Stefano Scoglio

Obesity and related metabolic dysfunctions are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is a cyanobacterium considered a suitable supplement for its nutritional profile and beneficial properties. The potential neuroprotective effect of an AFA extract, commercialized as KlamExtra®, inclu...

The blue-green algae Aphanizomenon flos aquae (AFA), rich in beneficial nutrients, exerts various beneficial effects, acting in different organs including the gut. Klamin® is an AFA extract particularly rich in β-PEA, a trace-amine considered a neuromodulator in the central nervous system. To date, it is not clear if β-PEA exerts a role in the ente...

Background:: After submitting our review report on Corman et al. (referred hereinafter as CD-report) and republishing it on a scientific preprint server (http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4298004) and Researchgate.net we offered the report for public discussion at cormandrostenreview.com on 27th November 2020. The scientific community provided addition...

After submitting our review report on Corman et al. (referred hereinafter as CD-report) andrepublishing it on a scientific preprint server [50] and Researchgate.net [51] we offered thereport for public discussion at cormandrostenreview.com on 27th November 2020. Thescientific community provided additional literature, references, and analyses concer...

This extensive review report has been officially submitted to Eurosurveillance editorial board on 27th November 2020 via their submission-portal, enclosed to this review report is a retraction request letter, signed by all the main & co-authors. First and last listed names are the first and second main authors. All names in between are co-authors....

Background: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is a unicellular cyanobacterium considered to be a "superfood" for its complete nutritional profile and beneficial properties. We investigated possible beneficial effects of an AFA extract, commercialized as AphaMax®, containing concentrated amount of phycocyanins and phytochrome, in 2,4 dinitrobenzensulf...

Microalgae are generally considered an excellent source of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive molecules that make them suitable to be introduced in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food industries. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA), an edible microalga, contains numerous biomolecules potentially able to prevent some pathologies including age-related dis...

Cyanobacteria have been recognized as a source of bioactive molecules to be employed in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and functional foods. An extract of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA), commercialized as Klamin®, was subjected to chemical analysis to determine its compounds. The AFA extract Klamin® resulted to be nontoxic, also at high doses, wh...

Microcystins have been the subject of increasingly alarming popular and scientific articles, which have taken as their unquestionable foundation the provisional Guideline of 1 μg/L established by the WHO Panel on microcystins levels in water, and mechanically translated by the Oregon government as 1 μg/g of Klamath Aphanizomenon flos aquae microalg...

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurobiological condition with onset in childhood. The disorder is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and/or motor hyperactivity, which often affect the development and social integration of affected subjects. Phenylethylamine (PEA), naturally contained in the Klamath Lake microal...

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) and two of its extracts, Blue extract and Pure-PC on Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1 growth ability and antimicrobial activity. The influence of these compounds on the viability and the resistance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions of L. acidophilus DDS-1...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro inhibitory effects of the edible microalga Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) on human UDP-α-d-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) activity, a cytosolic enzyme involved both in tumor progression and in phytochemical bioavailability. Methods: Both the hydrophilic and ethanolic AFA extrac...

Klamath algae (Aphanizomenon flos-aquae [AFA] Ralfs ex Born. & Flah. Var. flos aquae), an unicellular microalgae living in the Klamath freshwater lake (USA), presents a very complete nutritional profile, with a very high bioavailabitlity level: 20 amino-acids, more than 60 minerals and trace elements, 14 vitamins, 15 carotenoids, chlorophyll, β-car...

The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay has been widely used to quantify peroxyl radical scavenging capacity of pure antioxidant compounds and antioxidant plant/food extracts. However, it has never been applied to natural compounds derived from microalgae-based dietary supplements, namely, phycocyanin (PC) and phycocyanobilin (PCB), for...

Background: Psoriasis is a difficult and complex pathology, involving diverse etiological factors, from inflammation to psychological stress. Its treatment with biologic and chemical drugs is not always successful, and may generate also relevant side effects. In recent years, phycocyanins from blue-green algae have demonstrated powerful antinflamma...

Background and aim: Because of a growing demand for alternative treatments of the psychological and somatic/vasomotor symptoms related to menopausal transition, in this study we aimed to investigate the effect of a 2-month supplementation period with the Klamath algae extract (Klamin, Nutratec Srl, Urbino, Italy) on the general and psychological w...

The invention provides extracts of the microalga Aphanizomenon Flos Aquae Aquae Ralfs ex Born. & Flah. Var. flos aquae (AFA Klamath) and purified components thereof useful for the prevention or treatment of neurological, neurodegenerative and mood conditions or diseases.

Vitamin B12 is a critical nutrient that is often inadequate in a plant-based (vegan) diet, thus the inclusion of a reliable vitamin B12 source in a vegan diet is recommended as essential. Unfortunately, many natural sources of vitamin B12 have been proven to contain biologically inactive vitamin B12 analogues, inadequate for human supplementation....

Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is a fresh water unicellular blue-green alga (cyanophyta) rich in phycocyanin (PC), a photosynthetic pigment with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of a novel natural extract from AFA enriched with PC to protect normal human erythrocytes and plasma samp...

Phycocyanin (PC) is a water soluble biliprotein present in blue green algae as accessory photosynthetic pigment. Recently, several studies demonstrated that PC has important antioxidant capacities, inhibiting lipid peroxidation both in epatocytes and erythrocytes and protecting DNA from oxidative damage. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant...