Stefan Naumann

• Prof. Dr.
• Managing Director at University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld

In this paper, we propose an innovative method for determining the fill level of containers, such as trash cans, addressing a critical aspect of waste management. The method combines spatial impulse response analysis with machine learning (ML) techniques, offering a unique and effective approach for sound-based classification that can be extended t...

According to the guiding principles of Industry 4.0, edge computing enables the data-sovereign and near-real-time processing of data directly at the point of origin. Using these edge devices in manufacturing organization will drive the use of industrial analysis, control, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications close to production. The goal o...

In this paper, we propose an innovative method for determining the fill level of containers, such as trash cans, addressing a critical aspect of waste management. The method combines spatial impulse response analysis with machine learning techniques, offering a unique and effective approach for sound-based classification that can be extended to var...

Progressing digitalization and increasing demand and use of software cause rises in energy- and resource consumption from information and communication technologies (ICT). This raises the issue of sustainability in ICT, which increasingly includes the sustainability of the software products themselves and the art of creating sustainable software. T...

The research field of resource and energy-efficient software is still rather young and there are uncertainties and ambiguities hindering people from conducting their own measurements. This leads to the software-induced environmental impact only rarely being considered in practice. While researchers and practitioners have produced methods, tools, gu...

The use of Artificial Intelligence, and especially Machine Learning methods, promise to play key roles in the development of Digital Twins due to their outstanding properties in processing large IoT data streams. However, so far, there is a lack of research on the systematisation of Machine Learning-based Digital Twins (MLDTs) as well as on their m...

Progressing digitalization and increasing demand and use of software cause rises in energy-and resource consumption from information and communication technologies (ICT). This raises the issue of sustainability in ICT, which increasingly includes the sustainability of the software products themselves and the art of creating sustainable software. To...

Digital transformation is both an opportunity and a challenge. To take advantage of this opportunity for humans and the environment, the transformation process must be understood as a design process that affects almost all areas of life. In this paper, we investigate AI-Based Self-Adaptive Cyber-Physical Process Systems (AI-CPPS) as an extension of...

An important task in the field of sensor technology is the efficient implementation of adaptation procedures of measurements from one sensor to another sensor of identical design. One idea is to use the estimation of an affine transformation between different systems, which can be improved by the knowledge of experts. This paper presents an improve...

This book is an outcome of the 36th International Conference EnviroInfo 2022, held at the University of Hamburg, Germany, organized by the technical committee for Environmental Informatics of the German Informatics Society. It presents a selection of papers that describe innovative scientific approaches and ongoing research in environmental informa...

This book presents the main research results of the 36th edition of the long-standing and established international and interdisciplinary conference series on environmental information and communication technologies (EnviroInfo 2022). The conference was held from 26 to 28 of September 2022. It was organized under the patronage of the Technical Comm...

This book is an outcome of the 35th International Conference EnviroInfo 2021 in Berlin, organized by the technical committee for Environmental Informatics of the German Informatics Society. It presents a selection of papers that describe innovative scientific approaches and ongoing research in environmental informatics and the emerging field of env...

This book is an outcome of the 35th International Conference EnviroInfo 2021, held at Humboldt University Berlin, organized by the technical committee for Environmental Informatics of the German Informatics Society. It presents a selection of papers that describe innovative scientific approaches and ongoing research in environmental informatics and...

This book presents the main research results of the 35th edition of the long-standing and established international and interdisciplinary conference series on environmental information and communication technologies (EnviroInfo 2021). The conference was held from 27 to 29 of September 2021. It was organized by the HTW Berlin University of Applied S...

The energy consumption of information and communication technology is still increasing and comprises components such as data centers, the network, end devices, and also the software running on these components. Following the motto “What you can’t measure you can’t manage,” it is helpful and reasonable to develop and validate criteria for software p...

Estimations of today’s energy consumption of information and communication technologies (ICT) range from 2 to 9 % of the total produced energy and forecasts for the year 2030 predict an increase up to 21 %. Even though these numbers are controversial, it cannot be denied that the consumption growth of large impact factors, like data centers, networ...

Energy consumption induced through information technology, i.e. hardware and software, is constantly increasing. In this article, we present the “Blue Angel”, a label that evaluates and classifies the resource and energy efficiency of software. In particular, the process by which the label was developed is presented. We also describe the components...

Online Learning algorithms and Indoor Positioning Systems are complex applications in the environment of cyber-physical systems. These distributed systems are created by networking intelligent machines and autonomous robots on the Internet of Things using embedded systems that enable the exchange of information at any time. This information is proc...

As part of Green IT, the field of green software engineering has seen a rise in interest over the past years. Several methods for as- sessing the energy efficiency of software were devised, which are partially based upon rather different approaches and partially come to similar conclusions. In this paper, we take an in-depth look at two methods for...

While counteracting the increasing demand for natural resources and especially energy of ICT, first successes have become apparent by activities comprised by the term “Green IT”. Nowadays, many of the current activities lay emphasis on the hardware side of Green IT. However, software issues play a significant role in defining system and hardware re...

Containerization is one of the most important topics for modern data centers and web developers. Since the number of containers on one- and multi-node systems is growing, knowledge about the energy consumption behavior of single web-service containers is essential in order to save energy and, of course, money. In this article, we are going to show...

The interaction between biological tissues and light of a certain wavelength is influenced by the optical properties of each tissue. These are typically estimated from of the measurements of the main characteristics of the radiations pathway. We herein present our approach that uses a customized version of the Monte Carlo Multi-Layer Algorithm (MC...

Many authors have proposed criteria to assess the ‘‘environmental friendliness’’ or ‘‘sustainability’’ of software products. However, a causal model that links observable properties of a software product to conditions of it being green or (more general) sustainable is still missing. Such a causal model is necessary because software products are int...

The ubiquity of information and communication technologies (ICT) results in substantial amounts of energy consumption and thus, CO2-emissions. Since software induces the energy consumption of hardware, some reliable procedures and tests for measuring software are necessary. We present such a method and prove our measurement concept by applying it t...

This book presents the latest findings and ongoing research in connection with green information systems and green information & communication technology (ICT). It provides valuable insights into a broad range of cross-cutting concerns in ICT and the environmental sciences, and showcases how ICT can be used to effectively address environmental and...

In this research project, the evaluation basis for resource-efficient software is being researched. To this end, an impact model is being developed that shows the link between the use of software and the energy consumption of hardware as well as the use of hardware. By classifying software products into local applications, remote data storage and p...

Dieses Dokument ist Ergebnis des ersten von fünf Arbeitspaketen im UFOPLAN-Projekt „Sustainable Software Design – Entwicklung und Anwendung von Bewertungsgrundlagen für ressourceneffiziente Softwareprodukte unter Berücksichtigung bestehender Methodik“ des Umweltbundesamtes. Ziel des Projekts ist es, eine Methodik zur Bewertung der Umweltwirkungen v...

The following contribution presents an approach how information and communication technology (ICT) can be used to support local cooperation and neighborhood effects. The presented approach maps typical real-world processes in the area of local cooperation between stakeholders from schools, universities and companies to an Internet platform with the...

The awareness for software as an important player regarding the energy consumption caused by ICT steadily increased in the past years. The impact of software on the energy consumption is also more and more accepted by the research community under the umbrella of sustainability in general. Nevertheless, the end user is still only slightly or not add...

Sustainability intersects Information and Communication Technology in two domains: Green IT (how can we make ICT itself more sustainable?) and Green by IT (how can we achieve sustainability through ICT?). On a closer look, it is software that links these two fields: In “classic” Green IT, there are many ways to build and use hardware in a more ener...

Within research in the context of ‘Green (in) IT’ (ways to make ICT itself greener) and ‘Green by IT’ (possibilities to encourage environmental-friendly movements by ICT), it turned out that, next to the hardware aspects, the software side also gains big importance. Software causes hardware activity and is responsible for energy consumption...

The number of electronic devices in households as well as in industrial workplaces is continuously growing because of progress in automation. Identifying unusual operating behavior, detecting device failures in advance, and recognizing energy saving potentials are key features to improve the reliability, safety, and profitability of those systems....

The energy consumption of information and communication technology (ICT) is still increasing. Even though several solutions regarding the hardware side of Green IT exist, the software contribution to Green IT is not well investigated. The carbon footprint is one way to rate the environmental impacts of ICT. In order to get an impression of the indu...

Der Energieverbrauch von Computer-Systemen unterliegt einem kontinuierlichem Wachstum. Bereits 2006 sagte das statistische Amt der Europäischen Union voraus, dass im Jahr 2020 bis zu 20 % des weltweiten Energiebedarfs auf Informationstechnik zurückzuführen sein wird. Aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten zeigen, dass neben der eingesetzten Hardware insbesond...

The energy consumption of information and communication technology (ICT) is still increasing. Since several concepts regarding hardware solutions for Green IT exist, the contribution of software to Green IT is still not well investigated. This comprises the production and the usage impact of software on energy consumption. In our paper, we discuss...

Utilization of mobile and embedded devices, and thus their induced energy consumption, is constantly increasing. Reducing the energy consumption of such devices will not only improve the carbon footprint of contemporary mobile information technology usage, but will also extend the device lifetime, improve user acceptance and reduce operational cost...

In the field of information and computer technology (ICT), saving energy has its focus set on energy efficient hardware and its operation. Recently, efforts have also been made in the area of computer software. However, the development of energy efficient software requires metrics, which measure the software's energy consumption as well as models t...

The resource and power consumption of ICT is still increasing, but also the benefits of ICT, e.g. in finding more efficient solutions for environmental problems. To date, it is not clear, whether the resource and energy savings through ICT overbalance the resource and energy consumption by ICT, or not. Up to now, manifold efforts of Green IT addres...

Caused by the movement to a sustainable development, Green IT is still a big trend and more than just a buzz phrase. Especially data centers are working on their own energy efficiency. Additionally, Green IT needs to involve end users as the ones who play a decisive role in the utilization phase of ICT (ICT: information and communication technology...

Sustainability is a keyword in the 21th century. It gains importance in all industry sectors, in politics and in public perception. In our paper we give an overview of our research in the field of sustainability in computer science. We focus on software and the development of software. Therefore we make a proposal for a life cycle model which helps...

Many governmental institutions and other organizations have started to provide their customers with access to their documents by electronic means. This alters the way of interaction between authorities and citizens considerably. Hence, it is worthwhile to look at both the chances and the risks that this process of change implies for disabled citize...

The demographic change in European societies has led to raise attention for the needs of elderly people. Many of elderly people suffer from cognitive as well as from physical restrictions. This impacts their ability to participate and to communicate in their social environment. This could be substituted by constructing a virtual social environment...

The power consumption of ICT and Internet is still increasing. To date, it is not clear if the energy savings through ICT overbalance the energy consumption by ICT, or not. In either case, it is suggestive to enforce the energy efficiency of the Web. In our paper, we present a set of 12 principles, which help e.g. to reduce the net load by caching...

The power consumption of ICT is still increasing. To date it is not clear if the energy savings through ICT overbalance the energy consumption by ICT or not. Where manifold efforts of Green IT address the environmental aspects of sustainability considering computer hardware, there is a lack of models, descriptions, or realizations in the area of co...

Many governmental institutions provide their customers with access to documents by electronic means. It is worthwhile to look at both the chances and the risks which this process implies for disabled citizens. Due to legal constraints governmental authorities are particularly responsible to consider the needs of handicapped persons. Our contributio...

The World Wide Web is a widely accepted system for sharing informa- tion. Therefore, governmental as well as non-governmental organizations use it to make available and to disseminate environmental information. But there are more than eight billion Web pages in existence and the number is increasing. Due to this fact locating environmental informat...

In this chapter we describe the “eFood-Coop” software system that supports an eco-community in ordering, purchasing and delivering organic products such as food, clean construction material and so forth. In addition, offering services and hiring or lending goods such as tools and so forth can be supported. Besides presenting products, the software...

In this chapter we describe the “eFood-Coop” software system that supports an eco-community in ordering, purchasing and delivering organic products such as food, clean construction material and so forth. In addition, offering services and hiring or lending goods such as tools and so forth can be supported. Besides presenting products, the software...

Der zunehmende Einsatz von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien begünstigt nicht automatisch eine nachhaltige, dauerhaft umweltgerechte Entwicklung. Es ist politischer Gestaltungswille erforderlich, wenn sich auf dem Weg in eine globale Informationsgesellschaft eine nachhaltige Entwicklung ergeben soll. Die Autoren zeigen Chancen und Risike...

Die Suche nach geeigneten Produkten in Datenbanken und Internet stellt eine wesentliche Aufgabe in elektronischen Geschäftsprozessen dar. Dabei hängt die Qualität der Suchergebnisse im Wesentlichen von drei Faktoren ab: Genauigkeit der Anfrage, Struktur und Qualität des Produktdatenbestandes und Art des Suchverfahrens. In dieser Arbeit werden Metho...

To support sustainable development especially in rural regions, often customer cooperation is needed, because small ecological businesses often have inadequate distribution systems. In this paper we describe a research project that improves regional development by an application which supports a community in ordering, supplying and distributing org...

In den letzten Jahren gewann der weltweite Handel auf Internet-Marktplätzen immer weiter an Bedeutung. Um sich mit seinem Marktplatz im Internet zu behaupten, ist es fair den Betreiber wichtig, von der Struktur und vom Aufbau her ein möglichst breites Publikum anzusprechen und an sich zu binden. Der Erfolg einer Handelsbörse zeichnet sich nicht all...