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Introduction
Srijana Joshi currently works at International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development. Srijana does research in Botany. Their current project is 'Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative'.
Current institution
Additional affiliations
February 2011 - present
Publications
Publications (66)
This educational material is produced to help government agencies,
the academic community, and volunteers to identify invasive alien
plant species in their area of work and that pose a threat in the
landscape. Early detection of the species is an essential first step in
the cost-effective removal or control and management of invasive
species. This...
Mountain pastoralism is at risk of extinction due to changing socio-economic contexts. Though animal husbandry in mountainous area is one of the oldest economically valuable traditions and practices, herders are gradually shifting towards other occupations due to higher opportunities for income generation. High mortality rate of livestock is one of...
Yak herding, a market-based tradition, is vanishing gradually. The changing environment such as climate change, policy context, and socioeconomic change is not in favor of yak herding. Using a choice experiment survey approach, this study determines the yak herders’ preferences to improve yak herding in Kanchenjunga Landscape, Nepal. The results of...
Yak herding is one of the oldest market-based traditions, which is part of an integrated social-ecological system. But, it is at risk of extinction as yak herders are gradually shifting towards alternative occupations. The discontinuation of herding may have several implications such as loss of culture and degradation of the rangeland ecosystem. Th...
This book presents 10 efficient, cost-effective and custom-made solutions that have been tested in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region and are suitable for up-scaling and out-scaling to other regions. Each solution can contribute to several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and thus help ensure a better future for all. Th...
The invasion of alien species manipulates the structure, function, and composition of the recipient ecosystem causing ecological, economic, and social impacts. However, these impacts can be positive or negative, depending on the effect and context of the invasion. In some cases, invasions enhance primary productivity of the ecosystem and increase s...
Invasive alien species (IAS) are one of the major drivers of biodiversity loss across the globe. They affect natural ecosystems, agriculture, human health, and livelihoods. Invasion rate in mountain ecosystems in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) is likely to increase in the future, leading to greater biodiversity loss. Aichi Biodiversity Target 9 of t...
The Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH), the highest mountain biome, also referred as the third pole or the water tower of Asia, is an important repository of biological and cultural diversities and source of varied ecosystems services to 240 million people living within and 1.9 billion in the mountains and downstream. The region has been in spotlight for be...
The data available on the extent of global plant invasion shows a sharp increase in cases and associated costs over the last several decades. Indeed, most of the mixing of the planet’s flora due to human agency has occurred in the last 200 years. As in the case of rapidly emerging human pandemics that demand timely action, there have been urgent ca...
Due to extreme climate and limited accessibility, mountains are marked by low human population density and relatively little direct human interference. However, the recent anthropogenic footprint in terms of climate change, land-use changes, infrastructure developments, and increased global connectivity have made these pristine ecoregions more vuln...
Understanding phenotypic responses is crucial for predicting and managing the effects of environmental change on native species. Color and display size are typically used to evaluate the utilization value of ornamental plants, which are also important ornamental characters of Lonicera nervosa Maxim. (L. nervosa). However, there is limited documenta...
Sustainable land use is one of the emergent mountain concerns which requires immediate policy and regulatory attention. This study examines land use change and land prices at three different 5-yearly intervals: 2019, 2014 and 2009 respectively in three urbanizing districts of Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan. Empirical evidences are gathered by using mixe...
The benefits for biodiversity and human wellbeing are debated for many countries. Some communities in rural mountain areas of the world consider trophy hunting as an integrated conservation and development strategy to protect biodiversity and sustain livelihood. This review will provide the evidence that has been gathered to discuss the benefits of...
We provide the first evidence of an apparent decline in optimal temperature for methane emissions with increasing elevation. These findings have been widely recognized as the most fundamental factor among the variables regulating methane emissions from
wetlands, as it involves both production and oxidation processes of
methane dynamics.
We selecte...
Maintaining the health of biodiversity and ecosystem services is
becoming an increasingly important concern for the global
community. The biodiversity-rich Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH)
region provides a myriad of ecosystem services but is experiencing
rapid biodiversity loss and habitat degradation under the influence
of climate change and other driv...
The Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region extends across eight countries, from Afghanistan in the west to Myanmar in the east, crossing Pakistan, India, China, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh. The region is well known for its high mountains and has the largest ice reserves outside the polar regions. It is the source of water for 10 major Asian river syste...
Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) and Chitral hold great potential for an organic push: an intertwined network of products and services driving resilience building, employment, environmental conservation, and sustainable development. Ministry of National Food Security and Research (Government of Pakistan) and the International Centre for Integrated Mountain De...
In December 2019, professionals working with ICIMOD’s five Transboundary Landscapes initiatives – currently being implemented across the Hindu Kush Karakoram Pamir, Kailash, Kangchenjunga, and Far-Eastern Himalayan landscapes – came together to share information and lessons learned over the years, and devise ways to tackle challenges common across...
Chapter 2 elaborates on the overall consultative and
iterative process that is part of building a long-term common
vision among participating countries and among a range of
stakeholders in terms of agreeing on content, operational modalities,
and overarching governance mechanisms that can be applied
to ensure transboundary cooperation. It explores...
The overall consultative and
iterative process that is part of building a long-term common
vision among participating countries and among a range of
stakeholders in terms of agreeing on content, operational modalities,
and overarching governance mechanisms that can be applied
to ensure transboundary cooperation.
Yak (Bos grunniens L) herding plays an important role in the domestic economy throughout much of the Asian highlands. Yak represents a major mammal species of the rangelands found across the Asian highlands from Russia and Kyrgyzstan in the west to the Hengduan Mountains of China in the east. Yak also has great cultural significance to the people o...
In recent years, spread of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) has been a major concern in Nepal. One such IAPS is Ageratum houstonianum, an Asteraceae, that is a prolific seed producer and difficult-to-control in farmland and various ecological regions causing crop yield and biodiversity losses. However, very little information is available on the...
The Api Nampa Conservation Area (ANCA),
established in 2010 (BS 2067), is spread over an area
of 1,903 sq. km in Darchula District, Sudurpashchim
Province, in western Nepal. ANCA encompasses parts
or all of five Rural Municipalities and one Municipality.
Named after two mountain peaks, Mt Api (7,132 masl)
and Mt Nampa (6,757 masl), ANCA hosts a wid...
The Api Nampa Conservation Area (ANCA),
established in 2010 (BS 2067), is spread over an area
of 1,903 sq. km in Darchula District, Sudurpashchim
Province, in western Nepal. ANCA encompasses parts
or all of five Rural Municipalities and one Municipality.
Named after two mountain peaks, Mt Api (7,132 masl)
and Mt Nampa (6,757 masl), ANCA hosts a wid...
Key Findings
1. Looming challenges characterize the HKH as environmental, sociocultural, and economic changes are dynamically impacting livelihoods, environmental conditions, and ultimately sustain- ability. Many challenges for sustainability are related to weak governance, natural resource overexploitation, environmental degradation, certain aspec...
Invasive alien plant species (IAPS) can pose severe threats to biodiversity and stability of native ecosystems, therefore, predicting the distribution of the IAPS plays a crucial role in effective planning and management of ecosystems. In the present study, we use Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modelling approach to predict the potential of distribution...
Sensitivity & specificity graph.
(PDF)
Significant variable for predicting invasive species distribution.
(DOCX)
Relative importance of environmental variables based on jackknife results.
(PDF)
Predicted range expansion and contraction of IAPS for the year 2050 & 2070 at different climatic scenario.
(PDF)
This working paper mainly focused on assessment of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) in KSL-Nepal and Khar Village Development Committee of Darchula District (one of the pilot sites of the Kailash Initiative in Nepal) to analyze distribution pattern of IAPS, understand their impacts on ecosystems and livelihood, and recommend activities to manage...
This Operations Manual supports planning to provide multiple ecosystem services as part of management of sites and landscapes.
It presents six steps, key knowledge, guidance for forest, grassland and agricultural ecosystems, workbooks, a management plan template, an examples.
Central to its approach is a practical method for understanding and wor...
The International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), in collaboration with the Wageningen
UR Centre for Development Innovation (CDI), organized a ‘Landscape Governance Training of Trainers’ in Chitwan,
Nepal, from 25 September-5 October 2016. The Chitwan National Park (CNP), which is under the Department of
National Parks and Wild...
This picture series community training manual: Management of Invasive Alien Plant Species in the Hindu Kush Himalaya mainly focuses on invasive alien plant species found in various ecosystems of Nepal, and ways to identify and effectively manage them.
This educational material is produced to help government agencies, the academic community, and volunteers to identify invasive alien plant species in their area of work and that pose a threat in the landscape. Early detection of the species is an essential first step in the cost-effective removal or control and management of invasive species. This...
The report presents comprehensive updates on the progress made under Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative (KSLCDI) in 2016. The report builds on the reports submitted by partner organisations of KSLCDI and achievements of the year 2016.
Yak rearing in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region is practised over a wide geographical
area involving diverse groups of people, cultures, indigenous knowledge, ecological zones,
migration patterns, crops, genetic resources, and socio-ecological interactions. The major
yak distribution areas in the HKH lie in the high mountains in the border are...
Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity of Pastoral Communities under Climate Change in the Hindu Kush Himalayan Region
Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is an invasive alien species of global significance which is rapidly expanding in Nepal and other Asian countries with negative impacts on species diversity, health of human and livestock, and productivity of pasture and agriculture. To understand the invasive success of this weed, we analysed soil of its in...
Background and Aims A common hypothesis to explain plants' invasive success is that release from natural enemies in the introduced range selects
for reduced allocation to resistance traits and a subsequent increase in resources available for growth and competitive ability
(evolution of increased competitive ability, EICA). However, studies that hav...
Migratory livestock raising has been one of
the most important livelihood options for people
residing in high mountain areas and has made a
significant contribution to the economy of the Hindu
Kush Himalayan (HKH) region, both in terms of
supporting households and in export earnings.
However, in recent decades, changes in the socioeconomic
situatio...
Migratory livestock raising has been one of
the most important livelihood options for people
residing in high mountain areas and has made a
significant contribution to the economy of the Hindu
Kush Himalayan (HKH) region, both in terms of
supporting households and in export earnings.
However, in recent decades, changes in the socioeconomic
situatio...
Plant invasiveness was commonly attributed to the invader’s competitive superiority over the native community, but a general pattern supporting this prediction is still lacking. This is particularly enhanced by the fact that competitive dominance and its role in plant invasiveness require the use of scarcely-practiced experimental elements. Here, w...
T here are rangelands in most parts of the world, and wherever they exist, they are important for the national economy, environment, and cultural heritage. Globally, more than 120 million pastoralists rely on more than 5 billion hectares of rangelands for their livelihoods. The geographic extent and resources of the rangelands make their proper use...
The Karakoram-Pamir Landscape (KPL) lies in the transboundary area northwest of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the border area of Xinjiang Province in China and Gilgit-Baltistan Province of Pakistan. The landscape is known for its snowy peaks, glaciated valleys, high-altitude wetlands, alpine pastures, and globally significant biodiversity. High-al...
T here are rangelands in most parts of the world, and wherever they exist, they are important for the national economy, environment, and cultural heritage. Globally, more than 120 million pastoralists rely on more than 5 billion hectares of rangelands for their livelihoods. The geographic extent and resources of the rangelands make their proper use...
Migratory pastoralism is an adaptation to a harsh and unstable environment, and pastoral herders have traditionally adapted to environmental and climatic change by building on their in-depth knowledge of this environment. In the Hindu Kush Himalayan region, and particularly in the arid and semiarid areas of northern Pakistan, pastoralism, the main...
Background and aims:
The enemy release hypothesis assumes that invasive plants lose their co-evolved natural enemies during introduction into the new range. This study tested, as proposed by the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis, whether escape from enemies results in a decrease in defence ability in plants from the inva...
