonid furunculosis. These mutants continued to elicit a variety of classical virulence factors associated with A. salmonicida pathogenesis. They differed morphologically from the wild-type and fr...

Furunculosis is a severe, profit limiting disease affecting a wide variety of commercially reared fish species throughout the world. The etiologic agent, Aeromonas salmonicida, produces several potential virulence factors and has some interesting biochemical characteristics that make it a difficult organism to produce an effective vaccine against....

SG Newman, JV Bloom, J Majnarich Dev. Biol. Stand 49, 159-162

Disease prevention strategies fall into two broad categories. These are reactive and proactive strategies. There are various tools available for these and various management philosophies incorporate some or all of them. The most common tools for reactive management of diseases are antibiotics. In the US there are very few antibiotics that are speci...

Thesis--University of Miami. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-123).