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Publications (244)
Transdisciplinarity (TDS) is claimed to be a necessary condition to support the agroecological transition. Based on an analysis of the literature and a cross-reading of seven French transdisciplinary case-studies, we point out the tensions generated by real TDS activity, especially when combining the logic of actions from researchers and non-academ...
The study aims to typify the diversity of grassroots initiatives in Mexico, the circumstances (e.g. historical, social, ecological) in which they emerge, and the roles and power relationships they establish with different stakeholders to promote agroecology. It addresses the need to comprehend how grassroots initiatives contribute to social change...
Crop losses from pests threaten global food security and safety. In the last six decades, pest control using chemical pesticides has resulted in important yield gains per unit area, worldwide. However, the long-term sustainability of chemical pest control has
been increasingly thrown into doubt due to the negative impact on human health, biodiversi...
Crop losses from pests threaten global food security and safety. In the last six decades, pest control using chemical pesticides has resulted in important yield gains per unit area, worldwide. However, the long-term sustainability of chemical pest control has been increasingly thrown into doubt due to the negative impact on human health, biodiversi...
L’agroécologie est parfois présentée comme une nouvelle discipline issue des Amériques. Si ses origines ont déjà été explorées, elles méritent un approfondissement. Peu d’historiens s’y sont attelés. Quelques agroécologues, souvent américains, ont proposé une reconstruction historique, mais selon une méthode historique imparfaite.
Nous contribuons...
Introduction 59
Approches transnationales de l’agroécologie 60
(Se) former en circulant en Europe 64
Émergence d’une coalition transnationale européenne 67
Conclusion : opportunités et incertitudes d’une montée en échelle 70
Bibliographie 71
The authors recommended four key measures which will be updated and presented to representatives of the EU institutions on several occasions. The four recommendations are:
1) The phasing out of current subsidies by agricultural area and livestock head, and on energy, large equipment and external inputs. Such subsidies create a strong bias in the p...
Agroecology, first conceptualised in the mid-1920s, has recently been attracting increasing interest as an alternative to more industrialised forms of agriculture. However, there is a lack of consistency in definitions of agroecology, ranging from an academic discipline to a movement for the socio-economic as well as ecological transformation of ag...
Agroecology, as a science for the study, design and management of sustainable food systems, retakes epistemic, methodological and practical approaches of transdisciplinarity. However, there is not a unanimous understanding of these approaches and few studies investigate its implementation. Transdisciplinarity is defined lato sensu as the practices...
Organic agriculture is considered to be one of the important development pathways towards a more sustainable agriculture and food production. This development has been and will be dependent on continuous research and innovation. The ERA-NET1 CORE Organic (‘Coordination of European Transnational Research in Organic Food and Farming Systems’) was est...
Seven potential controversial topics in agroecology are presented and discussed from a European perspective comparing the position of Agroecology Europe (AEEU) obtained from an iterative, participatory approach with members and compared with published literature, including views from other parts of the world. The seven controversial topics as follo...
Forum Proceedings of the 2nd Agroecology Europe Forum 2019, including programme, abstracts & workshop outputs.
Ce livre peut être acquis aux éditions QUAE https://www.quae.com/produit/1560/9782759230020/les-mondes-de-l-agroecologie
L’agroécologie en France et au Brésil résulte d’interactions entre la science, des pratiques agricoles et la politique. Nous analysons la manière dont deux institutions publiques de recherche agronomique, l’Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) et l’Institut national de la recherche agronomique (Inra), appréhendent ces frontières à...
In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to exp...
Agroecology has gradually developed in recent decades, but has only recently been more strongly promoted by different movements, organizations, institutions, farmer groups, and scholars.[...]
In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different actors and how these concepts circulate so to explore the interests at...
Historically, agroecology was constructed in specific locales through the articulation of professional, political and intellectual spaces: the ‘agricultural professionals’ space, spaces of scientific research (agronomy, biology, ecology, entomology, social sciences) and social movement spaces that are critical (to varying degrees) of the industrial...
Agriculture in Europe results in the production of food for both the European population and for the export sector. Significant environmental and social problems have emerged with the intensification of European agriculture. These include the loss of biodiversity, the contamination of soils, water, and food with pesticides, and the eutrophication o...
Agroecology has come a long way. In the past ten years, it has reappeared in France throughout the agricultural sector and is now included in public and private strategies and in supportive policies, with collateral interest effects. Is a new “agro-revolution” taking place? To address this issue, using a methodology mixing hyperlink mapping and tex...
We consider the question of whether agroecology can be said to have a theory, given its interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity. Based on the discussions from a workshop at the 2015 conference on The Agroecological Imagination: A Franco-American Exchange, we argue in the affirmative. But rather than understanding theory as universalistic genera...
L’humanité est confrontée à des défis d’envergure face auxquels l’agriculture va jouer un rôle essentiel. L’Agriculture Biologique (AB), souvent présentée comme un modèle de mise en œuvre des principes de l’agroécologie, peut-elle avoir une place prépondérante dans ce contexte ? Ce texte vise à répondre à la question des performances globales de l’...
In recent years, a growing number of actors and institutions, in different countries, have begun using the notion of Agroecology, which has led to an expansion of its polysemy and its controversies. Taking this into account, this paper analyzes, based on the Brazilian and French experiences, the peculiarities of Agroecology in four different fields...
L’agroécologie (AE) s’internationalise et s’institutionnalise. Ce mouvement intéresse ou interpelle l’agriculture biologique (AB). Inversement, l’AB sert de référence en AE, en particulier pour éclairer le potentiel de transition agroécologique. L’objet de ce texte est de montrer comment les relations entre AB et AE orientent leurs dynamiques. En s...
L’agriculture biologique (AB) se présente comme une agriculture s’appuyant sur un renouvellement des connaissances. Elles concernent plusieurs domaines (production, transformation, commercialisation, alimentation, environnement, etc.), et sont portées par une diversité d’acteurs professionnels (agriculteurs, techniciens, chercheurs, etc.). En corol...
A produção técnico-científica internacional em Agroecologia, cuja fundamentação está ancorada nas bases de dados bibliográficas internacionais, o Web of Science (WoS) e o Scopus. Quando começamos a estudar a produção internacional, encontramos menos de 150 textos de pesquisadores brasileiros em mais de 2.500 artigos em Agroecologia (OLLIVIER et al....
Apesar de o modelo agrícola convencional ou industrial ter proporcionadoaumentos significativos de produtividade dos cultivos e formado sistemas“aparentemente” rentáveis, tem sido severamente questionado por estar associadoa uma série de problemas ecológicos e socioambientais...
Apesar de o modelo agrícola convencional ou industrial ter proporcionadoaumentos significativos de produtividade dos cultivos e formado sistemas“aparentemente” rentáveis, tem sido severamente questionado por estar associadoa uma série de problemas ecológicos e socioambientais...
Stakeholders show a growing interest for organic food and farming (OF&F), which becomes a societal component. Rather than questioning whether OF&F outperforms conventional agriculture or not, the main question addressed in this book is how, and in what conditions, OF&F may be considered as a prototype towards sustainable agricultures. The book gath...
Grasslands are a major ecosystem covering about a quarter of earth surface. Grasslands have essential functions including providing high quality food from animal products. Moreover grasslands generally do not compete with crop land and land for other human activities. Grasslands also support the livelihoods of many small holders, a variety of socia...
Avec une reconnaissance croissante, l’agriculture biologique (AB) continue son développement. Dans cet article, nous l’abordons selon deux paradigmes cognitifs - décomposabilité et identité - et dans une perspective relative au dessein de l’AB, en rendant compte des contributions de recherches agronomiques et en sciences sociales. Ces clefs de lect...
La Commission européenne a lancé, en 2012, un Partenariat pour l’innovation sur la productivité et le développement durable de l’agriculture qui comprend un volet sur l'agriculture biologique. Il rassemble vingt experts de différents pays de l’UE qui doivent répondre à l’interrogation : Comment réduire les écarts de rendement entre agriculture conv...
Grasslands are a major ecosystem covering about a quarter of earth surface. Grasslands have essential functions including providing high quality food from animal products. Moreover grasslands generally do not compete with crop land and land for other human activities. Grasslands also support the livelihoods of many small holders, a variety of socia...
Organic fruit farming combines multiple functions. By using fewer pesticides, organic fruit farming has a lower impact on environmental compartments (e.g., biological diversity, water, etc.) than other forms of farming, allowing it to be considered as a model of ecologised practices. The market for organically-produced fruits is also expanding. It...
Les interrogations sur la modernisation agricole ne sont pas nouvelles, comme l'atteste la profusion de qualifications de l'agriculture issue de mouvements sociaux ou de la recherche. Elles proposent des réformes plus ou moins radicales et/ou conceptuellement construites de l’agriculture. Nous décrivons l'émergence de ces conceptions dans l'arène s...
L’agroécologie est restée relativement confidentielle en France jusqu’à la fin des années 2000. Ce constat est d’autant plus surprenant qu’un ouvrage séminal d’Altieri (1986), principal auteur du courant américain, a été publié en France. Cet ouvrage présentait les bases scientifiques de l’agroécologie et en montrait la portée pour des agricultures...
Combining crops and livestock within integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS) represents an opportunity to improve the sustainability of farming systems. The objective of this paper is to analyse how agroecological principles can help farmers to redesign and improve the resilience, self-sufficiency, productivity, and efficiency of ICLS. Relying on...
VIII Congresso Brasileiro de Agroecologia - Porte Alegre/RS - 25 a 28/11/2013
In this article we explore the relationship between Agro-ecology and Organic Agriculture. The debate within scientific communities in different parts of the world and the analysis of positions or discourses of researchers and articles indicate that different combinations, exchanges and interactions between Organic Agriculture and Agro-ecology are u...
The feasibility of achieving greater sustainability of animal production is highly debated. Some argue that pollution emissions from livestock farming (e.g., GHG, excess nitrogen, and loss of biodiversity), and increased allocation of land to monoculture for specialized and industrialized animal production systems, are significant to the debate ove...
Neste artigo, exploramos a relação entre Agroecologia e Agricultura Orgânica. O debate na comunidade científica em alguns países e a análise das posições ou discursos de pesquisadores e artigos apontam para distintas combinações, trocas e interações entre a Agricultura Orgânica e Agroecologia. Nesse sentido, primeiramente, com base na revisão de li...
Organic fruit farming combines multiple functions. By using fewer pesticides, organic fruit farming has a lower impact on environmental compartments (e. g., biological diversity, water, etc.) than other forms of farming, allowing it to be considered as a model of ecologised practices. The market for organically-produced fruits is also expanding. It...
In the last decades, there have been profound changes in the understanding of farming systems: farms are no longer seen as facing a stable environment, thus allowing a focus on optimising production systems. Rather, farms are conceptualised as evolving and adaptive, so as to be able to respond to an ever-changing environment. The adaptive approach...
In modern societies, farmers not only have to be efficient in food production, but also ensure that ecological services such as pollination, pest control or biodiversity conservation are effective. Therefore, the role of the environment needs to be reconsidered in redesigning or assessing farming systems. This chapter questions and redefines the us...
Research programs referring to agroecology increased during the past decade. They seek to generate knowledge and innovations to support transition processes in agriculture, as related with food and environment. They also intend to develop alternative research methods (interdisciplinarity, partnership, participatory) and topics (sustainable food sys...
Texte inscrit dans le dictionnaire des mots de l'agronomie disponible en ligne 1. Définitions de l"agroécologie D"après les différents usages courants du terme, l"agroécologie, évoquée dés le début du 20 ème siècle par les disciplines agronomiques et biologiques, peut être définie comme un ensemble disciplinaire alimenté par le croisementdes scienc...
Apple production is among the most intensively sprayed productions. Orchards' design usually targets productivity rather than autonomy and reproducibility. However, as perennial and multistrata systems, orchards create complex design opportunities to promote natural regulation processes and to address sustainability issues. Besides, there are speci...
L’agroécologie est restée relativement confidentielle en France jusqu’à la fin des années 2000. Ce constat est d’autant plus surprenant qu’un ouvrage séminal d’Altieri (1986), principal auteur du courant américain, a été publié en France. Cet ouvrage présentait les bases scientifiques de l’agroécologie et en montrait la portée pour des agricultures...
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Les systèmes horticoles (arboriculture et maraîchage) sont parmi les plus intensifs en main d'oeuvre et en intrants ; la production conventionnelle repose sur un usage intense des produits phytosanitaires, pour satisfaire les critères d'accès aux circuits commerciaux des grandes et moyennes surfaces, et en particulier le "zéro défaut visuel".
Résultats des recherches du département Inra-Sad n° 2011/33 ___________________ Concilier des performances pour une agriculture durable L'agriculture biologique comme prototype L'agriculture biologique est de plus en plus reconnue comme prototype d'agriculture durable car elle combine de multiples performances. Toutefois des tensions apparaissent e...
During the last decade the context in which farmers must manage their farm has changed rapidly, and often with little warning. Dramatic price swings for agricultural commodities, more stringent quality requirements, new environmental regulations, the debates surrounding genetically modified crops, extreme climatic events, the demand for energy crop...
La mise en œuvre de la protection intégrée des cultures (PIC) suppose de combiner des moyens de lutte, en particulier non chimiques, contre les bioagresseurs en ciblant tous les stades de leurs cycles de vie et pas uniquement les stades qui provoquent des dégâts sur les cultures. Cette protection peut passer par la mise en œuvre de pratiques qui fa...
Aphid populations, including a widespread pest, Myzus persicae, are known to be affected by cultural practices, plant growth and natural regulation, but their control in orchards most frequently relies on regular treatments aiming to avoid direct damage and virus transmission. This study aimed first at characterising farmers’ management strategies...
Considering the various negative side effects of intensive chemical pest control practices, a fundamental shift towards alternative approaches for crop protection is at stake in the agricultural sphere. The control of peach tree aphids requires regular and numerous treatments to achieve protection against direct damage and virus transmission. Howev...
During the last decade the context in which farmers must manage their farm has changed rapidly, and often with little warning.
Dramatic price swings for agricultural commodities, more stringent quality requirements, new environmental regulations, the
debates surrounding genetically modified crops, extreme climatic events, the demand for energy crop...
Innovative cropping systems leading to high quality production and limiting chemical input are required to meet agriculture challenges. However designing cropping systems with reference to the cultivated plot constitutes an obstacle to innovation. We illustrate this viewpoint using fruit tree cropping systems as a case study. The following points w...
A wider range of stakeholders is expected to be involved in organic research. A decision‐support tool is needed to define priorities and to allocate tasks among institutions. Based on research and management experience in organic research, the authors have developed a framework for experimental and research projects. The framework is based on a mul...
Organic Farming (OF) is based on 4 principles: ecology, health, care, and fairness (Ifoam, 2005). Considering the first principle, ecological engineering suggests that the relationship between short term yield and sustainability will inevitably be negative (Weiner, 2003). As for economics, ecological engineering perspective on agricultural producti...
The literature shows that the systems advocating the productivity relatively neglect the ecological services whereas those based on these services, as Organic Farming (OF), are generally less productive. Which balance between these two issues should be found and would contribute to a sustainable agriculture? OF as a value-laden agriculture, whose p...
This paper deals with two interconnected questions: How can organic farming (OF) cope with the increasing environmental issues? How can environmental issues be a cornerstone for the future development of organic agriculture? In this paper we propose to re-assess the doublebind relationship between organic agriculture and environmental issues. Our a...
I. Origines et enjeux d’une « agroécologie pour l’action » ............... 3
A. L’agroécologie aujourd’hui......................................3
B. L’agroécologie en action................................................. 4
II. Le SAD et l’agroécologie................................................................ 5
A. L’agroécologie en Franc...
Communication lors d'un séminaire ( 3. séminaire INRA-Confédération Paysanne : Quelles politiques agricoles pour quels systèmes de production ; Criquetot-L'Esneval (FRA) - (2008-04)) ayant fait l'objet d'une édition dans la revue "Les dossiers de l'environnement"
SAD CT1 barbier@supagro.inra.fr Partie III : les modèles techniques en question Chapitre 9
Quels enjeux et quelles perspectives pour l'agriculture biologique à l’heure d’une demande croissante de la société ? Quels parcours pour les agriculteurs en transition vers l’agriculture biologique, qu’il s’agisse d’installation, de conversion ou de développement ? Quels accompagnements pour faciliter ces transitions ? Cet ouvrage présente des élé...
En écho aux chapitres précédents et aux enjeux développés dans le chapitre 1, ce chapitre présente une synthèse des conditions favorisant la conversion au niveau individuel, collectif, et territorial.
Ce chapitre propose une mise en perspective historique montrant que la bio a fortement évolué, tant de manière interne que dans ses rapports à la société. Il apporte des éléments de compréhension de la situation actuelle de l’AB dans notre pays et introduit l’analyse des transitions à l’AB, traitées pour les principaux systèmes de production dans l...