Stephan Schwartzman

• PhD
• Environmental Defense Fund

Legislation governing strict-protection nature reserves in Brazil in principle precludes human habitation, but virtually all Amazon reserves are nonetheless inhabited. Historical ecology research reported herein assesses the impacts of occupation and resource use by beiradeiros (forest peasants) on the forests of a strictly designated nature reserv...

Maintaining the abundance of carbon stored aboveground in Amazon forests is central to any comprehensive climate stabilization strategy. Growing evidence points to indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) as buffers against large-scale carbon emissions across a nine-nation network of indigenous territories (ITs) and protected natural areas...

In the mid-1970’s rubber tapper leaders Chico Mendes and Wilson Pinheiro reformulated strategic objectives of the rubber tappers’ movement, from protesting and denouncing violent dispossession of families and deforestation to defending rubber tappers’ forest territories and diversified land use. This strategic turn laid the basis for the rubber tap...

Com objetivo fazer com que de maneira progressiva, os municípios de Mato Grosso e do Pará se tornem territórios com uma produção de maior sustentabilidade, a ferramenta vem no sentido de alinhar e aproximar as ações e compromissos empresariais de acabar com o desmatamento em cadeias de fornecimento à iniciativas e compromissos assumidos pelo Poder...

With the aim of gradually increase the sustainability performance of the municipalities in Mato Grosso and Pará, this report proposes a tool for better alignment and approximation of the corporate commitments to end deforestation in supply chains to the initiatives and commitments assumed by the government and society of Mato Grosso and Pará. To th...

The 280,000 km² of indigenous lands and protected areas (ILPAs) of the Xingu river basin form a continuous forest corridor inhabited by 25 indigenous peoples and about 185 riverine (ribeirinho) families. Spanning one of the world's most intense deforestation zones in Pará and Mato Grosso states, the Xingu ILPAs exemplify how Brazilian government po...

Carbon sequestration is a widely acknowledged and increasingly valued function of tropical forest ecosystems; however, until recently, the information needed to assess the carbon storage capacity of Amazonian indigenous territories (ITs) and protected natural areas (PNAs) in a global context remained either lacking or out of reach. Here, as part of...

The 280 000 km² Xingu indigenous lands and protected areas (ILPAs) corridor, inhabited by 24 indigenous peoples and about 215 riverine (ribeirinho) families, lies across active agriculture frontiers in some of the historically highest-deforestation regions of the Amazon. Much of the Xingu is anthropogenic landscape, densely inhabited and manag...

Amazon social movements arose, like many others globally, in conflicts with political and economic elites over land use and resource extraction. Amazon social movements have moved beyond protest to protagonize large-scale forest protection. The article examines the history of the Transamazon highway colonists’ movement and its articulation of an al...

The Panará, a Gê tribe of Central Brazil, were nearly exterminated when the government opened a road through the center of their territory in the early 1970s. The survivors were relocated, and 15 yr later returned to reoccupy their remaining territory. The story of the Panará is representative of the Brazilian Indians of the Amazon, who since the 1...

Government commitments and market transitions lay the foundation for an effort to save the forest and reduce carbon emission.

Tropical deforestation is responsible for 15-20% of total man-made emissions of greenhouse gases. In December 2007, at the international conference of Bali, the United Nations acknowledged that a viable solution to climate change must include a mechanism to limit deforestation and forest degradation. Today, the most widely used economic tool to red...

This article was submitted without an abstract, please refer to the full-text PDF file.

Tropical forests store 200 billion tonnes of carbon (200 petagrams [Pg] C) globally.1 Deforestation is releasing these stocks into the atmosphere, and both regional and global feedbacks could cause massive carbon emissions, contributing to global warming and the collapse of the ecological equilibrium of tropical forest ecosystems.2 In Amazonia, for...

The article emphasizes the importance of adaptation to climate change ahead of the 2007 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali. A map visualises the main impacts of climate change identified in the 4th IPCC report. Small islands, deltas and low-lying areas like the Maldives or Bangladesh are among the most vulnerable regions. Financial me...

Este artigo aborda a Terra do Meio (PA), região brasileira localizada em um dos estados mais conflituosos da Amazônia, que tem se convertido em um desafio simbólico para a gestão pública integrada neste país. Ela está em um contexto que traz elementos característicos de um complexo sistema geopolítico: grilagem de terras e exploração irracional dos...

Terra do Meio, a region of the state of Pará, the most conflict-ridden in the Brazilian Amazon, presents an emblematic challenge for integrated public administration in the country, since it typifies characteristic frontier geopolitics: illegal occupation of public lands, irrational resource usage, absence of government, and inconsistent public pol...

Conservation scientists generally agree that many types of protected areas will be needed to protect tropical forests. But little is known of the comparative performance of inhabited and uninhabited reserves in slowing the most extreme form of forest disturbance: conversion to agriculture. We used satellite-based maps of land cover and fire occurre...

A lthough greenhouse gas emis-sions from the burning of fossil fuels are the principal causes of global warming, tropical deforestation is responsible for 20 to 25 percent of annual global carbon dioxide emissions (IPCC, 2000). However, the Kyoto Pro-tocol has not adopted any mechanism for considering tropical forest conservation or prevention of d...

The current annual rates of tropical deforestation from Brazil and Indonesia alone would equal four-fifths of the emissions reductions gained by implementing the Kyoto Protocol in its first commitment period, jeopardizing the goal of Protocol to avoid dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. We propose the novel concept of comp...

Ongoing alliances between indigenous peoples and conservation organizations in the Brazilian Amazon have helped achieve the official recognition of ∼1 million km² of indigenous lands. The future of Amazonian indigenous reserves is of strategic importance for the fate of biodiversity in the region. We examined the legislation governing resource use...

2 The Woods Hole Research Center, P.O. Box 296, 13 Church Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543–0296, U.S.A., and Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia ( IPAM ), Travessa Dr. Eneas Pinheiro, 66087–430 Belém, Pará, Brazil

According to some conservationists, large, pristine, uninhabited parks are the defining criterion of success in conserving tropical forests. They argue that human residents in tropical forests inevitably deplete populations of large animals through hunting, which triggers a chain reaction of ecological events that greatly diminish the conservation...

To halt the dramatic alteration in our climate, there must be a reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases. As Bonnie and colleagues discuss in their Perspective, conservation of forests will increase carbon sequestration and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. In this issue, a cost-benefit analysis by Kremen et al. demonstrates the benefits of f...

Indigenous Peoples, Ethnic Groups and the State. David Maybury‐Lewis. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1997.168 pp. Malaysia and the Original People:. Case Study of the Impact of Development on Indigenous Peoples. Robert Knox Dentan. Kirk Endicott. Alberto G. Gomes. and M. B. Hooker. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1997. 175 pp. Forest Dwellers, Forest Pr...

Indigenous Peoples, Ethnic Groups and the State. David Maybury-Lewis. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1997.168 pp.Malaysia and the Original People:. Case Study of the Impact of Development on Indigenous Peoples. Robert Knox Dentan. Kirk Endicott. Alberto G. Gomes. and M. B. Hooker. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1997. 175 pp.Forest Dwellers, Forest Prot...

Indigenous organizations fear that ranchers and mining interests will interpret the recent revision of land-demarcation rules as open season on indigenous land.

The research and scientific community is of two opinions on the subject of extractive reserves, or protected forest areas managed by forest peoples. Some researchers hold that extractive reserves are a promising example of sustainable development for tropical forest areas, whereas others argue that economic problems with the extraction non-timber f...

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Anthropology, August 1988. Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, leaves 478-484).

La déforestation tropicale est responsable de 15 à 20 % de l'ensemble des émissions humaines de gaz à effet de serre. En décembre 2007, lors de la conférence internationale de Bali, les Nations Unies ont reconnu qu'une solution viable au changement climatique devait intégrer un mécanisme visant à limiter la déforestation et la dégradation des forêt...

Papers presented at the Seminário sobre Mudanças Climáticas Globais e os Ecossistemas Brasileiros, held Oct. 22-23, 1998, in Brasília Incluye bibliografía e índice