Stephen C Glass

Grand Valley State University | GVSU · Department of Movement Science

Background: Functional strength training often employs the use of elastic materials that allow for versatile movement. New materials have been developed to provide more options for functional resistance training. Core Stix™ is a new technology that utilizes fiberglass polymer resistance poles flexed through a range of motion, creating tension. This...

Research has found that novice clients, fail to self-select weight that is heavy enough to promote strength gain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a 2-week strength training learning intervention on self-selected resistance training intensity

At some point during their career, most people face the issue of financial planning and how this will affect when they can retire and how they will spend life post retirement. Maybe they hope to travel, spend time with family, or simply do more of the activities and hobbies they just never had the time to do while they were working so hard for many...

Glass, SC, Ahmad, S, and Gabler, T. Effectiveness of a 2-week strength training learning intervention on self-selected weight-training intensity. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an imposed (IM) vs. self-selected (SS) 2-week strength training intervention on SS resistance train...

Balance requires constant adjustments in muscle activation to attain force steadiness. Creating appropriate training can be challenging. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 2 weeks of front squat instability training using a water-filled training tube on force steadiness during an instability challenge. Control (CON, n = 13) and...

A text designed to fit a course specifically for the purpose of preparing exercise science professionals for work in a cardiac rehab environment. The text covers anatomy review, ECG rhythm recognition, 12 lead ECG interpretation, cardiac medications and exercise prescription guidelines for cardiac patients. Students taking a lab-linked course using...

Balance requires constant adjustments in muscle activation to attain force steadiness. Creating appropriate training can be challenging. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two weeks front squat instability training using a water-filled training tube on force steadiness during an instability challenge. Control (CON, n= 13) and e...

Background A novel form of functional training utilizes flexible fiberglass poles for resistance. Similar to elastic bands, as the poles flex, resistance increases. To date, no studies have examined activation patterns associated with such implements. Objective This study examined muscle activation and torso rotation using different pole resistanc...

The purpose of this study was to assess compensatory muscle activation of core and support muscle during an overhead squat using a water-filled training tube. Eleven experienced weight lifting (age= 20.10 ± 0.99, mass 89.17 ± 6.88kg) men completed three, 30s trials of an overhead squat using an 11.4 kg tube that was partially filled with water. A c...

Musculoskeletal health benefits from flexibility training and maintaining a functional, or sport specific, range of motion is important to one's overall fitness. Commercial foam rollers are commonly used in gyms, therapy clinics and homes, yet data are lacking on the optimal rolling duration and effect on range of motion. Purpose: The purpose of th...

PURPOSE: Creating muscle instability may be an effective means of training for stability. Instability may be achieved using an unstable surface or load. The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of muscle instability created during a seated leg extension using a novel unstable load (“slosh tube”) under three different conditions. METHODS:...

The purpose of this study was to assess compensatory muscle activation created during a bicep curl using a water-filled, unstable lifting tube. Ten men (age= 21+ 1.6y, ht=180.0 + 3.3cm, mass= 87.4 + 15.0kg) and ten women (age= 19.6+ 1.3y, ht=161.4 + 12.0cm, mass= 61.2 + 7.4kg) completed bicep curls using an 11.4 kg tube partially filled with water...

Kinesiology For Dummies tracks an introductory course in the science and imparts the basics of human body movement. With this resource, you will learn how physical activity can alleviate chronic illnesses and disabilities, what factors contribute to musculoskeletal injury, and how to reverse those influences. Complete with a 16-page color insert of...

It is not known if manipulating velocity within a prescribed resistance training mode will improve muscle activation. Muscle activations of the Rectus Femoris (RF), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Vastus Medialis (VM) and Bicep Femoris (BF) were examined during a leg extension exercise at 3 different velocities on 15 subjects (10men, 5 female, Age = 21.5 ±...

The purpose of this study was to compare four common rehabilitation exercises used in physical therapy clinics for activating the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL). Thirty-four subjects, aged 22-28 years, without patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) (18 females and 16 males) were recruited. Subjects performed four exercises—str...

Abstract: It is not known if manipulating velocity within a prescribed resistance training mode will improve muscle activation. Muscle activations of the Rectus Femoris (RF), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Vastus Medialis (VM) and Bicep Femoris (BF) were examined during a leg extension exercise at 3 different velocities on 15 subjects (10men, 5 female, Age...

Previous research has shown that individuals self-select loads for resistance training that falls below the accepted threshold for overload and do not lift to volitional fatigue. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a resistance training learning trial on self-selected resistance training load. A control group (5 women, 3 men)...

The trapezius muscle plays a crucial role in maintaining proper shoulder mechanics and is often considered a source of weakness and dysfunction in patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activation patterns of the middle and lower trapezius during four prone horizontal abduction exercises of the glenohumeral joint (GHJ). The musc...

Heart rate (HR) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) are common exercise intensity regulatory strategies, however, some individuals are unable to use these strategies effectively. Alternative or conjunctive strategies may aid in the transition to self-guided programs. The purpose of the present study was to examine the value of a brief, field-ba...

The purpose of this study was to determine the intensity of self-selected weightlifting exercise in untrained men and women. Thirteen men (age = 19.5 +/- 1.9, height = 70.0 +/- 2.4 in., weight = 174 +/- 20.1 lb, % fat = 14.3 +/- 6.7) and 17 women (age =18.7 +/- 1.0, height = 64.9 +/- 2.3 in., weight = 135.4 +/- 22.8 lb, % fat= 23.4 +/- 4.7) who wer...

The heart rate deflection point (HRDP) has been studied as a means to set exercise training intensity in place of the ventilatory threshold (Tvent) due to the limited equipment required. The reliability, validity and utility of the HRDP method has been questioned. Due to variability in heart rate, it is possible to alter the HR/workrate relationshi...

Nine subjects with limited cycling experience (7 male, 2 female: age = 22.4 ± 1.8 y, height = 172.1 ± 10.8 cm, mass = 75.8 ± 15.9 kg, body fat = 12.11 ± 8.2 %, RHR = 56.4 ± 10.6 b/min, RSBP = 126.3 ± 13.0 mm Hg, RDBP = 85.1 ± 7.0 mm Hg) completed incremental cycle ergometer tests at 50 and 100 RPM (30W every 2 min) using an RPM independent cycle er...

CALORIC COST OF MARTIAL ARTS TRAINING IN NOVICE PARTICIPANTS Stephen C. Glass, Elizabeth A. Reeg, Jill L. Bierma. JEPonline. 2002;5(4):29-34. To date no literature exists that accurately quantifies the caloric cost and cardiovascular strain of typical martial arts training drills. The purpose of this study was to examine the caloric cost of martial...

The purpose of this study was to compare heart rate and perceptual responses in healthy, active women while performing the same aerobic exercise routine on land and in the water at a self-selected intensity level. Seven subjects (mean age= 61±3.2 yr) performed an aerobic exercise routine on land and in the water on two consecutive occasions. The ex...

The use of self-selected intensities of exercise may increase adherence to exercise programs by allowing the participant more freedom to choose activities that are enjoyable. However, self-selected intensities may vary across exercise modes, and participants may not choose an intensity that is adequate to produce health benefits. The purpose of thi...

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the relative intensity for peak fat oxidation for cycle ergometer and treadmill exercise. Twenty subjects (8 men and 12 women; age, 26.26 ± 10.36 years; height, 171.18 ± 8.22 cm; mass, 77.25 ± 16.06 kg; percentage of body fat, 22.48 ± 9.04) completed a maximal graded exercise test on a tr...

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between motor unit recruitment within three areas of the lattisimus dorsi (LAT) across three lifting exercises. Fifteen experienced male weight lifters (age = 21.1± 1.2 y, ht = 179.8 ± 5.4 cm, mass = 82.2 ± 7.3 kg) completed 2 sets to failure of a lateral pulldown (PULL), wide grip row (WR...

The purpose of this study was to identify the IEMG threshold in the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles during progressive, incremental exercise and to relate these thresholds to the ventilatory threshold (Tvent). Ten men (age: 23.40 +/- 3.13 yrs, mass 76.64 +/- 8.13 kg, % fat: 8.81 +/- 2.32, VO2peak: 66.37 +/- 10.61 ml.kg.min-1)...

The purpose of this study was to determine heart rate responses to running and cycling at prescribed RPEs without prior testing or pacing. Fourteen subjects (7 M, 7 F) completed 10-min bouts of self-selected exercise at RPEs of 11, 13, and 15 on a cycle ergometer and a 200-m track. [latin capital V with dot above]O2 peak was obtained for both runni...

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between motor unit recruitment within two areas of the pectoralis major and two forms of bench press exercise. Fifteen young men experienced in weight lifting completed 6 repetitions of the bench press at incline and decline angles of +30 and -15[degrees] from horizontal, respectively. Ele...

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in relative intensity for peak fat utilization between high fit (HF) and low fit (LF) individuals. Twenty-four subjects (6 men, 18 women; age = 26.24 ± 10.70 y, ht = 171.59 ± 7.32 cm, mass = 76.77 ± 14.32 kg, fat = 21.89± 6.79%) were divided into HF groups (VO2peak Men > 45.0, Women > 40.0 m...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low, moderate and high wet bulb globe temperatures (Twbg) on cardiovascular variables and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during moderately prolonged, high-intensity exercise. Six subjects [four men and two women; mean (SD) age, 22.0 (1.2) years; maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak), 51.0...

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the accuracy of an exercise intensity prescription based upon perceptual responses obtained during a graded exercise test. Fifteen physically active men completed a graded exercise test (GXT) on a motor driven treadmill. Heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2), and RPE were measured each minute. An RPE...

The purpose of this study was to determine if differences exist in ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) at a predetermined relative heart rate between two standard treadmill protocols and steady state exercise in a field setting. Thirty healthy male (N = 15) and female (N = 15) volunteers were maximally tested using the standard Bruce and a modified...

Thesis (M.A.)--Ball State University, 1989. Research paper, 3 hrs. Includes bibliographical references.