Sridharan Raman

SAIPEM INDIA · Loss prevention

Adopted values for the reduced electric quadrupole transition probability, B(E2)↑, from the ground state to the first-excited 2+ state of even–even nuclides are given in Table I. Values of τ, the mean life of the 2+ state; E, the energy; and β, the quadrupole deformation parameter, are also listed there. The ratio of β to the value expected from th...

We have studied the primary and secondary γ rays (a total of ~1,100) in 100Tc following thermal-neutron capture by the radioactive 99Tc isotope. A fraction of these γ rays have been incorporated into the corresponding level scheme consisting of 36 levels in 100Tc. The determined neutron separation energy (Sn) for 100Tc is 6,765.20±0.04keV. By summi...

A lower limit of 0.63 ± 0.02 b has been determined for the thermal neutron capture cross section (σ0) of 93Zr from a measurement of the prompt γ-rays emitted by the 93Zr (n th,γ) 94Zr reaction. The present result for 93Zr is much smaller than the single previously reported measurement as well as compiled and evaluated values for this cross section....

Prompt γ rays induced by thermal neutron capture on a Pd sample were analyzed to obtain the thermal neutron capture cross section for this nuclide. Intensities of prompt γ-ray transitions feeding the ground state were summed to determine a lower limit of 9:16 ± 0:27 b for the thermal neutron capture cross section. There have been no experimental va...

The 151Sm(n,γ) cross section was measured with the time-of-flight technique from 0.6 eV up to 1 MeV relative to the Au standard with an overall uncertainty of typically 6%. Neutrons were produced by spallation at the innovative n_TOF facility at CERN; the γ rays from capture events were detected with organic C6D6 scintillators. Experimental setup a...

We present here a database of available experimental ratios of internal conversion coefficients for different atomic subshells measured with an accuracy of 10% or better for a number of elements in the range 26 ≤ Z ≤ 100. The experimental set involves 414 ratios for pure and 1096 ratios for mixed-multipolarity nuclear transitions in the transition...

The neutron capture cross sections of the radioactive isotope 151Sm and of natural samarium have been measured in the energy range from 3 keV to 225 keV at the Karlsruhe 3.7 MV Van de Graaff accelerator. Neutrons were produced via the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction by bombarding metallic Li targets with a pulsed proton beam and capture events were registered...

The 151Sm(n,γ)152Sm cross section, which is important for the interpretation of the 151Sm branching as an s-process thermometer, was measured from 1 eV up to 1 MeV at the innovative n_TOF facility at CERN. Based on these data, the Maxwellian-averaged cross section at kT=30 keV is found to be 3100±160 mb. This value can be used to constrain the ther...

Analyses were made of the prompt γ rays emitted in the thermal neutron capture reaction by 99Tc to determine the reaction cross section. From the obtained data, a partial decay scheme was constructed which consists of 88 γ rays and 36 bound states. Six γ rays were assigned as the transitions to the ground state of 100Tc. From the intensities of the...

The three major electromagnetic transition quantities, B(E2){down_arrow},Q(J), and {mu}(J), are calculated for the yrast band of {sup 196}Pt by a projection formalism. The valence nucleon space is divided into four sectors of normal and abnormal parity states for neutrons and protons separately. The collective properties are evaluated in each of th...

An account is given of a series of study to accurately determine the cross section of the 99Tc (n, γ) 100Tc reaction for thermal neutrons. Methods used are an activation analysis in which γ rays in 100Ru are examined, and analyses of ground-state transitions in 100Tc. To reduce uncertainty of the cross section obtained in the activation measurement...

The 10.5‐day isomer in 193Ir decays by a single 80.2‐keV M4 transition directly to the ground state of that nucleus. We have measured the total intensity of K x rays relative to 80.2‐keV γ rays for this transition to be 98.7(6). With the K-shell fluorescent yield for iridium taken to be 0.958(4), this result yields αK=103.0(8) for the K-shell inter...

The151Sm(n,gamma)152Sm cross section has been measured at the spallation neutron facility n_TOF at CERN in the energy range from 1 eV to 1 MeV. The new facility combines excellent resolution in neutron time-of-flight, low repetition rates, and an unsurpassed instantaneous luminosity, resulting in rather favorable signal/background ratios. The 151Sm...

A small-mass system has been developed for monitoring the flux of neutrons with energy up to 1 MeV at the new time-of-flight facility at CERN, n_TOF. The monitor is based on a thin Mylar foil with a 6Li deposit, placed in the neutron beam, and an array of Silicon detectors, placed outside the beam, for detecting the products of the 6Li(n, a)3H reac...

A Micromegas detector was used in the neutron Time-Of-Flight (n_TOF) facility at CERN to evaluate the spatial distribution of the neutron beam as a function of its kinetic energy. This was achieved over a large range of neutron energies by using two complementary processes: at low energy by capture of a neutron via the 6Li(n,α)t reaction, and at hi...

Calculated internal conversion coefficients (ICC's) depend on what assumptions are made in dealing with the hole left in the atomic shell by the emitted electron. The most recent survey [1] actually favors calculations that ignore the hole entirely and the newest ICC tables [2] take the same approach. Unfortunately, existing ICC measurements are no...

The accuracy of the pulse height weighting technique for the determination of neutron capture cross-sections is investigated. The technique is applied to measurements performed with C6D6 liquid scintillation detectors of two different types using capture samples of various dimensions. The data for well-known (n,γ) resonances are analyzed using weig...

The 24 Na nucleus was investigated via ( d→ ,p ) and ( n,γ ) reactions. Within the range of excitation energy from 0 to 6.3 MeV 75 levels were observed. The angular distribution of partial cross sections and vector analyzing powers for 70 levels were determined within the framework of distorted-wave Born approximation. Of 240 γ transitions assigned...

A Micromegas detector was used in the neutron Time-Of-Flight (n_TOF) facility at CERN to evaluate the spatial distribution of the neutron beam as a function of its kinetic energy. This was achieved over a large range of neutron energies by using two complementary processes: at low energy by capture of a neutron via the reaction, and at high energy...

The 10.5-day isomer in ¹⁹³Ir decays by a single 80.2-keV M4 transition directly to the ground state of that nucleus. We have measured the total intensity of K x rays relative to 80.2-keV γ rays for this transition to be 98.7(6). With the K-shell fluorescent yield for iridium taken to be 0.958(4), this result yields α{sub K}=103.0(8) for the K...

We have measured the 95Mo(n,α) cross section in the energy range from 1 eV to 500 keV at the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator (ORELA). This work is part of a series of (n,α) measurements for deriving a reliable global α+nucleus potential, which is an essential ingredient in nuclear statistical model calculations of the reaction rates for unsta...

Actinide samples irradiated in the Dounreay Prototype Fast Reactor for 492 effective full-power days were analyzed at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute by radiochemical methods to measure the isotopic compositions of the fission products (molybdenum, zirconium, and neodymium isotopes) and of the actinides (uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americ...

To evaluate neutron cross-section data of minor actinides (MAs), separated actinide samples and dosimetry samples were irradiated at the Dounreay Prototype Fast Reactor for 492 effective full-power days. Irradiated samples were analyzed both at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). This independent dup...

Several aspects related to the quality of the radiative capture measurements at the new n_TOF facility are reviewed following the initial measurements.

The structure of Te-131 has been investigated with the Te-130(n, gammagamma)Te-131 reaction using thermal neutrons and with the Te-130(d,p)Te-131 reaction using polarized deuterons with energy E-d = 18 MeV About 290 levels were identified in most cases including spin, parity and gamma-decay. The gamma-decay scheme after neutron capture is essential...

The structure of 131Te has been investigated with the 130Te( n, γγ) 131Te reaction using thermal neutrons and with the 130Te( d, p) 131Te reaction using polarized deuterons with energy Ed=18 MeV. About 290 levels were identified in most cases including spin, parity and γ-decay. The γ-decay scheme after neutron capture is essentially complete contai...

To fully utilize experimental internal conversion coefficients, one needs a reliable calculation of theoretical values. We have assembled a set of 100 experimental conversion coefficients, 45 αK and 55 αT values, measured with an accuracy of better than 5%, and generated the corresponding theoretical values using two methods, relativistic Hartree-F...

We have made the first experimental determinations of the astrophysical rates for the 192, 194, 195, 196Pt(n, γ) reactions across the range of temperatures needed for astrophysical models of the s process. Both neutron capture and total cross sections were measured for 192, 194, 195, 196Pt at the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator (ORELA) from 1...

Internal conversion coefficients (ICCs) obtained from relativistic self-consistent-field Dirac-Fock (DF) calculations are presented. The exchange terms of DF equations are included exactly, both for the interaction between bound electrons and for the interaction between bound and free electrons. Static and dynamic effects resulting from finite nucl...

In explosive environments, (γ,α) reactions constitute some of the most important links in the nucleosynthesis chains. However, it is very unlikely that the rates for most of these reactions will be determined by direct experiments and these rates also are currently very poorly constrained by theory. In this paper, we demonstrate that low-energy (n,...

We have made new and improved measurements of the neutron capture and total cross sections for 88Sr at the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator (ORELA). Improvements over previous measurements include a wider incident neutron energy range, better resolution, the use of metallic rather than carbonate samples, better background subtraction, reduced...

High-resolution measurements of heavy-ion-induced X-ray satellite emission (HIXSE) spectra have been obtained for a series of Mo-Ti binary alloys and V(FexCoyNiz)3 long-range-ordered (LRO) alloys. Variations in the relative intensity distribution of the satellite lines of these alloys were observed and are attributed to the influence of the valence...

An efficiency curve was constructed for a large-volume Ge detector located at the thermal-neutron beam line of the JRR-3M reactor at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). The calibrations for γ-ray energies below 2754 keV were accomplished with a large number of radioactive sources and above 2754 keV with the 12C(n,γ) and 14N(n,γ) rea...

We have made new and improved measurements of the neutron capture and total cross sections for 88Sr at the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator (ORELA). Improvements over previous measurements include a wider incident neutron energy range, better resolution, the use of metallic rather than carbonate samples, better background subtraction, reduced...

Five primary electric-dipole transitions in 31Si account for the bulk (∼98%) of the total thermal-neutron capture cross section (107±3 mb) of 30Si. We have recalculated the partial cross sections for these transitions using direct-capture theory and reliable spectroscopic factors for the (d,p) reaction, which have become available recently. There i...

In the first part of this work, we study the quadrupole collective properties of Na=2, 4, 6, and 8 nucleons occupying the abnormal-parity intruder single-particle states with high angular momenta ja=9/2, 11/2, 13/2, and 15/2. This study is essential for a detailed understanding of the contribution made by these nucleons to the quadrupole collectivi...

Ever since the pioneering work of Elliott (Elliott J P 1958 London Series A 245 128, 562), quadrupole collectivity in deformed nuclei has been economically described in terms of symmetry. Microscopic symmetry is not present in the deformed intrinsic states of n nucleons in the abnormal-parity single-particle states . However, such states do possess...

The presence of X-ray satellites is common in X-ray spectra. The last compilation of satellite lines, frequently cited in the open literature, is the X-ray energy collection of Cauchois and Senemaud, Wavelengths of X-ray Emission Lines and Absorption Edges, Pergamon, Oxford, 1978 [1], which is restricted to electron and photon excitations. In the l...

Work performed in part for an American Nuclear Society Standards Committee Subgroup (ANS 19.9) to assess the status of delayed neutron data is summarized. Recent measurements of delayed neutron emission conducted at Texas A&M University are also described. During the last 10 yr, there have been advances in nuclear data libraries (e.g., improved fis...

For nuclear transmutation of minor actinides, delayed neutron emission measurement for241Am was carried out in thermal neutron irradiation location. The neutron capture cross sections of241Am were also measured radiochemically. The transmutation process of241Am in reactor is discussed by calculating the yields of minor actinides with the nuclear da...

The ground-state properties of 1315 even–even nuclei with 10 ≤Z≤ 98 have been calculated in the framework of the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory. The Lagrangian parametrization NL3 was used in the calculations. Pairing correlations are accounted within the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer approach. The calculated values for the total binding energy,...

L X-ray spectra from seven elements (Yb, Ta, W, Pt, Au, Pb and Th) bombarded by 1 MeV u-1 silver ions were studied with a Si(Li) detector. The observed intensity ratios are consistent with theory if the rates calculated for a single vacancy are multiplied by a statistical scaling factor. Conversely, the measured ratios imply a high degree of multip...

Energy-dispersive L X-ray spectra of uranium and gadolinium were recorded in both singles and coincidence mode and fitted with attention to both detector lineshape and Lorentzian broadening. The relative line intensities in the L, L1, L2 and L3 X-ray series were deduced. These results favour the predictions of the Dirac-Fock model over those of the...

The authors discuss the direct capture theory pertaining to primary electric dipole (E1) transitions following slow neutron capture. For light nuclides that they have studied (including 9Be, 12C, 13C, 24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg, 32S, 33S, 34S, 40Ca, and 44Ca), estimates of direct capture cross sections using optical model potentials with physically realistic...

Texas A&M University, in collaboration with Oak Ridge National Laboratory / the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, have been actively studying the delayed neutron emission characteristics of the higher actinide isotopes for several years. 1-3 Recently, a proton recoil detector system was designed, built, and characterized for use in measuring...

Using a Si(Li) x-ray spectrometer, we have measured the respective fractions of L1, L2, and L3 x rays in the L x-ray spectrum emitted in the 157Tb-157Gd electron-capture decay. Using, in addition, our previously measured value for the ratio of L and K x rays, we deduce values for the fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields of the L1 subshell. These a...

Mean lifetimes of 20 out of 31 bound levels in 32S below an excitation energy of 8.0 MeV are deduced from the Doppler-broadened γ-ray line shapes produced in the reactions 2H(31P,nγ)32S, 28Si(6Li,pnγ)32S, and 31P(p,γ)32S. Of the 20 levels, lifetimes for 4 are reported here for the first time. For the remaining 16 levels, the lifetime values obtaine...

The position of the two-proton drip line has been calculated for even-even nuclei with $10 \leq Z \leq 82$ in the framework of the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory. The current model uses the NL3 effective interaction in the mean-field Lagrangian and describes pairing correlations in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) formalism. The prediction...

Recent models of the s process occurring in low-mass Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars have succeeded in reproducing the isotopic anomalies measured in certain meteorites for all the barium isotopes except ^137Ba. The disagreement for ^137Ba may be due to a problem with the ^137Ba(n,gamma ) reaction rate used in the calculations because the measu...

We have made improved measurements of the neutron capture and total cross sections for {sup 137}Ba over a sufficiently wide range of energies so that the reaction rate at s-process temperatures (kT=6{endash}23 keV) can be determined solely from the data. These rates are crucial for the interpretation of recently discovered anomalies of Ba isotopes...

The Daresbury Recoil Separator (DRS) has been installed for nuclear astrophysics research at ORNL's Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility. The DRS is a large-acceptance recoil separator that utilizes two velocity filters and a 50^circ dipole magnet to separate beam particles from recoils of interest. The primary function of the DRS will be the me...

Excited states of the nuclei 122,126,130Te were populated via the (g,g') reaction at endpoint energies of the bremsstrahlung between 4.5 and 5.5 MeV. Gamma rays were detected with a EUROBALL CLUSTER detector and a single HPGe detector. In all investigated nuclei two or three prominent dipole transitions were identified at E ~ 3 MeV. The correspondi...

Excited states of the nuclei 122Te, 126Te and 130Te were populated via the (γ, γ') reaction at endpoint energies of the bremsstrahlung between 4.5 and 5.5 MeV. Gamma rays were detected with a EUROBALL-CLUSTER detector and a single detector. In all nuclei several dipole transitions were identified at energies around 3 MeV. The lowest corresponding J...

We have quantitatively analyzed the wave functions of the low-lying yrast states of deformed, heavy nuclei (specifically 238U and 168Er) given by different models to determine the relative contribution of the valence nucleons to the total angular momentum of the nucleus. In all models, an yrast state is generated, as expected, by collective contrib...

Mean lifetimes of 22 bound levels and upper lifetime limits of four more levels in 32P below an excitation energy of 6.4 MeV were deduced from the Doppler-shift attenuation of γ rays produced in the inverse reaction 2H(31P,pγ). Of these 26 levels, the lifetimes of six levels are reported here for the first time. The low-lying portion of the level s...

Isotopes of the higher actinide elements are produced as a result of successive radiative capture reactions in the uranium fuel of nuclear reactors. Typically, these transuranic isotopes decay through long chains, have long half-lives, and dominate the long-term toxicity of spent reactor fuel. One of the options for high level waste management is t...

Experiments have been designed and conducted to measure the periods and yields of delayed neutrons from fast fission of {sup 235}U and {sup 237}Np. These measurements were performed in a pool type reactor using a fast flux in-core irradiation device. The energy dependent neutron flux spectrum within the irradiation device was characterized using a...

From a study of the 19F(n,gamma) reaction with thermal neutrons incident on a Teflon target, 168 gamma rays have been detected and incorporated into a level scheme of 20F consisting of 35 previously known levels and a new one at 5939 keV. Two low-energy primary E1 transitions of energies 584 and 665 keV together account for more than half of the to...

From a study of the {sup 19}F({ital n},{gamma}) reaction with thermal neutrons incident on a Teflon target, 168 {gamma} rays have been detected and incorporated into a level scheme of {sup 20}F consisting of 35 previously known levels and a new one at 5939 keV. Two low-energy primary {ital E}1 transitions of energies 584 and 665 keV together accoun...

Delayed neutron yields and decay constants for 235U, 237Np, 241Am, and 243Am were measured at the Texas A&M University TRIGA reactor using a fast pneumatic transfer system. The detection system consisted of an array of BF3 proportional counters embedded in a polyethylene cylinder. The measured values of the total delayed neutron yield per 100 fissi...

Isotopes of transuranic elements are produced by successive radiative capture reactions in the fuel of a nuclear reactor. Typically, these transuranic isotopes decay through long chains, have long half-lives, and dominate the long-term toxicity of the spent reactor fuel. One of the options for waste management is to remove the transuranics from spe...

Experiments were designed and performed to determine the number of neutrons emitted per fission, v, for 235U, 237Np and 243Am in a fast neutron spectrum. The neutron emission rates were observed using three proton recoil detectors. The detection system's efficiency was determined using a 252Cf source. The fission rate measurements were performed us...

The anharmonicity of octupole vibrations is deduced over a wide range of {ital Z} and {ital A} through the examination of summed {ital B}({ital E}3){up_arrow} values for all 3{sup {minus}} states in a given nuclide versus the centroid energy for those states. Data obtained with the ({ital p},{ital p}{sup {prime}}), ({ital d},{ital d}{sup {prime}}),...

Recently measured B(E20+1-->2+1) values for the light xenon (Z=54) isotopes show a marked increase in deformation as the neutron numbers approach the midshell value of N=66. At first sight, this behavior is anomalous because the 2+1 level energies are nearly the same for these isotopes. Moreover, this increase is not readily explained by several nu...

The operating history of the Dounreay Prototype Fast Reactor is presented to the extent that it is relevant to the irradiation of actinide specimens that were subsequently analyzed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Three fuel pins with actinide samples were irradiated from July 1982 to July 1988 and returned to ORNL for analysis. They contai...

The United States and the United kingdom have been participating in a program to unvestigate the transmutation of actinides in the Dounreay Prototype Fast Reactor. Twenty one actinide species were investigated and the samples were analyzed. Fission product yield results are discussed.

The United States and the United Kingdom have been engaged in a joint research program in which samples of higher actinides were irradiated in the 600-MW Dounreay prototype fast reactor in Scotland. Three separate fuel pins (FPs) were prepared and irradiated. The actinides in FP-1 and FP-2 were irradiated for 63 full power days (FPD). The irradiati...

Mean lifetimes of bound states in 15N were inferred from the Doppler-shift-attenuation (DSA) of gamma rays produced in the inverse reaction 2H(14N,pgamma) and from the primary gamma-ray-induced Doppler broadening (GRID) of secondary gamma rays in the thermal-neutron capture reaction 14N(n,gamma). Targets for the DSA measurements were prepared by im...

The excited states of 116Sn were studied by means of the decays of the 15.8-min, 3+ 116Sb ground state, and the 60.3-min, 8- 116Sb isomer. Over 50 gamma rays were observed; these were incorporated into a level scheme consisting of 32 excited states. Except for one new level proposed at 3.986 MeV, the current study fully supports an exhaustive study...

The great majority of measured values of the Coster-Kronig probability [ital f][sub 23] derive from x-ray coincidence experiments using radionuclide sources or from synchrotron-radiation excitation of thin foils. Very little attention has been paid in published work to the role of line-shape effects and satellites in the x-ray spectra that are obta...

Angular correlation parameters (A22) between the Kα1 and L3 x rays were measured for gadolinium in the electron-capture decay of the isotope 157Tb. The results are A22(Kα1-Ll)=0.272±0.042, A22(Kα1-Lα)=0.032±0.015, A22(Kα1-Lβ2,15)=0.061±0.018. These values are in very good agreement with the theoretical calculations of Scofield [Lawrence Livermore L...

We suggest that it is imprudent to do away entirely with effective charges for nucleons in normal-parity states when calculating the [ital B]([ital E]2) values of deformed nuclei within the sympletic pseudo-SU(3) model. Such effective charges are needed to take into account the contributions to the [ital B]([ital E]2) values resulting from the quad...

Neutron transmission measurements have been carried out on a small sample (205.9 mg) of CaCO[sub 3] with a [sup 43]Ca enrichment of 49.1%. The parameters (spins and neutron widths) of eight resonances below the neutron energy of 20 keV have been determined. This information was combined with a previously measured thermal-neutron coherent scattering...

Model fits were made to the cumulative distribution of all known levels (with spins J$\le${}10) in $^{116}\mathrm{Sn}$ below an excitation energy of 4.1 MeV identified in a variety of experiments, and simultaneously to the density of J=0 and J=1 resonances inferred from neutron capture and total cross-section measurements in $^{115}\mathrm{Sn}$+n....

We have measured accurately the intensity ratio of {ital L} and {ital K} x rays in the ¹⁵⁷Tb{r arrow}¹⁵⁷Gd electron-capture decay as 0.932{plus minus}0.015. From this ratio, we have deduced a value of 4.0{plus minus}0.2 for the electron-capture ratio {ital P}{sub {ital L}}/{ital P}{sub {ital K}}, leading, in turn, to a decay energy of 60....

We have studied primary and secondary γ rays (46 in 29Si, 107 in 30Si, and 33 in 31Si) following thermal-neutron capture by the stable 28Si, 29Si, and 30Si isotopes. Almost all of these γ rays have been incorporated into corresponding level schemes consisting of 12 excited levels in 29Si, 28 in 30Si, and 9 in 31Si. In each case, the observed γ rays...

A case of intestinal obstruction due to ileal atresia where the diagnosis was made prenatally by ultrasound is presented. Close monitoring of the fetus was done ultrasonographically to look for any evidence of meconium peritonitis. The baby was delivered preterm but weighed 3.3 kg. Laparotomy and enterostomy was done and the baby is currently well.

We consider intrinsic states of highly deformed nuclei in the framework of the universal Woods-Saxon model and show that valence nucleons in abnormal-parity high-{ital j} states contribute {similar to}20% to the electric quadrupole moments of these nuclei. Similarly, we show that in the single-shell asymptotic Nilsson model this contribution is {si...

We have studied the primary and secondary {gamma} rays (33 in {sup 25}Mg, 212 in {sup 26}Mg, and 35 in {sup 27}Mg) following thermal-neutron capture by the stable {sup 24}Mg, {sup 25}Mg, and {sup 26}Mg isotopes. Almost all of these {gamma} rays have been incorporated into the corresponding level schemes consisting of 9 excited levels in {sup 25}Mg,...

The United States and the United Kingdom have been engaged in a joint research program in which samples of fissile and fertile actinides have been incorporated into three separate fuel pins and irradiated in the Dounreay Prototype Fast Reactor in Scotland. The actinides in the second fuel pin were studied for fission-product decay, specifically to...

We consider the evidence for the role of direct and related mechanisms in neutron capture at low and medium energies. Firstly, we compare the experimental data on the thermal neutron cross sections for El transitions in light nuclei with careful estimates of direct capture. Over the full range of light nuclei with small cross sections direct captur...

We have deduced the coherent scattering amplitude of 46Ca as 3.55±0.21 fm by measuring the neutron-diffraction patterns of calcite enriched to 32% in 46Ca. We have employed this value in calculating the direct-capture cross sections of the primary electric-dipole γ transitions in 47Ca using optical-model potentials with physically realistic paramet...

The {ital B}({ital E}2){up arrow} values for the first 2{sup +} state of even-even nuclei in the {ital Z}{ge}50 region are compared with the predictions of several theoretical models. Comparative estimates of the overall agreement with the data are provided. Gaps and discrepancies in the data and examples that show interesting features such as shap...

The level scheme of Sn116 has been studied by combining the results of Sn115(n,γ)116Sn and Sn116(n,n’γ)116Sn experiments. Both experiments were performed using isotopically enriched samples and Ge γ-ray detectors. Based on the thresholds of γ-ray excitation functions measured for the Sn116(n,n’γ) reaction and the precise γ-ray energies from the cap...

Uterine rupture is still a common problem in developing countries although even here the incidence varies from urban to rural settings. This article is a review of uterine rupture in an urban referral hospital in Malaysia. It examines aetiology, clinical presentation, complications and management of the problem. Meticulous screening of patients tog...